Andre's Why

Why radiation nauseates.

2012-01-27T15:24:00.000-08:00

Why Radiation Nauseates .
Andre Willers
27 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
Nausea tries to minimize the number of opportunistic gut-bacteria .

Discussion :
Ever wonder why nausea is the first symptom of a hefty radiation dose ?

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Pre-pendix:
Emergency Radiation dose therapy when nothing else is available :
1.Empty the gut . Vomit and emetics .
2.Kill gut bacteria . (vit C , alcohol , antibiotics)
3.Wash outer skin , but no soaps .
4.Eat about 10 mg honey , preferably from a young hive .
5.Put about one drop of bleach in the water .
6.Pray.
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There are strong clues in
1.)“Science Translational Medicine” , DOI:10.1126/scitransmed.3003126
2.)”NewScientist” 3Dec 2011 p21 “How to survive a fatal radiation dose”

Pay attention , as this may save your life someday .

Eva Guinan of Harvard Medical School found that boosting levels of a protein involved in immune responses against bacteria , while simultaneously giving an antibiotic helped 80% of rats to survive a lethal radiation exposure . Even after 24 hours .

What gives ?

In normal times:
Most of the Immune System (80%-90%)is clustered around the gastro-intestinal tract , containing foreign incursions , but mainly keeping resident symbiotic and commensal bacteria in check .Quorum systems on both parts play a macro and micro role .
This means all the bacteria have lethality genes , but they are not switched on .

The Border :
The gums , stomach wall , intestinal wall , etc .
This is composed of cells with a much faster rate of duplication . They are where the rubber hits the tar .Lots of wear-and-tear . They can afford higher mutation rates , because this is exactly where 80% of the immune system is resident .

Unfortunately , for evolutionary reasons , this expensive immune response system is optimized .
This means the minimum necessary , plus 1/3 reserve .

Major Damage :
1.Radiation damage scenario.
The gastro-walls , which divide fast , are hit first . DNA damage not only causes apoptosis of new cells , but the burden on the immune system to zap cancerous cells increases significantly .
Gaps in the wall appears . Bleeding occurs .
Opportunistic intestinal bacteria moves past the immune system border barrier and spreads through the bloodstream . Lethality genes gets switched on . In return , the low concentration immune-system in farflung corners switch on drastic measures . The organism goes into shock .

Nausea :
An evolved response to this scenario is to empty the gastro-tube as much as possible .
And keep it empty .
Hence nausea .
The triggers would be fragments of cellular destruction , either by radiation or chemical means .

See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Controlled Death Markers” Nov 2011
Repeated in Appendix I for your convenience .

But what we really need is to zap all bacteria in the gut until the emergency is past , then replenish them .

Zapping gut bacteria :
1.Vitamin C in megadoses : 7-8 gm will kill 99% on a first pass .
2.Combine with alcohol (about 500 ml of 40% alcohol-standard booze)
These are general killers .
3.Antibiotics are specific killers , always leaving some survivors .
4.Stimulated excretion : leaves some survivors .(Cf diarrhea infections : adaptations?)
Especially if appendix veriformis is intact .

Immune system boost :
In this case , a protein . But there is a more potent system
”NewScientist” 3Dec 2011 p8 “HIV out , no immune system required”
Briefly , existing muscle-cells are gene-engineered with viruses to produce specific antibodies , bypassing the immune system completely .(Already been done) .

This means a huge antibody pulse
I would suggest also targeting fat cells . This would be really losing weight fast , while getting healthier .

Eat and Shit :
Toilet training is the first Human Rite of Passage .Pulses of eating and excretion instead of a steady in-out flow .This not only affects the neural systems , but the entire immune and gut bacteria systems . Their interrelationship and pulses .

Since there are multiple inputs (eating) , but one output per day , the output dictates the pace .
At a bacterial level as well . You have to toilet train bacteria , since they influence the muscle-rhythms of the gut .

“Modern” medical birthing techniques do not allow crossover between the mother's faecal matter and the baby . So each baby has to be trained afresh .

Why do you think the cloaca and the vagina are so close together ?
In healthy mammals , it is essential that the bacterial symbiotes are initialized . The intestinal symbiotes are the most important (gotta eat) .

Leakage from the mother's anus during birth will coat the baby in some interesting genetic material
Researchers should concentrate on matter from the mother's anus during birth for some wow! targeted antibiotics .
Pay special attention to bacterial skin penetrations on the baby .

Caesearians :
Use faecal transplants and anal swabs .

But I am wandering .

Massive radiation damage shock :
This seems to have occurred often enough that evolutionary procedures to handle it have evolved .
1.The skin systems ( gastro , surface skin ) are isolated .
2.The immune system is redistributed .
3.Reserves are mobilized .
4.Only innocuous inputs are allowed (sterile water , etc)
5.Heat shock systems are mobilized to edit damaged proteins .
6.Repopulation of bacteria from internal or external reservoirs

Innocuous inputs:
Coarse sea Salt , honey .

Active inputs:
Bleach .
Very,very small concentrations of bleach (one drop per liter) act like wolves on the ecology of bacteria . It puckers up their receptor sites like a camel's asshole in a sandstorm .

The reason is that bleach is the chemical used by the immune system to kill .
There is no immunity (or rather , if they develop immunity , all multi-cellular organisms are dead )

It also resets bacterial quorum mechanisms .

Now you know why we have not had major high-death rate pandemics .
Oh , we have had pandemics . But usually the major killing was done by opportunistic bacteria switching on lethal genes in the gut

And here you thought your dishwashing liquid did nothing for you .

Andre .

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Appendix I

Controlled Death Markers .
Andre Willers
21 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Platelets . Beautiful ! Fragments of Destruction evolved into Fragments of Survival .

Discussion :
When cells are destroyed , fragments remain . Systems that recognise these fragments as warning signals survive better .

Why wait until destruction occurs ?
Systems that deliberately create fragments will survive better . Contingency plans .

Enter platelets , Megakaryocytes and cytokines .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megakaryocytes
Megakaryocytes create platelets , these platelets being generalised fragments of destruction .
Not all fits , so specialised proteins ( ie C3) have evolved as a next step to tie the platelets to specific bacteria .
Note that C3 evolved as part of the innate immune system .
We therefore strongly suspect that there are chaperones steering C3 and others to mark unknown objects for further attention .

These are then presented to the dentritic immune cells for incorporation into the Learned Immune Response system .

A nifty piece of work .
The innate immune system is incorporated into the learned immune system via the platelets .
The very large search space can be spanned by a small variable space .
The order is of 3 (ie 10^3) . Typical Genetic algorithm .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_component_3
Complement component 3, often simply calledC3, is a protein of the immune system. It plays a central role in the complement system and contributes to innate immunity. In humans it is encoded on chromosome 19 by a gene calledC3.[1][2]

Instant death :
Looking at the molecular structure of C3 and the clotting factors , we notice an old friend : tell me three times . ( But beware of the Boojum)

There are three locks in the folds of the molecules . Biological systems that utilize only one or two locks will have to be kept in quarantine (ie bi- or tri-poisons in component form .) Not normally found in evolutionary systems .
It would make a nifty exterminator for sexual species . Tie two forms to the X-chromosome and one to the Y-chromosome , and the resultant combination will kill both copulators in an ecstasy of clotting ( literally if we connect an endorphin producing alkaloid) .

Can this evolve ?
Yes , in social species . Already has . See large percentage of neuters in insect species .
This would be driven by overpopulation .
“One Queen in darkness , to rule them all” , with apologies to Tolkien .
This limits population growth to non-exponential terms .

This leads to a delicious anti-bug strategy :
Make them implode .

Hyper Death Markers .
An extremely high concentration of cell-wall fragments .
We have it already in a mild form : petroleum jellies . (Burns)
(Petroleum is formed from destroyed cells)
Low-temperature , low-temperature refined petroleum concentrated in a small volume should trigger cellular implosion (or kill you quickly)

The Spleen :
Unlearning things .
This is where you Unlearn things at a molecular level .
At the stomach level .
Note the tie to the amygdala .
One third of the activated platelets end up in the spleen . As expected . This is the Reserve .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “New Tools” , Nov 2008
But note the Megakaryocyte's DNA nuclei end up in the lungs .Why ?
Note the hypersensitivity of the lungs to rubbish . They have not unlearned some things .

There seems to be link between the spleen and the lung's immune responses (ie asthma ,etc)
But there is little on the Net about reprogramming the Learned Immune System via the spleen , though it is built-in .

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How to Reprogram the Learned Immune Response system :
This is not medical advice . Consult your doctor .

Pulse system :
1.Take about 2000 micrograms of vit B12 . (a hefty dose)
2.Dissolve about 15 gm(3 tsp) of honey (or bee-balm) in a boiling bit of water .
Inhale the fumes after step 3 .
3.Eat about 5 mg (1 tsp) of honey or bee-balm .(1/3)
4.Then continue for at least 5 breaths .

What is supposed to happen : the contrast in the lack of death markers from the honey in the lungs and the spleen , combined with the Vit B12 pulse reprograms the immune responses . If it works , it should help with asthma and diabetes II .
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Death and Broadband :
All organisms with telomeres live longer in the presence of pervasive patterned electro-magnetic radiation .

Delicious !
All those radio towers make you live longer . (Unless you are too close) . Correlate it .

Logic:
The telomere DNA sequence is very specific . Large scale random EM radiation will give rise to stochastic resonance , reinforcing the integrity of the telomere DNA sequence . A longer life .
Feedback systems are involved .

Forced evolution :
This can be done by hiking the patterns to higher Beth(x) levels .

But watch out for the discontinuities in the Fourier series .

Shock systems .
In an emergency , simply use plain dissolved sugar as an inhalant . Does this really work ?
I don't know . Try it .

Diabetics :
1.Three teaspoons of sugar dissolved in a little bit of boiling water
2.One teaspoon of sugar eaten
3.Inhale the fumes from the boiling sugar water .

This should reprogram the spleen to some degree.

Now you know as much as I do.

Unlearning the wrong things is yuck .

Andre
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The Skull Trap

2012-01-21T18:54:00.000-08:00

The Skull Trap
Andre Willers
22 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
The skull is a poor place to put a brain . Eating and thinking makes for a rather limited fellowship .

Discussion :
1.The brain development was driven by one major factor : the amygdala .
Fast recognition and reaction to threats overrode everything else .
Other factors were :
2.Optic systems
3.Ganglia for movement
4.Memory of rewards .

A false optimum in evolution linked the four factors above to be in close proximity .
The Brain in the Skull .

This split happened about 300 MYA .
Amphibians' “brains” were distributed ,
Dinosaurs and mammals also have distributed brains , but to a much lesser extent .
See “A brief history of the Brain” , NewScientist 24 sep 2011 p 40
This led to humans having a severely limited processing capacity , due to skull size .

I am more interested in enhancing human capability .

Multiple Amygdala's
Humans already have this in simple forms. Also known as chakra's .
See Appendix I for Lower Back Pain . A local amygdala effect .

Creation and steering of local amygdala's using APS .
This should drastically increase sporting performance .

But will it make you smarter ?
The answer is yes , to a limited extent .

Shifting decision processing to local amygdala's frees the central brain from these tasks .
There is a leverage effect in that many nodes in the Mirror-Neuron Networks are freed up as well .

Super Sportsman .
This will give you very fast reflexes . Also more stamina (some housekeeping muscle systems are controlled from these ganglia) .

Genetic :
Implanting or stimulating amygdala stem cells in the chakra points should have some very interesting results .

Controlled cancers stimulated by amygdala's will result in brain mass in the body , where it belongs .

Will this trigger some epigenetic responses ? I have no idea , but suspect that some “fast-forward” cancer biolabs in the body already has some pre-prepared genes .

Drugs :
Identifying chakra's as amygdala's opens the whole toolbox of interventions ..
Propanolol an Imipramine springs to mind .

Take a lot of fish oil (omega3 fats . Etc)

Another fishy story .

Andre .

Ps. Correlate Fleming Effect with Caeserians .

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Appendix I

Peripheral Neuropathy of Legs. A Cure.
Andre Willers
20 Apr 2010

My Birthday Present to fellow sufferers .

Synopsis:
A methodology for reducing chronic symptoms (95%) and repairing nerves .

Summary:
Data from my personal experience .
1.Use APS as for lower back pain once a day (8 min) . Unease relief 80%-85% .
2.Use capsaicum on upper thighs . Before sleep . Unease relief 10% . The need for this will decrease after about 5-7 usages of APS usage .
3. Keep blood-glucose concentration <=6.5
4. Do not eat high acrylamide foods
5.Take alpha-lipoic acid . 250 mg (1+2+1) per day initially .Taper .
Beware reflux . An amusing side effect . Rejection reflexes of crap food are repaired .
Not beloved by the fast-food industry .
(Pregnant women should not take this in large doses. )

Discussion :
The pathology is caused by damage to the nerves , (especially the long leg-nerves) by high glucose concentrations in DiabetesII and Acrylamide from diet .

How it works:
The pain-pulses of damaged nerve A arrive at the synapses in the lower back (spine) . Here , certain specialized glial cells count the frequency and duration . To prevent the gate-effect of pain impulses to mask further pain signals of further tissue damage from other nerves , these cells take on the function of automatically pulsing pain signals as if from nerve A , while inhibiting the damaged nerve A's signal .

This enables other damage signals to come through , preventing further damage .
This has obvious evolutionary advantages in preventing cascading damages .

The problem is that , even if damage to nerve A has been repaired , the off-switch of this mechanism may not work . Or the damage to nerve A might remain .

See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Peripheral Neuropathy" et al .
Chronic neuropathy results from the inability to activate the "Off" switch in microglial and astrocyte bodies in the dorsal root ganglion .
See Scientific American Nov 2009 p 33 .

A further teensy problem is that , even if there was a temporary repair , if the chronic condition (like too high glucose or acrylamide concentrations) the microglial and astrocyte bodies get re-triggered . And they would be sensitized as well .

The Methodology :
1.Drastically reduce the pain impulses from the microglial and astrocyte bodies in the dorsal root ganglion . For this we use the APS technology , with electrodes configured for "Back Pain" .
See www.apstherapy.com
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "ATP as Neurotransmitter"

I originally bought this machine in 2001 for Neuropathy leg pains , but put the electrodes on the legs . This had little or no effect . Only after reading the article :
See Scientific American Nov 2009 p 33 did I realize that the chronic pain is generated in the lower back .
Putting the electrodes on the sides of the lower hip as recommended for lower back pain led to a reduction of that chronic burning unease sensation of 80-85 percent.
After about 4-7 days .

Some of the remainder of unease could be ameliorated by using gate-theory : capsaicum . Just smear it on the thighs . This generates pain signals that compete at the lowest spine ganglia , but unfortunately the system habituates easily . .

This brings us to about 95% of unease .

At least I could sleep without analgesics .

But there are still twinges .

The damage to the nerves still exist . The neuropathic pain will quickly re-establish itself . We are just managing the condition , not curing it .

The Cure :
Repair the nerves , while keeping the damaging agents under control .
The damaging agents are too high concentrations of glucose and acrylamide .
Keep them under control via diet or insulin .

The repair is enhanced by alpha-lipoic acid (evening primrose oil).
Take supplements .

Desensitizing the system :
A really permanent , buffered system . I do not have that .
Working ,working ….

A promising lead is propranolol . Reprogramming memories at synapse level (ie the microglial and astrocyte bodies in the dorsal root ganglion .)
Google "propranolol PTSD"

Happy Birthday !

Andre

Chitter Goo .

2012-01-17T15:16:00.001-08:00

Chitter Goo
Andre Willers
17 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
An uncontrolled explosion of insect numbers (Chitter Goo) caused the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) , when an enormous pulse of atmospheric carbon raised the average global temperature 9F , melted all ice and caused widespread speciation .

Discussion :
PETM was about 56 Million Years Ago(MYA) , lasting about 150 000 years before stabilizing .
The initial CO2 spike was about 3 trillion metric tons of carbon (3x10^12) , with a trailing , decreasing extra production of 1.5 trillion metric tons of carbon (1.5x10^12)

Present day production of CO2 by insects is about 48 Billion metric tons of carbon per year .(48x10^9) Google it .

The ratio of PETM insects to present day insects needed to create a pulse of PETM size is then
n= (3x10^12 ) / (48x10^9 )
n= 62.5

Oops!
This is kinda small . The system is more fragile than I thought .

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The last time around :

World average temperature increased 9F ( 68F - 77F)
For a fuller discussion , see “National Geographic” Oct 2011 p 90 “World without Ice”

What caused the spike ?
The culprit seems to be insects .

The fossil evidence of plants show extensive insect damage . This has been taken as being the result of increased insect depredation due to warming .

But invert the argument .

1.After the KT event , (65 MTA) , ecosystems had become unravelled . Checks-and-balances were not as smooth as they used to be .

2.An arms race between dinosaur survivors (ie birds) and insects ensued , which the insects won . Even today , birds alone cannot keep insect numbers in check . (Locusts)
Birds tried , but intra-species competition drove them towards larger sizes , while insects went smaller . The well-known dwarfism of the PETM . This opened the niche for small insectivores like mammals .

3.A random event initiated runaway positive feedback insect increases .

4The Feedback Mechanisms :
4.1Higher CO2 levels inhibit plant defenses (See Appendix I)
4.2Higher levels of CO2 is an attractant to insects (eg used as a mosquito lure)
4.3Dwarfism and early maturity in prey and gigantism in predators .
Small ants form super colonies .

Doubtlessly there are other feedback factors . But these are sufficient to turn a localised random event (like a clathrate burp) into a positive feedback process , eventually swallowing the whole planet .

Chitter Goo .
Insects ate nearly all available carbon .
Indelible memories are laid down in all mammals .Real instincts .

Counter Chitter Goo :
Evolutionary explosion of mammals , notably bats . A side note are horses , cows and primates .

5.Green Goo
This must have triggered instability in the oceans .
Indeed , the major extinctions of the period were in Foraminifera on the sea-bottoms .(50% of species) .
Green Goo must have acted as a CO2 sink to the results of Chitter Goo .
Not exactly a smooth process .
See Appendix II for clues .

Epigenetic Effects .
This has doubtlessly happened many times before . Lifeforms have mechanisms for coping with it .

Things to watch out for :

1.Dwarfism and earlier maturity . Biomass and variety increases
This is an adaptation to rising temperatures and over-predation .

2.Gigantism of predators
The initial over predation by larger predators masks the effect in para 1 .
Eg . The cod of Newfoundland Bank have not disappeared , but skedaddled northwards under the arctic icecap in large numbers of smaller fish . As the icecap disappears , they will re-emerge and resume normal size .

3.Resurgence of whale numbers .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Why whales are so large” Aug 2011
Figure out why yourself .

4.Fungi-farming insects will increase at least pari-passu with decrease in non-angioform areas .
Super colonies .
Note what is happening to bats . The most formidable insectivore in the mammalian armory .
They are being killed by fungi . Correlate this with ant invasions .
See Appendix III for Gaia's feedback systems .

Global Warming . What does it mean for us in 2012 ?
You might as well drive your gas-guzzler .

It means that Gaia has PTSD as far as rapid warming is concerned . Living systems have already initiated adaptation protocols . Minor CO2 fluctuations will make no difference . The best humans can do is to encourage Green Goo . Breeding or creating insectivores will help .
Move inland .
Hell , move off-planet .

Get the fungi on your side with huge fungi sewerage reclamation ponds , dumps or sites .

The tipping point is well past .

Does the speed of warming matter?
No .
The PTSD-like effect has already taken care of it .
Biological systems are already adapting to higher temperatures .
It is only human sociological systems that cannot get with the program .

An Ironic Note :
Large oil , gas , fishing property , etc rights will make Eskimo's the richest people on the planet .
(Think Arabs and oil , only more so)
They will have a hankering to the Good Old Days .

Sell ice to the Eskimo's .

Andre

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Appendix I
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080324173612.htm
The team turned its attention to the hormonal signaling pathways of the plants, focusing on a key defensive chemical the plants produced to ward off an insect attack. When insects eat their leaves, soybeans and other plants produce a hormone, jasmonic acid, that starts a chain of chemical reactions in the leaves that boost their defenses. Normally this cascade leads to the production of high levels of a compound called a protease inhibitor. When the insects ingest this enzyme, it inhibits their ability to digest the leaves.
"What we discovered is that leaves grown under high CO2 lose their ability to produce jasmonic acid, and that whole defense pathway is shut down," Delucia said. "The leaves are no longer adequately defended."
The higher carbohydrate content of the leaves and the lack of chemical defenses allowed the adult insects to feast and live longer and produce more offspring.

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Appendisx II
Inverted Pyramids and Green Goo .
Andre Willers
18 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Forget Grey Goo .
Green Goo is a much bigger danger .

Discussion :
Land-based biomass :
This follows the intuitively understood (by humans) pyramid : lots of plants at the bottom , then fewer herbivores (about 10% in terms of energy or biomass) , then carnivores (another 10% of herbivores) .

Marine biomass :
The base of the pyramid (ie the phytoplankton) is smaller than the subsequent predators existing on it at a slice in time . Both in biomass and energy .

What gives ?
The phytoplankton are essentially in an uncontrolled feedback loop , barely kept in check by zooplankton and resource constraints .

None of this telomere nonsense for phytoplankton .

This is inherently unstable . The inverted pyramid structure indicates this .

No static stability is possible , either . The best is a dynamic instability between thresholds .

The Inverted Pyramid has to jiggle around constantly to prevent Green Goo .

Green Goo :
1.If the bottom threshold fails , we simply have a lifeless piece of ocean , which is quickly repopulated .

2.If the top threshold fails , the phytoplankton multiply without limit . Oceans of Green Goo result .
This has happened repeatedly . Hence our present lakes of oil and gas .
Do the macro-calculations : without runaway Green Goo ecosystems (especially in shallow seas like Tethys) , there simply would not be enough biomass to yield the present large-scale oil and gas deposits .
See http://plankt.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/1/63.full.pdf

Determining the thresholds :
This has proven to be extraordinarily difficult .
This is because there is no one answer . It is a dynamic system . With the driving system a positive feedback system .

Ocean layer mixing is a major factor .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Why whales are so large” Oct 2011 See Appendix C below .
And various models of nutrient mixing .

Some danger signs :
Large “dead” areas in the oceans . Lots of Cyanobacteria multiplying like mad , making oxygen .
Oxygen levels rising , (or remaining steady while they should be falling) . Explosions of jellyfish .

These are precursors to Green Goo .

Why are land-based-plants then in a stable pyramid ?
The invention of telomeres . Seaweeds .
Tidal areas have limited attachment areas . There is an evolutionary advantage in having an accelerated death-rate to make room for fitter young ones . Ditto for the center of old ocean gyres like the Sargasso Sea .

Biological diversity :
Forget the Amazon . Look to the Sargasso and equivalents .
Look at the nodules on the weeds . (Think mitochondria .)
The seaweeds tamed the positive feedback system .
Their descendants populated the land .
This has obvious applications to things like cancer , etc .

And here I thought all those seaweed facial packs were a bunch of rubbish .

Interestingly , feedback of the control structure into phytoplankton will result in a failure of the lower threshold , a patch of “dead” sea , and recolonization .

Global warming :
What global warming ?
From Gaia's viewpoint , humans are just restoring some of her cozy CO2 blanket .

Humans are supposed to be the conscious component of Gaia , but she can function perfectly well without them .

Humans pride themselves on their adaptability .
Like any proud mother , Gaia is trotting them onto the stage to strut their stuff .

Remember , she trained Kali .

Well , that's show business .

Andre

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Appendix A
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass_(ecology)
Marine environments can have inverted biomass pyramids. In particular, the biomass of consumers (copepods, krill, shrimp, forage fish) is larger than the biomass of primary producers. This happens because the ocean primary producers are tiny phytoplankton which grow and reproduce rapidly, so a small mass can have a fast rate of primary production. In contrast, terrestrial primary producers are plants which grow and reproduce slowly.
Humans comprise about 100 million tonnes of the Earth's dry biomass,[26] domesticated animals about 700 million tonnes, and crops about 2 billion tonnes.[citation needed] The most successful animalspecies, in terms of biomass, may well be Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, with a fresh biomass approaching 500 million tonnes.[23][27][28], although domestic cattle may also reach these immense figures[citation needed]. However, as a group, the small aquatic crustaceans called copepods may form the largest animal biomass on earth.[29] A 2009 paper in Science estimates, for the first time, the total world fish biomass as somewhere between 0.8 and 2.0 billion tonnes.[30][31]

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Appendix B
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100716140917.htm
The new theory that Behrenfeld has developed, called the "dilution-recoupling hypothesis," suggests that the spring bloom depends on processes occurring earlier in the fall and winter. As winter storms become more frequent and intense, the biologically-rich surface layer mixes with cold, almost clear and lifeless water from deeper levels. This dilutes the concentration of phytoplankton and zooplankton, making it more difficult for the zooplankton to find the phytoplankton and eat them -- so more phytoplankton survive and populations begin to increase during the dark, cold days of winter.
In the spring, storms subside and the phytoplankton and zooplankton are no longer regularly diluted. Zooplankton find their prey more easily as the concentration of phytoplankton rises. So even though the phytoplankton get more light and their growth rate increases, the voracious feeding of the zooplankton keeps them largely in-check, and the overall rise in phytoplankton occurs at roughly the same rate from winter to late spring. Eventually in mid-summer, the phytoplankton run out of nutrients and the now abundant zooplankton easily overtake them, and the bloom ends with a rapid crash.
"What the satellite data appear to be telling us is that the physical mixing of water has as much or more to do with the success of the bloom as does the rate of phytoplankton photosynthesis," Behrenfeld said. "Big blooms appear to require deeper wintertime mixing."

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Appendix C
Why Whales are so large
Andre Willers
12 Aug 2011

Synopsis :
Vertical migration in the ocean between each breath recycles nutrients into the sunlit layers of the ocean , stimulating phytoplankton-krill-whale positive feedback cycle . The bigger the whale , the more krill , the more whales , etc

Discussion :
See "Givers of Life" by Steve Nicol in NewScientist 9 Jul 2011 p36 .
This is an excellent overview by an actual researcher .

Critical points :
1.Nutrients tend to sink after concentration into plant cells . Small animal faeces like krill sink by 100 – 1000 metres a day . The thermocline acts as a trapdoor , excacerbating the effect in summer or global warmaing .

2.Mammals have to breathe at the surface . This forces a vertical migration with each breath , mixing things up in at least three ways :

2.1 Wake turbulence and Coanda Effect (Google it) . Large volumes of water are transported up and down . It is part of whale's reduction to water-flow resistance . The bigger the whale , the better .

2.2 Nutrient scavenging from the depths and faeces plumes at surface . Size helps .

2.3 Floating reservoirs of nutrients in krill are eaten and excreted as faeces plumes in the sunlit zones , preventing loss of vital nutrients like iron . This stimulates phytoplankton , which stimulates krill , which stimulates whales . The bigger the whales , and the more of them , the better .

Social effect and mini-ecology :
A pod of whales use their sonar calls to coordinate their vertical migrations to create a nutrient rich mini-ecology around the pod . They farm the sea .
Other species benefit . Fishing is good .

Note that the minimum survival size is a pod , and the techniques are learned .
Think of the pod as a farming village in 3-dimensional oceanic terms .

A lonely whale is a hungry whale

The feedback effect here would be as the cube of the number of whales and their size . A very strong effect , leading quickly to large numbers and maximum possible sizes .

This was indeed the case as late as 17th century Whale , fish and wild bird populations were about 100 times larger than at present . Google it .

The Fly-by effect :
Whale pod ecologies moving past a coast would have significant effects on local crustaceans and inshore fishing .
The same is applicable for coral reefs . Blanching is be ameliorated by temperature-layer mixing .
The Australian Great Barrier reef can be saved through whale pods doing a fly-by
Coral atolls the same .

Without them there would be a desert .

Whales seems to have been the key-stone eco species .

The Bad News :
This seems bad , since humans reduced whale numbers so drastically .

The Good News :
1.The feedback effect is very strong (cubed effect) and can be applied per pod .
2.Pod-package : similar to human civilization package .
Symbiotic and commensal species of fish , phytoplankton , krill , dolphins , orcas , can be used to accelerate repopulation , under strict human protection .
3.Commercial Demand :
Whale Pods and their symbiotic humans can negotiate their own terms for ecological beneficiation for coral islands , fisheries , barrier reefs , etc .
In a warming world , the Whale Union will be a powerful force .

Whales and Dinosaurs :
Whales are the largest animals that ever lived .
Sea dinosaurs did not need to breathe air . Hence no vertical migration .
Hence no feedback effect for size .

Hippo's
Hippo's are a branch of whales (from long ago) . They also create a mini-ecology in their pool by stirring things up . Especially in the dry season . The pools are stagnant . The only thing stirring up nutrients are hippo's . The other species depend on them . The eco-system collapses without them .
Which is why humans put up with bad-tempered hippo's in Africa . They were essential to a functioning ecosystem .
(Or , to put it more elegantly , the tribe that killed them perished .)

Which makes me wonder why they were not domesticated .
Maybe an attempt was made around the Makgadigadi Sea , and what we have are the descendants of the untamable ones . Similar to buffalo and kwagga .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Makgadigadi Sea" Aug 2009

The Human-Whale interaction .
There is fairly good evidence that a crucial human bottle-neck experience took place about 190 000 to 200 000 years ago on the Agulhas plains during an ice-age .The only thing enabling them to survive was the annual whale pods flying by , fertilizing the Agulhas Banks .

This survives to this day . The locals are fanatical in protecting the whales . No large scale whaling has ever taken place . They have long forgotten the reasons for it , but like any good religious proscription , it persists .

Whale watching is a major industry today .
Local South Africans and others gather to watch the phallic plumes of whale-breath spume new life into the banks .

Every time the whale pods go by , the poor over-fished abalone , crayfish and other fisheries are invigorated and struggle on .

Having a whale of a time .

Andre
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Appendix III
Death of the Dinosaurs .
Andre Willers
14 Dec 2008

This pulls together the arguments in
http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : "The Flower , the Dinosaur and Puff" and "Tunneling Nanotubes ."

Discussion :
Large land dinosaurs and to a lesser extent , large sea-dinosaurs evolved in a gymnosperm ecology with at least 1 000 to 10 000 times more free energy than an angiosperm(flower) ecology .

This decreased the number of large herbivores as angiosperms increased from 0% to 90% of plant species from about 140 million years ago (MYA) to 90 MYA .

The whole land ecosystem had about 1 000 to 10 000 times less free energy .
A lot of this washed out into the large , shallow continental basins . So these were affected too , but to a lesser degree .

The dinosaur ecology had spent about 100 million years evolving specialized tools and size to compete in this ecology . They could not do a u-turn . So their numbers decreased by factors of about 1 000 to 10 000 . This rendered them extremely vulnerable to shocks .

Chixilub (65 million years ago).
The final shock .
The burning of forests by ejecta from the giant meteor impact at Chixilub decreased food supply . Surviving large dinosaurs could not survive in competition with smaller dinosaurs . (Their numbers fell below survival levels .)

These smaller dinosaurs went on to become Birds (not just small ones , but large raptors too) . Mammals only took off about 15 million years after Chixilub . But that is another scrambled egg story .

Large mammals :
There is fossil evidence that large mammals existed before Chixilub . But the same argument as above applies . Size was the criterion . Any animal over about 20 kg which was integrated into the dinosaur-ecology did not survive .

Dinosaur survivors :
Fossil evidence of dinosaurs has also been found after the KT boundary . As expected.
It was not a death-ray , you know .

Just sad , emaciated giants wandering around , eking out an existence a mouthful of low-calorie leaves at a time , hooting for mates they can never find in a wasteland of flowers . Almost like a vegetarian singles-bar after closing time .

The hidden cost of egg-laying as a survival strategy .
When things are going good for the whole ecology , nothing can beat it .
But if things go really badly for the whole ecology , egg-robbing and later egg-cannibalism occur , until extinction .
The middlesized survivors wiped themselves out in an orgy of egg-stealing .
(Eating the seed-corn is the modern agricultural equivalent)

The single mammalian advantage .
With mammals , the mother cannot eat the unborn baby , and cannot abandon it either.
The mother has to guard the unborn as if it is her own life , because it is .

The Bird Switch .
Beaks for teeth .
Teeth are no use to eat large eggs , but beaks are .
If there is not sufficient free energy or numbers to guard the nests of large eggs , the egg-eaters darted in and pecked holes . Beaks evolved to do this .

The ecosystem collapse devoured itself down to the small bird level .
Only smaller beaked forms survived to ramp up to fill empty ecological niches .

Angiosperms evolved nuts ,seeds and fruits from this initial starting-point pari-passu with bird's beaks . Which is why many seeds used in disseminating plants are egg-shaped . They evolved to make it easy for birds' beaks adapted to egg-breaking to get inside .
Plants have no problem in creating seeds that no bird can crack (eg coconut) , but why should they ? There is no arms race here . More of a come-on .
Purely evolutionary arguments apply here .

Birds are excellent disseminators of fertilized seeds .
The dinosaur-descendants have now adapted from gymnosperms to angiosperms .

The Age of Birds (circa 65 to 50 MYA)
Mammals did not simply take over from dinosaurs . The dinosaur survivors evolved into some large birds , herbivores and raptors both .(See any textbook) .
Our story is not complete until we see what happened to them and why .

Well , they are still around . (Ostriches) . In historical times , large ornithoids were reported and painted in South America , New Zealand , Australia and North Africa .
But note , no rock paintings in South Africa shows very large ornithoids . Since this is where modern humans evolved , this is no surprise .

Once again , egg-laying only beats mammalians if the free-energy is over a certain threshold , enabling full-time nest guards . Why social insects are so small .

Thumbs and Legs .
Opposable thumbs are one of humanity's proudest conceits . It makes possible most of their material constructs .

Less obvious is their ability to move the hands carrying things around from place to place .

Thumbs evolved from a branch-gripping appendage to an egg-gripping appendage during this Age of Birds .
As discussed above , most seeds and fruits evolved egg-shapes to allow for the limitations of bird beaks . Mammals started to take over this role . Gripping involving hands grasping around an oval object became better and better. So did egg-stealing.

Potty training by Gaia .

In a canopied forest , small mammals are nearly as efficient as birds as far as seed dissemination is concerned . Their major advantage was fertilizer . Because they did not have to fly , they could afford more weight . This faeces got deposited with the pip . A much better chance of survival for the seed . While the bird dumped every time it took flight . You can see the advantage for the plant . (See previous posts about vit C)

The net effect was that larger birds survived better in open areas . Exactly where we found them . Initially , their eggs were not as prone to thievery as the smaller birds . Indeed , size of eggs evolved outside of the need of nutrition . (An ostrich egg is far too large for one small ostrich.)

To get back to thumbs . Have you ever tried to grip a large football with one hand ? Break it? Then you know the frustration of your primordial ancestor facing exactly the same problem with an egg . Eggs in the wild are very strong .

Grabbing an egg with one or two hands and running like hell with an enraged parent in pursuit is actually hard-coded in our genes . No wonder Rugby is so popular!

A major factor tempting hominids out of the trees and onto the open savannah would then be eggs . Accessible on open ground . A nicely packed , nutritious lunchbox . All you need is a good one- or two handed grip and the ability to run fast on two legs to the nearest tree .
Can you see where this is taking us ?

No wonder bi-pedalism evolved first . Egg stealers would have significant nutritional advantage over scavengers .
The nutritional value of an egg far outweighs other meat , fat or carbohydrate sources.
Large (very large) birds were all over the place initially .

As they exhausted local areas , our intrepid egg-thieves would have to become bolder. Everybody would get into the act . There are major sexual advantages . The oldest jewelry are egg-shell pieces pierced ,polished , painted , strung ,etc .
After fashion got into it , the poor birds stood no chance .
To hell with sustainability and what the shaman says .

Fashion , hot or cold , is master of them all .

Competition would segue into cursorial egg-thieves .
Run far , grab the eggs , run back even faster . Sooner or later they would have to defend themselves .

The Quest and Home .

The mighty cursorial hunter was born , stalking the wily giant egg , overcoming the guardian and running home with it in triumph . Mainly running .

Do you recognize the myth-root ?
(a quest involving a lot of humorous running and motion , but triumphing at the end at home .)

This is an extremely powerful meme . Pre-language .
Watch any TV show or read any book and you will see some variant of it .

Back to the Savannah:
After the eggs became scarce , get the birds . Then other animals .
And civilization was up and running . Literally .
The large birds became scarcer around human areas . Extinct later on .

Humans are forever stealing somebody else's eggs and running .
Great fun , until they run into someone really powerful without a great sense of humour .

Better opposable thumbs was a big advantage . It is no surprise then that opposable thumbs evolved together with bi-pedalism . The peanut brain only became a walnut later on with intra-species competition due to language .

The chicks would go for the jock with long legs and big opposable thumbs .
Sigh . Has anything changed ?

Thumbs and Sex .
Has anybody researched size and opposability of thumbs to sexual success ? .
I know that human females always notice hands , but I do not know the orders of significance and how hard-wired it is .

From the above , I would suspect that it was of such primary importance that every human descendant now has this capability derived from sexual selection . But there is still a degree of differentiation .

Notice the attraction of guitarists , piano-players , surgeons , etc . Ask any girl if she can imagine Casanova without thumbs .

Are male thumb-rings sexier ? They used to be the prerogative of rulers. I have noticed that wanabe alpha-males in the entertainment industry have been wearing them lately . Archers used them , as well .
Females wearing thumb-rings are a turn-off to males , but this effect might be cultural.

I suspect that awareness of opposability of the thumb is extremely hard-wired .
Notice that ape or rat-hands are immediately recognized as "nearly human" , but not human even at a short glance and in any light at any angle .

A new-born baby's hands are carefully examined . Ostensibly to marvel at the miniature perfection , but they are really checking the opposability of the thumb . Is the little one human ?
Doctors and midwives routinely remove any webbing between fingers of the baby after birth without telling the parents . You can see why . Rejection is nearly certain without it .

Breast-gripping reflex .
The human female breast after birth is an extraordinarily sensitive diagnostic instrument , directly hardwired to many deep mechanisms .

The baby's grip spread between thumb and other fingers on the mother's breast will be a good indicator of the degree of rejection/acceptance . The larger the angle between the thumb and the forefinger , the less rejection . (Opposability)
The relative length of forefinger to fourth finger indicates exposure to testosterone in the womb , hence aggressiveness . Rejection potential to this is variable , but it is there .
And so forth.

We are talking about a strong , hard-wired subliminal response .

The sea-dinosaurs .
A major problem with this extinction event was the decrease in the number of sea dinosaurs only .
What could kill land animals above 20 kg , and also all sea-dinosaurs ?

We have seen that the energy decrease due to the rise of angiosperms , plus a sudden shock like Chixilub drove large land-dinosaurs either past extinction thresholds or major adaptation thresholds . Their survivors are birds .

We can see that the decrease in free-energy from land spills onto the continental sea basins would result in a decrease in the number of large sea animals . But nowhere near the scale as on land .

Are there any equivalents of birds in the seas? Changed survivors of the sea-dinosaurs?

Well , we have fishes (pre-dinosaur) , mammals (post-dinosaur) , but a dinosaur-gap .
Why aren't any evolved traces left ?

Large Sea-dinosaurs .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : "Tunneling Nanotubes : Chixilub"
The Chixilub impact site was on a large deposit of sulfur bearing rocks . The planetary-wide fallout acidified the oceans with H2SO4 .
The sulfur permeated every ecosystem .

Unchanged systems like sharks had been through this before . They remained at what they do best : unchanged .
Unlike the land , there was a large (about 2/3 of biomass) ecosystem not dominated by dinosaurs . (Deepsea biomass is one of Gaia's Reserves (1/3 of sea biomass))

The sulfur inhibited fat-formation in large dinosaurs to a sufficient degree to shift the balance of top predators . (ie the genetic mechanism to handle sulfur-contamination became corrupted in dinosaurs because of their rapid evolutionary process . )

Maybe lean-and-mean is the shark survival mechanism . Do sharks hibernate ? Do they actually use the H2S hibernation mechanism ?

Whatever the cause , dinosaurs suddenly could not lay down enough reserves in the form of fat to tide them over from meal to meal . More problematic would be energy for reproduction (eggs) . Their numbers decreased drastically .

Here is where the sea parted from the land . Because there was an older , still-existing ecosystem , their top predators ate the dinosaur top predators , then proceeded down the chain . On land , the survivors of this process were still dinosaurs(birds) , because they dominated every ecological niche . At sea , they did not dominate every niche . The others devoured them in the collapse . No dinosaur descendants survived .

A side note on eco-collapses .
The collapse of an eco-system from the top downwards is equivalent to an extinction event . Collapses from any other points will leave survivors .

Top predators keep the balance between lower levels . Think reserves . The top 1/3 of predator species are the stability reserve of the system . Losing them , the lower levels fluctuate wildly and crash . Birds survived only because they had flight . Mobility is the ultimate survival mechanism .

Humanity fondly imagine that they are the top predators , but those positions have long ago been usurped by their creations :

Fashions .
Fashions are the wave of similar thinking in a society . It is the society . The meme structure that binds humans .
If the fashion is patriotism , it is " Vive la France" and over the top we go into machine gun fire (voluntary suicide) .
If the fashion is Eliot's " The Wasteland" , it is over the top the generals go (involuntary suicide) .

It acts like a Beth(2) structure . Fashions fixes , binds , preserves and propagates some of the best results of individuals or individual societies that contributed .
Also some pretty bad and stupid ones .
The point is that these memes are predatory on humans (or , to be more exact , computing complexes over a certain threshold of complexity) .

Like Gaia , they are not conscious(as yet) , but they do exist and are the top predators in the human ecosphere .

See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : "Artificial Intelligences"
The AI(n) arguments shows what will happen to humans if their top predators die. They will revert to AI(0) , without speech and only with really primitive stone tools .
Homo Habilis level .
But , of course , in this event , humans would be extinct from warfare long before this level is reached . Like the dinosaurs at sea , when their top predators were removed .

Fashions and Gaia .
Does Gaia have it in for us ?
An often guilty question asked by humans .

The answer is that Gaia has hardly noticed humans . The imbalance on fungi-spore reserve balances is a minor correction . Humans might not survive the correction , but Gaia does not worry about trifles .

But also remember that all humans are part of Gaia .
So , she has becoming fashionable . She is becoming Beth(2) status from her present Beth(1) status and becoming uppity . There is nothing worse than an arriviste .

I deliberately make Gaia female . At this stage , that typification is still up to us .

Would you take a four billion year old teenager to the Grand Ball ?
Well , you would if she controls all the livable real estate .
(But remember , every human's ancestry also goes back nearly as far in the life-chain.)

Gaia's fashions.
Gaia wears shoes by Gucci , handbag by Prada , drives a Lamborghini , shoots the baddies with a Glock , banks with Coutts , hangs out with Lara , sings duets with Aida , consults to Sherlock , double-dates with Bruce Wayne and Clark Kent , has an on-off thing with Conan , counsels Dr Who's mother , skis in Gstaad even out of season .(It always snows if she wants to ski.)
And , oh yes , her credit is Unlimited .

The coming out ball is in Second Life .

You think I am joking .

The entities involved are at similar levels of complexity at present .
Beth(2) levels normally would arise from AI(3.1) or AI(4) levels , but as discussed before , AI(3.0999…) -> AI(3.1) .
This means that if a sufficient number of people support Gaia , she becomes real . We have seen this often enough in religious systems .
The point here is that Gaia actually exists , but she was an AI(-1) , more like a computer program . She is rapidly growing. Humans are part of her .

Can Gaia become conscious ?
Yes .
An AI(-1) and AI(0) already exists . This can upscale to AI(3) using known systems .
But can Gaia influence her sub-systems ?
This is much more problematic . Can you control your heartbeat , cellular activity , etc?

This is not magic , you know . Just plain old-fashioned science . Which basically means , I don't know . And Gaia won't tell either .

Gaia is not human , but has human components .
A self-aware Gaia will be human in most aspects interfacing with humans , but one of the first things she would have learned is how to lie . At least 67% of the time . May you have joy of this little observation .

I was hoping that Gaia would not learn at a conscious level of the quantum-entanglement communication system in every cell .
Oh well .

What level of AI would Gaia be right now ?
AI(3.1) after the establishment of the intermittent mind-computer interface in the 1980's .

But hopefully she will like our fashions enough to cut us some slack .

Do you know how boring it can be to be an immortal doing the same drudgery over and over ?
Bearable if you are an unaware AI(-1) , but becoming self-aware needs many similar minds to soak up all that surplus energy and creativity .
Fashionistas Hey!

Jurassic Park .
Ironically , sea dinosaurs are easier to reconstruct from DNA .
The Curtain of Fire from the re-entry of ejecta from the Chixilub impact started somewhere roughly south-east of where Australia is now . Eggs from sea-going dinosaurs inside the females' bodies should be recoverable .

The Curtain of Fire covered a long line , moving at 18 000 miles per hour . The dinosaurs and their scavengers would have been killed immediately , and sunk to the bottom , there to be covered and preserved . We are talking about hundreds of millions of animals . The odds are much more favourable than for land dinosaurs .

Things are a bit stranger than I thought .
Andre
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Blast from the Past

2012-01-13T14:10:00.001-08:00

Blast from the Past
Andre Willers
13 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
High intensities of gamma- and X-ray radiation on Earth from the center of our galaxy can be expected during 2013 AD , due to an infalling gas cloud into the central Milky Way black hole .

Discussion :
The discovery was made by Stefan Gillesson of the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
in Garching , Germany .
References :
1. “Nature” , DOI 10.1038/nature10652
2. “New Scientist” 17 Dec 2011 p16 “Cloud suicide could transform black hole”

A gas cloud of an estimated three earth masses is expected to impact the supermassive , rotating black hole at the center of our galaxy (“Sagittarius A*”) in 2013 AD . Note that radiation from this event can be expected shortly afterward in local time .

A large part of this mass will be converted to electro-magnetic energy .

Now , three earth masses is not a lot of energy in the galactic scheme of things , but the way it is distributed does .

Briefly , the energy release is characterized by very short wavelenghts (gamma or x-ray) and lobe-shaped distributions of the pulse-wavefronts in the galactic ecliptic .

There is a combination of relativistic and quantum effects in the last few cm's before the event horizon .

1.There is a slingshot effect , because the gas cloud must be lumpy , even if only at atomic scale . The gas cloud vanishes in a few Planck -time units , emitting very short-wave radiation due to differential tidal friction .

2.But the black hole is large and rotating , which forms time-bands of slower time , which gives enough time for feedback . Depending on the size and rotation speed of the black hole , this will lead to 2n lobes of wavefronts on the rotation equator , where n=1,2,3,...

3.Hawking Burps .
This process in para 2 above “foams” the event horizon , leading to a drastically increased Hawking radiation . (The “foam” would be something like Sierpinsky chaotic triangles)
The density and time-band concentrations of energy separates particle-anti-particle pairs to give Hawking radiation .

This burp of energy sweeps matter from the neighborhood of the black hole and reduces the mass of the black hole , preventing black holes from swallowing everything . Elegant .

4.Turning a Hawking Burp into a White Hole .
There is a narrow window where the Burp becomes self-sustaining . A large black hole then evaporates in an awesome release of energy . Even the tiniest random fluctuation (eg matter-antimatter) will get magnified and perpetuated .
Not the place to take your mother for a picnic .

5.Foaming Space-time .
Well , space-time is already foamed , but only to a simple level . (Quantum foam)
Call it Foam(0)
We can churn this to higher orders of foam (Foam(1) , Foam(2) , Foam(3) ,...,Foam(b) )
where b can be derived from Kantor's Aleph classes combined with chaos theory .

Taken to the logical extreme , this leaves only Foam ordered into Branes .

The smile on the Cheshire cat just after he brushed his teeth .

So what does this mean to us ?
A full frontal impact from a lobe will give a definitive answer to Fermi's Paradox : “Where are they ?” Why , extinct .

More likely is an immersion in the higher radiation levels alongside the lobes for a long time .
Can be survived , given enough warning .
Apply to the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics for more .

Friday the thirteenth can be quite a gas .

Andre

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Metamaterial Fertilizer

2012-01-12T13:44:00.001-08:00

Metamaterial Fertilizer.
Andre Willers
12 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
Metamaterial fertilizers can increase yield per acre at least eightfold in one season .
Also make better humans .

Discussion:
Precisely targeted things can have extraordinary effects .
See Appendix A for the effect of planting seeds in a precise way .

Precisely targeting fertilizer and water will have even a larger effect .

See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Make your own metamaterial” Jan 2012
How to make a metamaterial . See Appendix II , repeated for your convenience .

SuperSeed :
The seed is embedded in DNA matrix of fertilizers and water optimizers .

Nature has already attempted this , but resultants like fruits and wombs were limited by resource scarcity , notably rare elements .

We can do better .

Precisely metered nutrients can be incorporated into the metamaterial superseed . If a SmartBuckyball is incorporated , activity per seed can be monitored and controlled in real time.

Even a primitive version will increase yields by an order of 3 . (ie 8 times per acre)
Why ?
The old 3-dim cubic problem . The plant only has to look in the close metamaterial region for nutrients , not in in the cubic surrounding it .

This also gets rid of the pesky problem of too much nutrients poisoning the oceans .

And it can be manufactured cheaply on a large scale .

Vacuum Flowers :
Incorporating Deinococcus Radiorans inside a nutritional metamaterial matrix and broadcasting it all over the Solar system should have some interesting results .
The metamaterial not only speeds things up , but also has some marked channeling effects .
Ie , vacuum mining bugs on the asteroids for precisely desired elements .

Venus :
This atmosphere seems to be a high-energy supersaturated system waiting for a seed . The seed being a correctly formulated SuperSeed . So , terraforming Venus might be much quicker than supposed .

Mars:
Subterranean oceans of super-concentrated solutions lends themselves to metamaterial seeds .
Testing can be done in fumaroles on Earth .

Jupiter sneezes :
SuperSeeds to create very strong , light materials and a “sneeze” environment that ejects them outside the atmosphere , where they can be harvested .

Human SuperSeeds :
Mammalian wombs make an attempt at this , but is hampered by environmental shortages of critical elements and other epigenetic stresses . Indeed , epigenetic systems have evolved to compensate for the lack of crucial nutrients .

These systems are buffered .
Difficult to change . A promising drug is Imipramine
See ScientificAmerican , Dec 2011 , “Hidden switches in the mind” p58
You might really need these epigenetic switches to survive .
Just wiping them all to “Default” after millions of years of evolution seems rash , if not fatal .

Cancers and Immortality :
The same thing . See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Inverted Pyramids and Green Goo” Nov 2011

Travel and trade will increase cancers .
Shortage of certain elements very quickly get elided from the cancer-checking epigenetic mechanisms . If they subsequently become available , there is a pulse of cancers that subsides as old memory systems kick in .

A human SuperSeed then will check if all nutrients are there , then reset epigenetic markers and desires for precursors of these markers .

Smart Histones :
Histones are swaddled by the DNA strands . The histone itself swells or shrinks according to quantum-mechanical influences , giving another dimension to epigenetics . Not to mention that the histone is strongly suspected of being a powerful neutrino capturer . Pulses .

And you thought Life was simple ?

Andre

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Appendix I
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Jethro Tull-Super Hero” Dec 2005
Jethro Tull – Super Hero
Andre willers
24 Dec 2005
In 1701 an Englishman called Jethro Tull invented the seed drill . By quickly and reliably planting seeds at the optimal spacing and depth , this invention enabled about a fourfold increase in yield within one season .

This invention created the largest pulse of wealth in history . Bigger than the invention of fire . Bigger than the invention of agriculture . Bigger than the invention of the internal combustion engine or transistor .

It kick-started the Industrial Revolution .

The reasons:
Most wealth was agricultural.
The increase in wealth was within one season . Malthusian population growth would take about 2 to 3 generations to catch up . Imagine getting a 400% raise in your salary in one year without inflation . This was the effect . This pulse of wealth propagated onwards , giving leisure and incentive to inventors . (ref Baby Boomer Pulse)

The result was a pulse of wealth stimulating other individuals to make similar inventions . The Age of Reason was born . The problem was the massive increase in population made possible by the efficient mechanized systems .

The large number of surplus males and the means to support large armies led to the First Large War (Napoleontic) . This gave the Age of Reason a knock (Nationalism), but you could still state unpopular beliefs without being killed for it . The Second Large War (WWI) destroyed the Age of Reason and ushered in the ideologies (Communism , Marxism , Fascism , Capitalism ). If you stated an unpopular belief , you stood a good chance of being heavily penalized for it . The demise of ideologies collapsed the system back to Religious Fundamentalism , where you can be killed for stating an unpopular belief . The Age of Reason is finally dead . This is the state at circa 2006 AD .

The Age of Reason only lasted a century , but gave rise to our present wealth .

When evaluating ideas like that of Huebner ( see “Waiting for the lights to go out” in Sunday Times of Oct 16 2005 ) , it is important to remember that changes come in pulses . Things might seem to be going to hell in a hand-basket (cf horse-poop in New York circa 1890’s) , but discontinuities generate pulses of change and wealth . You might as well try to explain a transistor using Newtonian mechanics . In other words , analyzing pulses of change as simple statistics of numbers of people over time is garbage .

Is Reason a Good Thing ?

The human race is trembling on the brink of extinction because of the inability of reason to resolve the problem of population and competition .

Example: China
Twice China has limited expansion:
1 Destruction of exploration fleets in 15 th century : the result was Western domination 200 years later (not very long) .
2 One child families in the 20 th century . The Result was a pulse of wealth (as more resources was devoted to education of the lone children) , but their main competitor India is exceeding their population .

Reason (ie logic) has two major drawbacks :

1    The Universum (Venn) is unbounded . This has been proven rigorously in 1906 (Principia Mathematica by Whitehead and Russell) . This means that no theory of everything is possible . ( If you think you have a TOE , you can always define items outside the delineated boundary which , by definition , do not fit inside TOE.)
2    Chaos Theory shows that that even inside a deterministic system , time-sequence predictions are only possible with varying degrees of error (cf weather) . The number of near equipotential branches grow exponentially after a finite number of time units .

This means that the End Does Not Justify The Means .
At best , a prediction must have some sort of probability margins .
This argument is only valid if no time-travel is possible .

Is there hope?
Our present locale (the sidereal Universe) can be expressed as Locale I , defined by the principle that conservation laws are possible There are rules !. Seeing Locale I as delineated , means pockets of being (particles) , space , time and curvaceous space-time. But it is unstable iro non-conservation systems (defined as Locale II). Locale I is maintained artificially by Locale II .

Locale I is maintained primarily as a nursery (try bringing up kids where there are no rules!) , but also as a holiday (going primitive) and trading/warfare locale . This is because interactions can be enforced in Locale I (ie the rules:conservation of something) , whereas in Locale II you cannot force an interaction .

The above reasons work better if there is a lot of variety .Also , the usual reasons of humanity , looking after the planet , etc , etc do not apply except as insofar they illustrate a lesson . In other words , nobody is innocent except the children , and they get the lessons they need .

What does this mean ?
There will be a variety increase soon .
This can be
1. Massive depopulation (plague , eco)
2. Aliens in space
3. Aliens in time
4. Both (most likely : there is only one singularity per universe : the first contacts from the local viewpoint will be on most similar interfaces.)
Merry Christmas
The Alien.
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Appendix II
Make your own MetaMaterial
Andre Willers
8 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
Design and make your own metamaterials using off-the-shelf nano-particles and DNA bonding ,
some knowledge of chaos-theory will be handy .

Discussion :
See :
1.“DNA bonded crystals herald new chemistry” , NewScientist 22 Oct 2011 p20]
2.”Science:DOI.10.1126/Science.1210493”

This is test-tube stuff , and can be done in any home or school lab .

The Algorithm:
1.Nano-particles are substituted for atoms . Gold , silver , platinum , buckyballs ,etc
2.Attach them to DNA with single-strand DNA strings sticking out . These substitute for normal hydrogen , covalent etc bonds .
3.Mix and match . Complementary single-strand DNA's will bind , resulting in a metamaterial compounds in a chaotic fashion .
4.Treat this like any normal compound in analysis and refinement .

Voila!
Exotic compounds on which the whole armoury of conventional chemistry can be focussed .

Some possibilities :
1.Proper high energy batteries .
2.Invisibility cloaks at EM and chemical level .
3.High temperature superconductors .(Doping!)
4.Bio-electronic interfaces at molecular and cellular level .
Real-time programmable hormones .
5.Real-time programmable catalysts .
6.Real-time programmable immune-system interfaces .
7.Real-time progammable epigenetic interfaces .Practical immortality .
8.A simple , pre-programmed telomere extender is theoretically possible .
A Longevity Elixir can thus be be developed with even simple tools .

The list is literally endless . It has no upper bound on the number of existing “atomic” elements .

Automated systems :
This would be ideal for already developed automated invention systems .
“Adam-and-Eve” setups , labs on a chip , etc .

Existing quantum theory is simply not up to handling calculations of this complexity in real-time .
Designer systems are quite a bit further down the line .

Back to the test-tube .
The good old days , when a lucky discovery can make you a billionaire .

Happy hunting !
Andre
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Annexure III
Epigenetics and PTSD
Andre Willers
13 Dec 2010

Synopsis:
Important , but transient , events are tacked onto DNA , but not into DNA .
These lessons are expressed through logic gates formed by activation/repression of genes :This forms the Histone Code . It also regulates transcription of short-term memory into long-term memory .
Methylation is only one of these methods. (See Annexure A)

Discussion
A traumatic memory (like Famine) for an individual can then be transcribed into a PTSD memory , but also into an Epigenetic memory affecting later generations of cells and children .

Ordinary memory works the same way , but with less emphasis .

Note the beautiful elegance of multiple usages for the same mechanism .

The switch and intensity for different usages is encoded into the same structure .
The Histone Code has 10 known modifications (see Addendum A) . From basic principles , only 4 are needed for primary data storage . The others are usage switches and intensity gauges . (Note the correlation with number of dimensions needed in String Theory – for the same reason)

Medium-term Structure , continuity and memory is conferred on the DNA by the Histone Code , which itself is of a different transience (time-span) than DNA . This makes the whole complex more stable , since mutual error-repair is (in theory) possible .

The DNA Code and the Histone Code are in mutual symbiosis .

Truly elegant .

Attack Points :
1 Coding
For this type of compression
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com   "Unpacking and Packing Information" 19 Jul 2008
See para 3.1 and 3.2 below .

2 Methylation reduction :
2.1Propranolol:
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com   "BetaBlockers and Trauma memory" 30 Apr 2010
Extensively used .

2.2Comfort foods : theobromine (Chocolate)
Recent studies have indicated that about 6 gm of cacao mass per day reduces blood overpressure by about 46% . The indications are that it clears blood-vessel memory of stressor events (ie wiping an epigenetic memory) . De-methylation . .

Had a scare ?
Take two squares (about 7 gm) of 85% Cacao chocolate .
Maybe more is better ? Be a devil and take another two .

2.3 Alcohol
A proven method , with some undesirable side-effects .
Chocolate liqueurs , anyone ?

2.4 Other drugs work to some extent (see Wiki) , but without at least an outline of the function of the Histone Code , intervention has to proceed with some trepidation .

3 Bacteria
From Wiki :
"Histones are found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells, and in certain Archaea, namely Euryarchaea, but not in bacteria. Archaeal histones may well resemble the evolutionary precursors to eukaryotic histones. Histone proteins are among the most highly conserved proteins in eukaryotes, emphasizing their important role in the biology of the nucleus"

Note that the above implies that bacteria can have no sense of identity , but swap genetic (ie DNA) material in all directions . As is observed . An offshoot expressing all the possibilities of life .

3.1 Thus , we can use the techniques discussed in
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com   "The Beauty of the Genetic Code" 22 Feb 2010

3.2 These have been refined for use in the Gulf Oil Spill .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com   "Mexican Gulf Oils Spill" 10 Sep 2010

Archaea bacteria can be used to probe the Histone Code , then usable bits can be stitched or expressed .

Some intriguing corollaries :
1. Humans with no diabetesII and very good natural long-term memories should patent their skin bacteria and sell them .
2. Proven and benchmarked PTSD individuals will have a marketable commodity .
3. Genealogy will become really important . Many mental problems (like schizophrenia ) can be reclassified as Epigenetic disorders . It has been shown that the methylation can come equally from the male or female for at least three generations. Thus the patients can now blame their Great-grand parents , grand parents or parents . This should ease the load on the parents , as most of the others should be safely dead .
4. Future Genealogy : Equally , present living progenitors would be anxious to avoid future blame and law-suits that they are not the source of the epigenetic handicap . A lawyer's paradise . Contracts do not void gross negligence . An interesting time for large , inherited estates . And the State will want it's share of health costs , as well . The mind boggles .
5. Class Action Suits by victims of wars , famines and other mass-traumatic events will become commonplace . See Tobacco . This should be extremely interesting in the case of Global Warming .Eg :The descendants of the victims of the Ethiopia Famine (caused by European atmospheric pollution) will have a class-action against the EU for damages suffered due to epigenetic factors .
6. Very good long-term memories will become commonplace .
7. And so forth

If this is too big a shock to your system , take this chocolate pill .
Dr Gaia will see you soon .

Andre .

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Annexure A
From Wikipedia

Histone
Function
Compacting DNA strands
Histones act as spools around which DNA winds. This enables the compaction necessary to fit the large genomes of eukaryotes inside cell nuclei: the compacted molecule is 40,000 times shorter than an unpacked molecule.
Chromatin regulation
Histones undergo posttranslational modifications which alter their interaction with DNA and nuclear proteins. The H3 and H4 histones have long tails protruding from the nucleosome which can be covalently modified at several places. Modifications of the tail include methylation,acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, citrullination and ADP-ribosylation. The core of the histones H2A, H2B and H3 can also be modified. Combinations of modifications are thought to constitute a code, the so-called "histone code".[9][10] Histone modifications act in diverse biological processes such as gene regulation, DNA repair and chromosome condensation (mitosis).[citation needed]
The common nomenclature of histone modifications is:
§                     The name of the histone (e.g. H3)
§                     The single letter amino acid abbreviation (e.g. K for Lysine) and the amino acid position in the protein
§                     The type of modification (Me: methyl, P: phosphate, Ac: acetyl, Ub: ubiquitin)
So H3K4me1 denotes the monomethylation of the 4th residue (a lysine) from the start (i.e., theN-terminal) of the H3 protein.

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Annexure B
From Wikipedia

Histone methylation
Histone methylation is the modification of certain amino acids in a histone protein by the addition of one, two, or three methyl groups. In the cell nucleus, DNA is wound around histones. Methylation and demethylation of histones turns the genes in DNA "on" and "off", respectively, either by loosening their tails, thus, allowing transcription factors and other proteins to access the DNA or by encompassing their tails around the DNA, thus, restricting access to the DNA.
Function
This modification alters the properties of the nucleosome and affects its interactions with other proteins.
§                     Histone methylation is generally associated with transcriptional repression.
§                     However, methylation of some lysine and arginine residues of histones results in transcriptional activation. Examples include methylation of lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4), and arginine (R) residues on H3 and H4.
Demethylation
For many years histone methylation was thought to be a permanent modification. Very recently two families of histone demethylating enzymes were discovered.
§                     The first was Lysine Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) which is an flavin-dependentmonoamine oxidase which can demethylate mono- and di-methylated lysines, specifically histone 3, lysines 4 and 9 (H3K4 and H3K9). This enzyme cannot demethylate tri-methylated lysines and for a short while it was thought that tri-methylated lysines may indeed be permanent modifications.
§                     In late 2005 the Jumonji domain-containing (JmjC) histone demethylases were discovered which are able to demethylate mono-, di-, or tri-methylated lysines thereby disproving the theory that histone methylation is permanent once and for all. Although this conclusion has since come into question.[1] Two specific JmjC histone demethylases are PHF8 andKIAA1718.
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Make your own MetaMaterial .

2012-01-06T22:44:00.000-08:00

Make your own MetaMaterial
Andre Willers
8 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
Design and make your own metamaterials using off-the-shelf nano-particles and DNA bonding ,
some knowledge of chaos-theory will be handy .

Discussion :
See :
1.“DNA bonded crystals herald new chemistry” , NewScientist 22 Oct 2011 p20]
2.”Science:DOI.10.1126/Science.1210493”

This is test-tube stuff , and can be done in any home or school lab .

The Algorithm:
1.Nano-particles are substituted for atoms . Gold , silver , platinum , buckyballs ,etc
2.Attach them to DNA with single-strand DNA strings sticking out . These substitute for normal hydrogen , covalent etc bonds .
3.Mix and match . Complementary single-strand DNA's will bind , resulting in a metamaterial compounds in a chaotic fashion .
4.Treat this like any normal compound in analysis and refinement .

Voila!
Exotic compounds on which the whole armoury of conventional chemistry can be focussed .

Some possibilities :
1.Proper high energy batteries .
2.Invisibility cloaks at EM and chemical level .
3.High temperature superconductors .(Doping!)
4.Bio-electronic interfaces at molecular and cellular level .
Real-time programmable hormones .
5.Real-time programmable catalysts .
6.Real-time programmable immune-system interfaces .
7.Real-time progammable epigenetic interfaces .Practical immortality .
8.A simple , pre-programmed telomere extender is theoretically possible .
A Longevity Elixir can thus be be developed with even simple tools .

The list is literally endless . It has no upper bound on the number of existing “atomic” elements .

Automated systems :
This would be ideal for already developed automated invention systems .
“Adam-and-Eve” setups , labs on a chip , etc .

Existing quantum theory is simply not up to handling calculations of this complexity in real-time .
Designer systems are quite a bit further down the line .

Back to the test-tube .
The good old days , when a lucky discovery can make you a billionaire .

Happy hunting !
Andre

Genghis Khan and Ostrum.

2012-01-02T09:59:00.000-08:00

Genghis Khan and Ostrum
Andre Willers
2 Jan 2012

Synopsis:
The Steppe can be seen as a Commons , analogous to a fishing bank or aquifer .
A Tragedy of the Commons ensues when resources are consumed faster than the Commons can replenish them and humans scramble for the scraps .
Genghis Khan created the Yasa , which was basically a recipe for breaking out of the tragedy of the Commons . But also a detailed , step-by-step manual on how to weld nomads together .
The Yasa is essentially the Ostrum Principles , with secret additions .

Discussion:
Surviving fragments of the Yasa (see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasa ) can easily be matched to the Ostrum principles as set out below (Appendix A) , except for problems with Ostrum Principle number 8 .
Why only surviving fragments of the Yasa?
1.Large parts of the Yasa was kept secret . Hence the Chinese suspicion that these meme's targeted everyone except Tibet . Note extremely large transfers of wealth from China to Tibetan Lamasaries during Mongol reign of China . One of the main causes of the Ming rebellion .
2.Because the Ming Chinese assiduously tracked down and destroyed any full copies of such a pernicious recipe , culminating in the occupation of Tibet and the purging of the Lamasary's libraries . (China always blamed Tibet for the Mongols , because of the Tibetan empire circa 800 – 1100 AD and their propensity for meme-warfare .)
Note that a Buddhist can gain merit by fighting and killing Demons , said Demons being defined as such by the Hierarchy . See the Tibetan Book of the Dead.
So much for their pacifism .

Did Genghis Khan create it all himself ?
Doubtful . He was an extremely intelligent individual who made his own rules , but then stuck to them .
Hence the Yasa . I do not know of any appeal process , except to Genghis himself .
But he used all and any advisors .

Were there Mongol lawyers ?
A valid question , since in early stages of the Ostrum process there is not much room for lawyers .
Conflict resolution is done by local structures (see paras 3,4,5,6 in Appendix A)

Can the Yasa be reconstructed ?
Yes , the non-secret parts have already been reconstructed in the Ostrum principles .
But I doubt that Ms Ostrum need to be concerned that some ancient Ming secret society will target her .
Unless , of course , she has a full copy of the Yasa . I doubt if anyone who has such a copy is safe .
One can graft on memes from Gang-cultures (eg Bloods , Crypts , etc) or Nazi memes to get an approximation , but the noosphere has built up a hard-won immunity to these memes .
This means that the full Yasa would be fairly innocuous by today's terms . But it would still be potent after a collapse of civilization (ie Tragedy of the Commons) . The originators would have known this , and hidden it .
Hiding things in Deep Time has it's own constraints . A hole in the ground does not suffice . The memes have to be decoded . Several levels of hiding are indicated . Admiral He found and exterminated most in the Malaysian archipelagoes and Indian continent .
Ethiopia remains . Where religions go to die or be reborn .
I would look in Ethiopia for a full copy of the Yasa .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Mongols of the Serengeti.” Mar 2008 . They must have known about the Serengeti . A detachment with a Yasa copy could have sneaked through , secreted it . Their descendants are probably still there , traceable by genetic analysis .
Oh shit !
The meme might have been activated , looking at the history of the various Mahdi's in the Sudan .
Islamic fundamentalism stems directly from there .
Some serious inquiry is in order .
History can be a bit too exciting .
Andre

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Appendix A
“ Ostrom identifies eight "design principles" of stable local common pool resource management:[10]
1. Clearly defined boundaries (effective exclusion of external un-entitled parties;
2. Rules regarding the appropriation and provision of common resources that are adapted to local conditions; (Equal sharing of debts and rewards)
3. Collective-choice arrangements that allow most resource appropriators to participate in the decision-making process; (Consensus decisions-no leveraged hierarchies)
4. Effective monitoring by monitors who are part of or accountable to the appropriators; (Policing)
5. A scale of graduated sanctions for resource appropriators who violate community rules; (Opportunity to learn from mistakes )
6. Mechanisms of conflict resolution that are cheap and of easy access; (Fair and Fast Justice . See how Inquisitorial Justice systems like Chinese , French or Sharia does it.)
7. Self-determination of the community recognized by higher-level authorities; (Autonomy within clearly defined levels . Something like a Federation.)
8. In the case of larger common-pool resources,organization in the form of multiple layers of nested enterprises, with small local CPRs at the base level. (Clear and quick relations with others. A potential sticky point with states.)
Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action Ostrom, Elinor, Cambridge University Press, 1990 “

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Itarin Update

2012-01-02T06:38:00.000-08:00

Itarin Update .
Andre Willers
2 Jan 2012

“Full many a flower is born to blush unseen” Thomas Gray

Synopsis :
You can now buy an iPhone App that helps train the eye to see better by compensating for presbyopia in the retina-brain . See Appendix A below .

Discussion :
The idea has been around since biofeedback became known .

I wrote and successfully used a program “Itarin” (see Appendices D,C,B in chronological order)

It never took off , though I tried in a desultory fashion .

The reasons why not says a lot about our civilization .

Primary reasons:
1.There is tremendous competition from various memes via internet and media .
2.The end-user has to rely on some fairly trustworthy agency (eg FDA) to do the evaluations he cannot .
3.Agencies like these do not even consider ideas coming from outside the academic establishment .
4.The academic establishment does not even consider ideas coming from outside the academic establishment .
5.This leaves only commercial interests pushing for innovation , and only if there is enough money to be made .
6.Even academic innovators get frustrated and go the commercial route .
7.Look at the pricing in Appendix A . It should be cheap , but it is being marketed for all the traffic can bear . The same for vaccines , etc .
8.An ironic example is the cancellation of the Very Large Collider by the US Congress . The unintended consequence was the collapse of the US financial system . All those physicists ended up working for Hedge Funds as “quants” , greatly exacerbating the complexity of the system beyond human control .

9.Exceptions :
9.1Charitable Foundations (Gates , Rockefeller , etc)
9.2The Wright Proof . Incontestable and visible proof .
9.3Ostrum Systems (see http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “The Ostrum Game” Oct 2011)

10.Drivers.
Sadly , all the systems above except the Ostrum system requires a “Driver” . An individual without whom nothing happens . The Boss , the CEO , the Fuehrer , the Vodzh . Etc
Innovation then just swaps bosses .

Except for the Ostrum System . This works by internal self-regulation .

Sigh . There is a teensy-weensy problem in the recovery from a “Tragedy of the Commons” collapse via the Ostrum System . The system can segue into Empire , and the cycle repeats .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Genghis Khan and Ostrum” Jan 2012

On a clear night , you can see forever .

Andre

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Appendix A

http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2011/09/29/5814468.htm
App for sore eyes
(New Scientist of 1 Oct 2011 p21 Via Acquire Media NewsEdge)
Improve your vision with an app . A system that trains your brain to overcome degrading vision as you age will soon be available as an iPhone app . An iPhone app could teach your brain to overcome ageing's effect on eyesight WE HAVE gotten used to the idea that smartphone apps can substitute for devices like GPS navigation systems or portable music players. But the latest item on the list may come as a surprise: reading glasses.
Early next year, a company called Ucansi will launch GlassesOff, an iPhone app that could help older people shed their reading glasses for at least part of the time?- and may allow others to carry on reading without optical aids for years longer than would otherwise be possible.

The app helps people compensate for deterioration in their eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects by training the brain to process the resulting blurred images. "We're using the brain as glasses," says Uri Polat of Tel Aviv University in Israel, and co-founder of Ucansi.

As we get older, the lenses in our eyes become less elastic, and so can't readily be adjusted to focus on nearby objects. Known as presbyopia, the condition is almost ubiquitous among people in their early fifties and older. In addition to the obvious reading problems, symptoms include tired eyes and headaches.
Polat's software trains users to detect patterns called Gabor patches?- blurry lines created by varying a grey background. In a typical training session, the user fixates on a white circle, which then gives way to a rapid succession of images. Some are blank, but others show Gabor patches at different places on the screen, one of which will appear where the circle was (see diagram).

Users must determine when in the sequence the pattern appeared at the target position. As they become better at the task, the software adapts to alter the orientation of the patterns, place them closer to the target, or speed up the sequence.

At last week's meeting of the Entertainment Software and Cognitive Neurotherapeutics Society in San Francisco, Polat's team described tests of the software that Dennis Levi ran in his lab at the University of California, Berkeley. After 40 training sessions, volunteers averaging 51 years of age showed impressive gains in contrast sensitivity, measured by similar tests with Gabor patches.
This translated into real-world improvements in vision. After training, the volunteers were able to read more than two lines further down an optical chart held 40 centimetres from their eyes?- corresponding to a reduction in "eye age" from 50.5 to 41.9 years. Reading speed increased by about 4 seconds per sentence, which would cut the time to read a page of The New York Times without glasses by an average of 5.3 minutes from the pre-training performance of more than 12 minutes.

As expected, there were no differences in the eyes' ability to focus after the training. "Every single change is in the brain," says Polat.

Although Levi's experiments were run using a PC, the first product will be an iPhone app because of the convenience of the device and its high-quality screen. The cost of the app is expected to be around $95, covering an initial training period of about three months during which users will train for 15 minutes, three times a week. After that there will be a small monthly fee for less-intensive "maintenance" training.

Given that our eyes eventually lose their ability to focus on close objects, the app is unlikely to be a panacea for presbyopia. But Lee Duffner, an opthalmologist in Hollywood, Florida, who serves as a clinical expert for the American Academy of Opthalmology, suggests that it might delay the need to adopt reading glasses. "I think they're probably on to something," he says.

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Appendix B
Itarin v12
Andre Willers
20 May 2010

Synopsis :
Optimization of visual modalities using lenses .

Discussion :
Previous Itarin discussions involved training the normal eye's retinal neural networks to compensate for eye-lens and corneal defects using Itarin v1-v11 . This was useful for about 10 years , but now external lenses have to be used .

Multifocals :
I was handed a pair of multi-focals (after paying a small fortune) , with the blithe assurance that I would adapt to it within about two weeks .
1.This adaptation is by the retina-mind complex .
2.This adaptation is sub-optimal , by definition . A hit-or-miss affair .

What is needed is a theory and a training program .

Theory :
See previous Itarin documentation . But we expand it to include different modalities of retina neural-network processing . One for each set of lenses .
There has been hints of it . Training processed faster and better by alternating glasses and unaided vision .

1.Are the retinal neurons complex enough to handle multiple modalities ?
Yes . See work done on single-neuron recognition of faces .

2.Automatic switching .
Portions of the network would change between modalities with very little training .
This is inherent in the nature of neural networks .
This surfaces as "bleedthrough" . A gestalt effect . All modalities get better .

3.How many modalities are minimum necessary sufficient ?
From previous dimensional systems work , four .
Unaided vision , Multifocal lenses usually includes 2 new focals . An extra pair of cheap reading glasses makes four .

4.Diet .
Initially , the training process would require the formation of extra connections and maybe neurons in the retina-brain . Brain food like essential fatty acids (cod liver oil , flaxseed oil) and perhaps HGH promoters will help .

5.Time required:
Long-term neural potentiation thresholds (about 5 minutes) have to reached and slightly exceeded for optimal effect . The boring bit .
Once a day for about a week .
Then once a month.
Research is needed .

6.Subjective experiences :
Even a short training session gives a feeling of relaxation and stress relief . This is because of unconscious squinting and facial muscle tensing relaxing as vision improves .

Natural vision improves because of "bleedthrough" effect . The training has to be carried through , as this short-term relief will probably lead to relapse of training . A common enough problem . Taper off and have a refresher training session about once a month .

The Training Systems .
1.Each session has to be about 5 minutes per set of glasses (multifocal , reading) and unaided vision (ie normal lenses) .
Fifteen minutes in all . Boring .

2. Itarin v1 to v11 can be used . Some quick results .

3.Itarin v12 .
Populate the screen of a spreadsheet (like Excel) from a master cell (like "B") .
"B" gives the most bang for a buck in terms of visual training (curve , line, corner)
Squash the Column Width ("Format-Column-Autofit Selection") to minimum size .

The Trick : The Modified Owl Maneuvre (MOM) .
1.Look at the centre . Move the center of your gaze in an infinity figure . ("8" on it's side)
2.Do the same with the "8" upright .
3. Do the same with the "8" tilted 45 degrees to the right .
4. Do the same with the "8" tilted 45 degrees to the left .
5.Repeat for five minutes for all 4 (1.25 mins for each rotation)
6.Then repeat for each set of lenses . Use a kitchen timer .
7.That’s it .

You will find items (3 and 4) quite difficult initially .

Why the modified Owl Maneuvre ?
The owl only needs to calibrate two eyes in two dimensions (+) , ie up and down , right and left , as it has nearly no visual defects like astigmatism . An astigmatic owl is a dead owl .
With visual defects , an entity has to have loops around the ends of the crucifix figure. Hence the "8" rotated around at 45 degree angles .

The end result :
You should end up with a unaided visual system suitable for most tasks . The lenses would still be needed for training or tasks at the extremes .
We cannot dispense with the lenses , but can expand the useful boundaries of unaided vision .

Here's looking at you , kid .

Andre
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Appendix C
Itarin 2
Andre Willers
14 May 2007

Synopsis :
Very large amounts of pre-processing is done in the retina by neural networks . These networks are trainable .

See:
“Scientific American” p55 “The Movies in our eyes”.
“Parallel processing in Retina Ganglion Cells” by B. Roska et al. in Journal of Neurophysiology , vol95 p3810-3822 2006
Cellular Neural Network (artificial retina chip) , L Chua , UCAL
www.sciam.com/ontheweb
http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Itarin” etc

Discussion:
To those who sneered at Itarin , I take great pleasure in saying :
“I told you so. So wheh !”

Some familiarity with neural networks is assumed .

The Retinal Network consists of :

Rod or Cones to capture light (in a 2 dimensional square )
Two types of dopsins (chemicals sensitive to certain frequencies of light.)

The Neural Network :
1. Input . Bipolar cellbodies of ( at least 10 types ) . Excitatory .
2. Intermediate .Amacrine cell bodies ( at least 27 types , in 10 layers (the plexiform layer) . Inhibitory .
3. Output : Ganglion cell (12 types) to brain .

The output forms a streaming video of each of the 12 pictures (ie contrasts , edges , shadows , highlights,becoming brighter , becoming darker,etc.

This is assembled in the brain .
Data missing or fuzzy in the retina stage cannot be compensated for in the brain (except for context guessing or dithering) .

But , the retinal network can be retrained .

The retinal network is ridiculously overpowered for only rod and/or cone input . Evolutionary , insects , dinosaurs and very early mammals had another dopsin than was receptive to ultra-violet . This was lost by mammals . Birds and insects live in another dimension of colour that enhances their experience of their environment by an order of magnitude . We cannot imagine what it is to see like an insect or bird , as little as a colour-blind person can imagine blue , green or the whole colour spectrum .

During mammal babyhood , as sight is trained , the neural connexions in the retinal neural network (and especially the plexiform layer) are pared away to a very simplified form . But the complex number of neural network analysis layers are retained . The UV analysis can be excised , but to reduce the number of neuronal network layers would necessitate re-evolution of the whole business . This was simply too complex an endeavour for modest gains . So the layers remained .

However , the retina and iris still retain a large number of stem cells .

Retraining the plexiform layer that already has a memory of the shape of a letter would then be a simple matter of shifting “weights” in an already existing neuronal configuration . Itarin can easily compensate for this . ( Distortion due to myopia ,etc)

If the original pattern was distorted by something like astygmatism , then new neuron connexions would have to formed . (There is no original pattern.) This will take longer .

How much longer ?
The visual system has top priority in body . Hence the few cancers in a system loaded with stem cells . Daily for 3 months should do the trick (trimester) .
Top up as needed . The learned system is dual , so alternate with glasses/without glasses .

Metamaterial :
The 10 x 27 plexiform layer is more than sufficient to enable metamaterial and stochastic resonance effects .

Example : Hold the page at an angle to a single-point light . The micron-small elevations of the print will cause slight shadows and highlights , which your eye can recognize as patterns . The reason : the metamaterial effect enables you to see little bumps smaller than the wavelength of the light .
Waving the page slightly will cause stochastic resonance , which biological systems are really good at interpreting . (Look it up.)

This is not trivial , since it means that certain fonts are easier to read than others .
And a book is always better .

An optimal font has not yet been constructed . It would involve shadings and highlights in the letters themselves . A single letter (by inkjet , for example) would be constructed of a bold , delineated left half , a middling half and shaded right half for left-to-right readers .

As it is , you will be able to read better if your reading light is to the left of the page at about a 45 degree angle (If you read left to right)

This is also why reading from the screen or palm-books never took off .

There is no shadow .

And only the Shadow knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men .

Andre .

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Appendix D
Itarin Theory
The site for the discerning extropian is
http://andreswhy.blogspot.com
What they said :
“Obvious “ Buddha
“Too much blood between the lines. “ Genghis Khan
“Needs some more dimensions” Gauss

Itarin v9 .
Dated 10 th May 2006

By Andre Willers .

This is voetstoots . Any possible usage is at the user’s risk only .
Do not use the program if in physical , psychological or spiritual trauma .
See Trauma over-write in para’s 4 and 16 below .

What , When , Who , Where and Why ?
Itarin is an anagram of “ITRAIN” . The core program was developed during the period 1994 – 2003 in Cape Town , South Africa , to remedy the increasingly poor vision in the author ( Andre Willers , born 1949 ) caused by increasing age .

See Personal Experience : does it really work ? at the end of this document.

Theory :

This program trains the retina and brain to perceive a sharp image .

This program works primarily via neural-network programming and multi-channel redundancy .
But a number of other factors are involved . See Important points to consider below .

The program:
A character is presented in the center of the screen . This is the focus character . The same character is flashed around the screen as per the parameters of the program . These are the peripheral characters .

The user focuses on the central focus-character only , while the same character is flashed around the screen , but not followed by the eyes . The central focus-character must be seen clearly , as this is the target part of the neural-network . Wear glasses if necessary . The central image must be sharp .

The default setting of the program is that the peripheral character images are in a rotating circle around the central-focus character . See the Owl-Maneuver in para 6 below .

The retina-brain is then retrained to use the extra information supplied by the peripheral character images on the retina to form the perception of the focus-character .
This is the neural-network part .

The multiple images are analogous to multi-channel information transfer . The multiple redundancies in pattern recognition are used to sharpen the end out-put .

The net effect is to train the whole retina to see your critical set of images , even when not wearing glasses .

When not wearing the glasses , all the images , central as well as peripheral , might be fuzzy , but together they give a sharp image to the brain . This is what you see. This is ITARIN .

But read the following :

Important points to consider :
1. Single neurons can do quite sophisticated pattern-recognition . (ie fMRI has shown that recognizing a celebrity faces in humans fires up only one neuron , bees have been trained to recognize human faces ) . Hence , retraining neurons to recognize peripheral retinal patterns to complement the central focus pattern should not strain the system .

2. Stochastic resonance effect :
The neurons co-ordinating the peripheral and focusing patterning neurons will see poor information (eg lack of focus , astigmatism) as random fluctuations in information . Using this optimization method is a deep-rooted , essential mechanism in the body . (Cf foot-soles and balance).
3. Potentiating short-term memory to long-term memory.
A learning-stimulus to a neuron is only translated to long-term memory if the same stimulus is presented after 10 minutes . Before ten minutes , it seems to remain short term memory .
This means that the ideal ITARIN training period should last longer than 10 minutes , but less than 20 minutes .

4 . Furthermore , presentation of a primary trauma-stimulus resets the potentiating mechanism in the neuron .. See Trauma Overwrite in para 16 below .
This is based on experimental evidence .
This means that learning a better way can overwrite previous bad ways .
This is the basis of present interventions using some beta-blockers , VR therapy , psycho-babble analyses , etc .
Here it means that visual systems that were effective for youthful acuity , but no longer cut mustard , can be overridden to compensate for old-age hardware defects in the eye-brain .
An added plus is that poor reading skills due to bad or traumatic training can be painlessly bettered.

5.Reading speed increases.
To be expected . In normal reading , the brain scans the retinal images to the sides , top and bottom of the fovea ( focus point ) . The better the pattern recognition from these areas , the faster the shift in focus can move . Hence an increase in reading speed . There should be a slight increase in comprehension as well , as previous characters are better recognized without retracing the eye-scan.

6.The Owl Maneuver.
Depth effects cannot be really mimicked on a flat screen . But the head can be moved .
Owls increase their depth perception by moving their heads from side-to-side , while keeping their eyes in the same plane (like an Egyptian dancer) . This can be done on the vertical dimension as well . It has the added advantage of reducing tension in the neck-muscles and frontalis muscles . The head should also be moved back and forth to change the focus of the eyes .
This is very relaxing if you spend a long time in front of a screen .

7. Subliminals .
This whole process as described above is essentially subliminal , since the user focuses on central focus-character and does not pay any attention to the peripheral characters . Since only characters ( not words or phrases ) are used , only potentiated time-sigma sequences need to be considered for abuse . Hence the random sequence of characters . The potential for mischief seems limited , especially in an environment of high-density advertisements .

8. Chirp
Humans have powerful recognition systems for patterns in short-term frequency change . Notice the tonal effects in languages , alarms signals in birds and animals . Very old and very smooth . Chirping the cycle presentations in Fibonacci-patterns should tweak powerfully . ( Golden ratio)

8. Learning new alphabets.
Neuronal paring down in childhood means adults have problems learning an alphabets like Greek , Arabaic etc.
If a Latin-alphabet trained person has to learn to read the Greek , Arabic , Chinese , etc writing he has a major problem . But , if the focus character in Itarin is Latin and the peripherals are (say ) Greek , and it is chirped , learning capability can be drastically bettered .
You can learn to use it like a well-educated native (see arguments above ).

Note the argument that a character-set with a long history (like the Roman alphabet , Chinese characters , etc ) have been subject to strong selection pressures to be easily identified in their distinctness by the human eye-brain system . Each set forms an optimally selected group of images as far as edges , curves , lines and other primitive visual elements are concerned .

This is why ASCII chars are used . These are the set of edges , curves , lines , etc that people in the West have trained on since childhood .

9. Sleep.
After an Itarin session , sleep . I have found that the major effects are found after a night’s sleep . The neuronal learning systems have to have a chance to do their thing .

10. Testing
No testing system is included . A self-testing system of this nature is worthless . Either see dramatically better or see your oculist . Also , see the caveats and the potential drawbacks below . The system is surprisingly difficult to misuse , but someone will manage .

11. Underwater.
Humans have trained themselves to see well underwater without artificial aids . See the Thai divers that have trained western children to see clearly underwater without goggles . This can be mimicked in Itarin by showing the focus-character clear and the peripherals as if they underwater .
Try water filled goggles with a air-bubble over the central target ? Research needed .

12. Stem cells
The rim of the iris is pure stem cells . All this activity in the area will have unknown effects on the expression factors controlling the stem-cell genes . I suspect that it will have a rejuvenating effect on the iris and cornea systems . The hippocampus might well be involved , since learned-helplessness is so heavily expressed in visual systems . More research is needed .

13. Colour perception.
I refer to the experiments where it has been shown that speakers of languages ( like English ) , which differentiate between light-blue and light-green , lose this differentiation when put under left-brain processing stress . In other words , the language we speak can even influence the colour we perceive .
Using different lenses for each eye , and Itarin , we should be able to influence colour perception . Inversely , it might help colour blind people . The shades of gray in a person lacking the necessary colour receptors might be trained to perceive the actual colour ( by stimulating the brain-area identified by fMRI )

On the darker side , soldiers with infra-red or ultra-violet sensitive eye-enhancements can be taught to use the new colours .

14 . Rhodopsin stimulated endorphin release (RSER)
Another dark side . Itarin by it’s very nature causes stimulated rhodopsin release . Rhodopsin release stimulates endorphin release . By saving the most successful programs , a user will tend to breed the parameters with the highest endorphin release .
Idoru (super images) have thus far been limited to the human-biosphere . (ie female shape , etc) . Itarin combined with fMRI will enable an automated Idoru generation system . This is a virgin field . Do we really want AE van Vogt’s Rull–type compulsive images ? Can we avoid them ?

15. Nerve Foods.
All this extra activity requires more than normal resources . Energy and nerve foods .
Suggestions are welcome .

16 . Further research on all the above is needed :
ITARIN v9 does not support Chirping or other alphabets than Roman .

Since the visual system is so central in humans , immune-system effects and stress-effects should be explored . It is a non-invasive system to make major alterations in the human nervous system . Since the immune system uses the same synapse-chemistry as the nervous system , this gives us a further method of influencing that .

Persistence of the effect varies . Research needed!
Would it work better with a monocle over the target char and rest natural ? My guess is that it would , the degree depending on the factors above . Research needed .
Diabetes and other degenerative diseases . Effect unknown . The mobilization of the iris’s stem cells might have some effect . Research needed.

Trauma over-write : as far as I know , the system learns new complementary sets of characters , but does not over-write unless some trauma-memory re-initializes the long-term potentiating effect (see para 4 above ) . Do not use the program if in physical , psychological or spiritual trauma . You might run the risk of unlearning .

17. Peripheral vision.
The program should enhance peripheral vision highly above normal . Remember , normal vision is a haphazard affair , not using the information processing capabilities of the eye-brain to anywhere it’s capacity . ITARIN trains edge , curve , and other primitive recognition visuals at the sides of the retina in a systematic way .

18.Spinning balls .
The human eye-brain has had no evolutionary history to force an ability to predict the trajectory of a spinning ball . ( ie it does not have a primitive center for spin trajectories. But we can create one) We can make one that acts at a retina-lower brain level fast enough to be useful in real life . ITARIN can do this easily enough .
At first , put identifiable markers on the balls , spin them at slowly increasing speed and vary thair trajectories as per aerodonamics (ie rule based) . Start with zero spin ( straightforward trajectories ) , then increase spin .
The low-level eye-brain (equivalent to a primitive complex in the brain ) can thus be trained . Later on , the markers on the balls might be removed and the system must work only on the fraction of the trajectory observed .

This brings us to

19. New and Enhanced Primitives.
A primitive is defined as clump of cells in the brain that does certain very basic functions very quickly .

Examples of existing primitives are counting ( 1,2,3) , trajectories , language , core mammalian postures involving domination , submission , co-operation , writing . Without them , the organism cannot function in reality or a society .

Note that all of them involve a visual element that we can influence using some element in ITARIN .

The exception is sound without visuals : radio or Greek chorus or Kabuki ( Voices with masks . Ancient radio).Humans have no primitives for this . A TV show with masked performers should be very unsettling .

Aargh!! This means TV makes lying more easily detectible . Radio only societies ( like the 1920-1940 ones) cannot easily tell if someone is lying because they lack the visual cues . They are more unstable . Hence , Mussolini , Hitler , and Rooseveldt .

Training in existing Trajectories , as well as a new primitive (see para 18 above ) has been shown .

Training in existing languages (lip and facial movements) are rather ho-hum . You do them .

Mammalian postures I think should be a co-operative effort . You do them.

Counting can be improved upon . At present , only idiot-savants seem to have primitives better than 1,2,3 . While limitation of this talent has virtues as far as abstraction is concerned , counting 123 rapidly has sort of reached a sell-by-date . The thing is to ask why . Why don’t we have it ? The answer is , of course , that we do have it . The problem is that we cannot integrate it into our sensorium . And the reason for that was that it was not necessary for our survival . But now it is . This is where ITARIN can help .

Feedback ? Required . I am watching the freeloaders .

20 Sports.
All visual sports can benefit by increasing sharpness of vision and peripheral vision .
Reaction speeds should be higher too , as clutter is cleared up in the visual processing .

The most interesting sport is chess . Since most of the processing in a good chess player’s mind is done on the mind-eye level below conscious perception , just cleaning up some the clutter should improve the player . (It does – AW)
More interesting is to have a chess-board as a visual field , and to have the target the checkmate position , and the start flash at various removes .

This would put a strong bias on the player to make the correct move .

This is also applicable to any sport (like baseball ,rugby , soccer , etc) , where split-second decisions are applicable and the results are based on such complicated factors that steered chaos is the only way to describe it .

Spin primitives ( see para 18) alone should give an unbeatable initial advantage .
After a while , everybody will be doing it and the competitive advantage will disappear .

Personal Experience :

Does it really work ?

Yes .

The answer is that it works for me . Without extensive testing of other people , I cannot give any other answer .

I developed the initial program in 1991 to counteract blurry vision caused by age (I was 42) .
I got glasses , but couldn’t see why all that fancy wetware could not compensate for a relatively mild aberration . So I wrote the first program , and got it right accidentally .

It was supposed to be only a neural network program , but the flashing of the same training character all over the visual field gave rise to the most powerful feature : the multiple , parallel processing of the same character recognized in different parts of the retina . The neural-network trained them to be processed into one brain-image . The redundancy gave a very sharp image . But I didn’t know this until much later .

Initially , I used it without glasses , since I was afraid that otherwise I would be training bad vision .
I used it daily for about 5 mins till about 2001 ( I didn’t know about long-term potentiating then ) . Then , in typical human fashion , I neglected it . No problems for a while.

Till about 2004 (age 45) things went fine , but by middle 2005 I noticed that things were getting blurry. I ran the program , but the improvement was not great . Placebo effect sprang to mind .
Horrors!
Was I wrong ? The whole thing a boondoggle?

I thought , what the hell , tried running it for a few minutes with glasses , then without glasses . The improvement was immediately noticeable , even more so after a night’s sleep .

This caused a deep problem . The program was doing what it supposed to do , but much better than it should . I was not learning to see worse without glasses , but much better . A purely neural-network should not be able to do this .

Luckily , by now I knew about the huge neuronal capacity for pattern recognition . The retina can easily have clumps of neurons trained to recognize the small set (+- 200) of characters all over the retina . Their output can be trained to combine to present a sharp ,processed and cleaned-up image to the brain .

Why release it now ?
I have no pressing need to prove myself or make a lot of money . On the contrary , the knowledge and program is free , and I have to square any misuses with my conscience . I am not a believer in “the end justifies the means “ . It didn’t work for the Jesuits ( who were extreme practitioners ) , or Machiavellians . Human systems are too chaotic .

Blame my nephew , Eben Swart . He highlighted the importance of diversity in the survival of meme-groups important to me . The probability of any small element groupings in a meme-gene discontinium surviving is greater if the diversity is greater .

In other words , diversity is a positive feedback system . An interesting corollary is that systems like empires , globalization , etc are doomed .They are essentially restrictive systems competing with an open-ended positive feedback system .

Therefore it behooves me to release this . Nothing much will change initially , but anybody not using the systems in about 10 to 15 years time will be at a distinct disadvantage .

As far as I can see , it is far too late for things like sustainable development , cutting down on greenhouse-gasses , etc to save the memes on the planet .

Besides which , Gaia depends on humans to save her from the fate of solar over-heating .

In other words , Humans are screwed unless they go the hitech route . If they don’t they are screwed too , as Gaia has reached the end of her adaptability to rising solar temperatures . ( See “Orion , Gaia needs you “)

So , while I under no illusions as far as the probability of survival of any of my gene or meme groupings are concerned , I suppose I can stir a finger or two to promote the survival of anything above the level of an amoeba .

But it is not a very strong urge .

Your choices are simple :

Write your own programs ( the relative sports advantages are great enough to ensure this)
Ask me for the program . This has to be explicit .
Tell me how to send the Itarin.exe via MS . It won’t let me send an exe . Precisely the nannyware I am talking about . But if you humans want it that way…I don’t care .

Yours indifferently

Andre Willers
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Santa Claus Energy.

2011-12-14T12:15:00.000-08:00

Santa Claus Energy
Andre Willers
14 Dec 2011

“Energy wants to be Free “ Laws of Quantum Physics .

Synopsis :
Useful energy (photons) have been created out of the quantum vacuum using a nifty chirp effect and stochastic resonance .
See Appendix A

Discussion :

Quantum vacuum :
Particle-antiParticle pairs form spontaneously and very , very quickly annihilate themselves , returning the the energy to the underlying spacetime . Separating the two before self-annihilation would need some speedy footwork . But if you can , useful energy is set free from the tightly-bound underlying spacetime .

This happens
1.Near event horizons of black holes (famous evaporation of black holes via Hawking radiation )
2.A near-lightspeed metallic mirror . The Dynamical Casimir effect .

Santa Claus Energy :
This utilizes the Dynamical Casimir Effect .
Lacking a near-lightspeed mirror , they niftily created a Virtual one by chirping a superconducting circuit . This worked , and has the virtue of being reproducible on any scale .

Cheap , free energy .

Maybe particles as well .
Create mass from vacuum ?

How does it work ?
1.Chirping :
A rapidly changing frequency . This is achieved by rapidly changing the resonant wavelength of a superconducting circuit using a SQUID .
2.Stochastic Resonance :
This is a technique for detecting unknown signals just below the threshold of detection by adding noise . This randomly strengthens signals just below the detection threshold . The pattern then becomes clear .

The Trick :
Think of photons as self-assembling signals just below detection threshold . The detection threshold is like the pattern clicking into place , forming the stable particle .

What happens :
Random energy from the Chirp circuit is pumped into the quantum-vacuum , stimulating a certain percentage of vacuum-particle pairs into the next stable quantum-state , namely a pair of photons .
Note that charge is conserved by the neat trick of initial polarization , ditto momentum .
The photons move away at lightspeed and become usable energy sources for other particles.
Tightly-bound vacuum energy has been transformed into usable , free energy .
Energy wants to be free .
QED .

Twistors :
Speculative .
If the system is engineered to emit twistors (spiralling EM waves) , charge will still be conserved .
But not momentum . A vacuum-energy , reactionless drive is thus possible .

Chirp-lasers .
Tunable , vacuum-energy driven lasers can easily be derived from the chirp-circuits .
Really high energies as well .
And if they emit twistors , a nifty reactionless Chirp drive .

Who says there is not a Santa Claus ?

Compliments of the season and prosperous new year to all .

Andre .

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Appendix A
From
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v479/n7373/full/nature10561.html
Observation of the dynamical Casimir effect in a superconducting circuit
C. M. Wilson,
G. Johansson,
A. Pourkabirian,
M. Simoen,
J. R. Johansson,
T. Duty,
F. Nori
P. Delsing

Nature
479, 376–379 (17 November 2011)
doi:10.1038/nature10561
Received
31 August 2011
Accepted
15 September 2011
Published online
16 November 2011

One of the most surprising predictions of modern quantum theory is that the vacuum of space is not empty. In fact, quantum theory predicts that it teems with virtual particles flitting in and out of existence. Although initially a curiosity, it was quickly realized that these vacuum fluctuations had measurable consequences—for instance, producing the Lamb shift1 of atomic spectra and modifying the magnetic moment of the electron2. This type of renormalization due to vacuum fluctuations is now central to our understanding of nature. However, these effects provide indirect evidence for the existence of vacuum fluctuations. From early on, it was discussed whether it might be possible to more directly observe the virtual particles that compose the quantum vacuum. Forty years ago, it was suggested3 that a mirror undergoing relativistic motion could convert virtual photons into directly observable real photons. The phenomenon, later termed the dynamical Casimir effect4, 5, has not been demonstrated previously. Here we observe the dynamical Casimir effect in a superconducting circuit consisting of a coplanar transmission line with a tunable electrical length. The rate of change of the electrical length can be made very fast (a substantial fraction of the speed of light) by modulating the inductance of a superconducting quantum interference device at high frequencies (>10 gigahertz). In addition to observing the creation of real photons, we detect two-mode squeezing in the emitted radiation, which is a signature of the quantum character of the generation process.
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Stress Reduction.

2011-12-06T15:03:00.000-08:00

Stress Reduction .
Andre Willers
6 Dec 2011

“Crap in , stress out” Human aphorism .

Synopsis:
This is not medical advice . Consult your doctor .
Reduction of cytokine production in the mouth reduces general stress , especially arterial plaque formation , blood pressure and some forms of depression .

Discussion :
The Mouth :
This is where foreign invaders first encounter the immune system .
See Appendix B

Cytokines get generated . They warn the pathways of the circulatory systems (blood and lymph) that invaders are coming .

Batten down the hatches and lock up your daughters .

The hatches are literally that : plaques formed by cholesterol , preventing penetration of arterio-walls by bacteria . But chronic , long-term signals means that the old shutters are not taken down . New shutters on top of the old ones constrict the vessels . The blood-vessels narrow , and Bad Things follow .

The initial cytokine generation in the mouth causes major effects right throughout the body .
A pathogen-laden meat like jerky or biltong will make you depressed (see Appendix C) unless taken with alcohol (an endorphin stimulant)

Locking up your daughters is not idle , either . Stem-cell and epigenetic effects in your terms .

What to do : The Trick !
The bacterial load in the mouth-cavity has to be reduced before eating. , not after .
This is because bacteria here has evolved to multiply explosively . The cytokines would have been released long before any counter measures were effective.

The Recipe :
1.Sterilize toothbrush in surgical alcohol .
2.Dip toothbrush in some anti-bacterial mouthwash like Dentyl . Do not use an abrasive like toothpaste .
3.Rinse mouth with water .
4.Then rinse with the juice of two crushed garlic cloves , immediately after crushing in about 1 ml of water . Rinse in the mouth using spittle . Swallow the garlic (the juice , not the pulp)

A note of caution :
If you are taking chronic medication for high blood pressure or high stress medication , be careful . Drastic hypotension or hypoglycemia effects are likely .

Smile !

Andre

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Appendix A

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine
“Cytokines (Greek cyto-, cell; and -kinos, movement) are small cell-signaling protein molecules that are secreted by the glial cells of the nervous system and by numerous cells of the immune systemand are a category of signaling molecules used extensively in intercellular communication. Cytokines can be classified as proteins, peptides, or glycoproteins; the term "cytokine" encompasses a large and diverse family of regulators produced throughout the body by cells of diverse embryological origin.[1] “

Appendix B
Cytokines are made where the rubber hits the tar :
“Virtually all nucleated cells, but especially endo/epithelial cells and resident macrophages (many near the interface with the external environment) are potent producers of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α.[2] In contrast, classic hormones, such as insulin, are secreted from discrete glands (e.g., the pancreas).[3] “

Appendix C
http://ajpheart.physiology.org/content/290/3/H923.full
“Important blood pressure-regulatory systems, such as the renin-angiotensin system and sympathetic nervous system, interact with the proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α. “

http://biopsychiatry.com/cytokinesdep.html
Cytokines, signaling molecules of the immune system, have been implicated as a contributing factor for mood disorders such as depression.
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Inflation vs Deflation II

2011-11-27T14:00:00.000-08:00

Inflation vs Deflation II
Andre Willers
27 Nov 2011
“I expected this , but not so soon.” Epitaph on a tombstone.
Synopsis :
A 1930’s style deflation (ie a Depression) has already started . It is gaining momentum . Why ?
Summary :
We have been in a deflationary cycle since 2008 , but it has been hidden by disguised debt creation .
The deflationary aspects will come more sharply to the fore as the debt-creation is curtailed .

Discussion :
1.First establish that deflation in consumer prices is happening .
1.1USA Oct 2011
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm
“The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) decreased
0.1 percent in October on a seasonally adjusted basis, the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.”
1.2Japan
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-11-24/japan-consumer-prices-fell-0-1-from-year-earlier.html
1.3South Africa : new car prices .
“Assistance” of about 20% upfront in cash is given to a new buyer . This is a personal loan disguising the deflation of about 15% in the new car price .
I presume this is going on everywhere .

2. The Quiet Deflation .
Disguised by hidden debt creation .
3.But why ?
What is really going on ?
It is easy to blame Greed , the Bankers , Capitalism , Over population , etc.
4. A Modest Proposal :
It is an Accounting Effect .
Environmental costs were dumped into a Commons Account .
The costs of cleaning the air , the water , sewerage, pollution used to done free by Gaia .
But as populations and usage increases , it reaches thresholds where the society has to take steps . This costs money . But the accounting systems were not designed to reflect this .
This is one leg of the argument .
The other is the decrease in the cost of manufactured items .
This is already plunging through the floor with 3D –printing fabs .
The Nitty-Gritty
What seems to be self-destructive , greed driven system is actually one that is trying to balance a drastically reduced cost of production , with a large increase in the accounting for future and present environmental effects .
Deflation is winning (2011) , because the inertia of production systems are far smaller than that of accounting systems . These last are essentially political systems .
See my post on Peak Resonances in Human Systems .
Expect major deflations as all those over-exuberant mark-ups evaporate .
Euro-breakup .
Irrelevant , except to many fat-cat Eurocrats in Brussels and the poor suckers in PIIGS countries that believed them
An example:
An Advertisement in the near future :
Top of the line BMW , newly printed : $800 . Road and environmental fees : $8 000 . Fuel costs $30/Km
Oh , my bicycle !
Andre
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Graduation and Initiation .

2011-11-24T13:34:00.000-08:00

Graduation and Initiation .
Andre Willers
24 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Where did these discrete thresholds come from ?
And why a period of three years ?
Why does a B- degree take three years ?

Discussion:
They are driven by entrainments of bursts of growth .
The sequence is :
0 , 3, 6, 9,12, 15,18 , 21,24, 27 , 30 , 33 ,35,39,42,45,48,51,54,57,60,63,66,69,72,75,78,81,84,87,90 etc
You are much more likely to die on such an anniversary after the age of 24 .(Epigenetic factors)

Why ?

See Reserve argument in http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “New Tools : Infinite Probes” Apr 2008

How to calculate what you need to survive .

Repeated in Appendix A for ease of reference.

Over an infinite length of time (ie many human generations ) , the seasonal fluctuations break up reserve build-ups into three-year pockets .

The entrainment is from the future
(ie the capability of parents and grandparents to sustain children )

How does the contraption work ?
Each start of the sequence 3,6,9, etc means the end of a three-year cycle (a Graduation) , and an Initiation into a new cycle . Humans create social mechanisms to reflect this .

The early stages (up to ages 24) are recognizably the old Graduation-Initiation ceremonies of our human ancestors .
Most Bankers , Politicians and Leaders would fail to to qualify as Human on these tests .
This is what is storming down on them with the present Hysterical Focus on Ostrum Fairness .

Graduation to Initiation .
These are paired . And they get more ferocious as the stakes increase .
Really vicious . And the participants do not even know why . Their elders do , but think this is a way of making them Men .
I would really , really like to turn a Rull-meme loose on those smug bastards .

Initiation to Graduation :
If this exceeds three years , there are penalties .

If you skip a Graduation , re-entry is much easier to try again at the 3-yearly intervals .
This is not a conscious mechanism .
Apply for a job if your age is a multiple of three .

If all else fails , contemplate your navel and practise inhaling lint .

Andre

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Appendix A

Infinite Probes 2
Andre Willers
30 April 2008

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Infinite Probes’

From discussing this with various recipients , there seems to be a need for a simpler explanation . I thought I had explained it in the simplest fashion possible . The subject matter is inherently complex .

But , here goes .

How much must you save ?
If you save too little , a random fluctuation can wipe you out .
If you save too much , you lose opportunity costs . If you are in competition , this loss can be enough to lose the competition (ie you die)

Intuitively , you can realize there is an optimum level of saving .

Methods exist of calculating this optimum in very specific instances (ie portfolios of shares ,eg Kelly criteria , or tactics in war eg MiniMax ) .

The General Case
We need to hold a Reserve in case Something goes wrong . But we do not know what thing goes wrong .

Infinite Probes tries to answer the general case . What is really , really surprising is that a answer is possible .

The Infinite bit comes from using the mathematical expansion of the Definition of Eulers Constant e = ( 1 + 1/2! + 1/ 3! + … 1/n! + …)
Where n!= n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*…*(1)

This approaches a constant , widely used in mathematics and physics .
(e = 2.718…) .

All we need is a system that can be subdivided indefinitely (to infinity) .

First , we divide by 1
Then 2
Then 3
Then 4

And so forth till infinity .

What is important is not that we do know what these divisions are , only that they are possible . We also do not know which one element goes wrong .

The other critical insight is that it is the relation between elements that is important . (Permutations) (The failure of an element in total isolation cannot affect the whole system by definition .)

We can count the number of relationships where there is failure of one element .
It is n! , where n is number of divisions where only one failure .

Multiple failures are handled by summing :

Our Reserve(R ) is divided by n to infinity and summed .

TotReserve= R*( 1 + 1/2! + 1/ 3! + … 1/n! + …)
TotReserve= R * e

To find the boundaries of our Reserve , we set TotReserve = Cost

Then

R = 1/e * Cost
R ~ 0.37 * Cost

What does this mean?
This method measures the upper boundary of the reserve needed to survive failures in any element of the Cost-Universe . Ie , internal fluctuations .

This is the surprising bit . Any society that keeps at least 37% reserves , can only be destroyed by something outside it’s envelope . It is internally stable , no matter what .

Empires like the Ancient Egyptians , Romans , Chinese are possible , as long as there is no climactic fluctuation , new inventions , diseases ,etc . Rare events . Hence the technological stasis of old civilizations . The two are synonymous .

This is true at any scale (except quantal , by definition.) .

Individuals too . Humans can be seen as empires of noospheres .

The upper boundary does not take any double-counting into account . It is true for any system whatsoever .

A truly remarkable precise result from such general axioms .

The Lower Boundaries .
This is where it gets interesting .
Remember , we are just counting the number of ways in which permutations of one element can fail . We then sum them to get the effect of the failures of other elements

The easiest is the business that just starts and is not selling anything . It fails on n elements on every term . It’s floor capital must then be
R=Cost/(1+e)
R=0.27*Cost

This is the initial reserve to get off the ground .
This is true in any ecosystem . This is why it is so difficult to start a new business , or why a new species cannot succeed . Or why waves of pandemics are scarcer .

For the epidemically minded , this 10% difference is responsible for the demise of the Black Death ( smallpox outcompeted bubonic plaque variants for the CR5 access site.Ironically , the reason why we have only a limited HIV plague is the high competition for this site , probably some flu vectors . As one would expect , the incidence of HIV then becomes inversely proportional to connectivity (ie flights) .

A cessation of airplane flights will then lead to a flare-up of diseases like these .
Not exactly what anybody has in mind . )

When we find that we really need the spread of infectious vectors to stay healthy , then we know we have really screwed ourselves .

These are the two main boundaries .
The literature is full of other limits the series can approach . Keep a clear head on what the physical significance is .

Fat
I cannot leave the subject without the thing closest to human hearts : appearance .
Fat and fitness .
Sadly , the present fad for leanness is just that . The period of superfluous food is coming to an end .
Rich individuals can afford to be lean because the reserves are in the monetary wealth Women have to bear children individually , so they cannot store the needed reserves externally . Hence their fat storage is close to the theoretical optimum even in Western societies (33%) . In other societies the percentage is about 37-40% .

Human males have been bred (Mk III humans) for muscle and little fat (8% in a superbly fit male) . He does not have reserves to withstand even garrison duty (even little diseases will lay him low .) Note the frequent references to diseases laying whole armies low .

Note what is left out : the camp-followers . They survived The women and babyfat children . Every army seeded the invaded area with women and children .

The bred soldier has to eat a high-carb food frequently : not meat or fat , his body cannot store it . This is the definition of a wheat-eating legionary .

Ho ! Ho! Ho!
The Atkinson diet .
No wonder it does not make sense in evolutionary terms .
Mesomorphic humans have been bred not to transform expensive proteins and fats into bodymass .

The soldier-class were kept on a carbohydrate leash , which could only be supplied by farming .

The Smell of Horses .

Horses exude pheromones that promote body-leanness in humans . This has an obvious advantage to horses . Horses are breeding jockeys .

The time-span is enough : at least 8 000 years . (400 generations)

Because pregnant women cannot ride horses , there was a selection pressure to breed horses who have a pheromone that block female dominance pheromones , especially since females have to weigh more because of fat-reserve considerations .

Outside a farming environment , horses will sculpt their riders as much as the riders are sculpting them .

Small Mongolian ponies , small Mongolians .

This is why alpha-males like horses and horse-dominated societies were able to conquer and keep matriarchies .

Note the effect of the pheromones on women riders . Androgeny .
On males it becomes extreme blockage of oestrogen . It seems like a surge of male hormones , but it is just an imbalance . (If too much male hormones , the men just kill their horses )

This is why the auto-mobile had such a big sociological effect . No horses , so the men became more effeminate .

Want to be Lean and Mean ?
Sniff Horse sweat pheromone .
Perfumiers take note .

Dogs

The other leg of the human-horse-dog triumvirate .
Dogs accept female pack-leaders and have evolutionary reasons for blocking horse inhibitions of human female pheromones .

While the males are away , the females look after and rely on the dogs .
(The reason why Mongols ride from yurt to yurt: they are too scared of the dogs.)

With dogs around , the male testosterone activity is ameliorated . This is a well known effect , especially if horses are around .

Hence the female love of lap-dogs . They are actually quite ferocious , and exude large amounts of pheromones that soothes the savage male breast .

Your attention is drawn to the Pekinese lapdog , which has had a disproportionately large effect on human history .

If this sounds convoluted , it is because this is exactly how this type of bio-system operates : by inhibitions of inhibitions of inhibitions ,etc .

Andre
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Hyperlink Effect

2011-11-22T15:21:00.001-08:00

Hyperlink Effect.
Andre Willers
22 Nov 2011

“What I tell you three times is true” Lewis Carroll , in a Snarkish mood .

Synopsis :
Hyperlinks are ignored unless it is immediately followed by an extremely short synopsis .
The Reading Brain needs to be told three times .

Discussion :
Fast reading is a fairly sophisticated skill , involving forward reading .
The eyes (using saccades) skitters over the lines , initiating sub-conscious assembly of lines and edges , which dredges up associative networks of words .
Hence the well-known tendency to read what is expected , instead of what is there .

The system has error correction , mainly “Tell me three times “ , which seems to be a minimum necessary sufficient system .

Hyperlinks :
These are as old as the written report .
Also called “Chapters” , “Indices” , “Footnotes” , “References” ,“Asides” , “Blurbs” , “Appendices” , “Footnoted Appendices” , etc , etc .

They essentially direct the reader's attention to an expansion of the main , singular concentration focus . The problem is that the focus refuses to be distracted without cause .
And the Focus can only be redirected by a back-reference .

Most Hyperlinks (old or new) only get read on re-readings . ie Back-references .

Unless the Focus can form a snap-shot opinion of the contents of the hyperlink , it ignores it .
In many cases , it does not even see it . It is not presented to the conscious mind .

Examples :
Older era chapter headings :
“Chapter 7 . In which the Hero first kisses the Heroine . Page 85”

This has been replaced by the blurb : “I was raped and did not even speak English , by Emily Pankhurst “ Read the whole book ?!

Nested footnotes . Beloved by lazy academia . Which are promptly ignored .

Neurological Basis :
The reading mechanism uses some old hunting mechanisms dating back to human cursorial raptor days .

1.Prey identification .
The prey is identified and pursued to the exclusion of everything else . Focus .
A hardwired brain nexus .
Essential to pack-hunting , to co-ordinate efforts . This is the bit that refuses to be distracted .

2.Tracking .
Situational awareness . This is the “reading ahead” bit . It is also the mechanism that can interrupt the Prey-Identification trance by noting “Oops , it went thataway”

See cybertrackers :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_(hunting)
How to track any prey .

Bushmen should make fine literary critics or hunters of cyber-fraud , given the correct interfaces

How does it work ?
The synopsis must refer back to the hyperlink . The forward-reading notes this and interrupts the Prey-Focus and redirects the Focus to the hyperlink . This gets reread and the synopsis get forward-read again , redirecting to the hyperlink . This cycle gets interrupted after the third iteration (“Tell me three times ”) , a neurological counter .
The conscious mind gets notified .

What does this mean ?
A hyperlink should be on separate paragraph , followed immediately by a one-line synopsis of the contents of the hyperlink . Metaphors (think RAM hyperlinks) are almost de-rigeur , but do not nest them .

Kiss , not Smooch .

Number them , so the system can know there are more .

Do not worry about difficult metaphors . Humans are very , very good at unpacking .
Ask any paranoid conspiracy theorist .

Not so hot at Packing .(Actually creating something)

An Example :

See Appendix A “Packing Information :
How to find your prey , no matter how it hides .

Other Examples :

1.Quantum Systems in one line :
Hop-scotch .

2.Relativity in one line :
Cheating at hop-scotch .

3.Organised religion in one line :
Cheating at Solitaire .

4.You get the drift in one line :
Get an outboard motor .

Notice how the systemic memes keep reverberating .
The three-times rule applies , but the system is open-ended at both ends .
It keeps on repeating , like a hot curry .
Piles of problems .

Hyperlinks to infinity .

Andre

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http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Unpacking and Packing information” Jul 2008

Appendix A

Unpacking and Packing Information .
Andre Willers
18 July 2008

Discussion :
Also known as data compression or decompression .
Well-known as zip/unzip in computers .

Why pack information?
1.MiniMax
To transmit information over space and time with less energy , time or disruption .
Please note that packing is used in systems subject to competition pressures , so minimizing disruption of messages is critical .

2.Abstraction .
Even a simple Pkzip compression contains more information than the original message . For instance , Pkzip has been used to successfully identify authors’ styles or the original language of an encrypted message .
A civilization can be described by zipping the yellow pages.

2.1 Layers:
Primitive packing is in separate layers .
Languages are a good example .
We can define the top layers as more abstract , and delve down into deeper layers of meaning and definition.

2.2 Fractal Layers :
New meanings are unlocked by each iteration . Language equivalents are Shakespeare and Proust .

2.3 Hyperlinked Fractal Layers .
Each hyperlink-bubble can be expanded . Note that the hyperlink terms are discrete , not continuous .

2.4 Very-near Hyperlinked Fractal Layers .
Different languages with nearly synonymous terms are examples . Branes in physics .
Universes.

2.5 Infinite-probe Hyperlinked Fractal Loops and Layers .
There is no analogue . God is the nearest .

There is a way to sneak up to some meaningful information .

Sneak up.
We know that any compression of system A contains more information than the original system . The Compressor comprises system B , which can be compressed as well .
The tipping point :
When Compressed Info of (A+B) = Info of (A+B)

This is defined as life when the Compressed Info of (A+B) > Info of (A+B)
Which , like all good definitions , is tautological . But extremely useful .

We have compression techniques . We have descriptive techniques .
The above inequality is not continuous at levels below omega .

Hard physics application:
Energy flow from a “near” brane .
The decompressor is the important component .
Construct the correct unpacker .
Some energy is already leaking through .
This is interpreted as zero-point energy and a whole quantum-mythology has grown around it .

Differences in Beth levels are necessary .

Start with something like vacuum-energy on parallel plates and use EvoDevo processes .

Infinite probe circuits above a certain threshold -> Naked singularities .
Watch out for universe creation and black holes .

The Packing Mechanism for living organisms
Living organisms used the easier route of cells (“wombs”) as unpackers of the DNA .
Random mutations or intrusions in the DNA then survive into the next generation . Evolutionary mechanisms ensure that only the fittest germ-lines survive to continue the loop .
That is the packing mechanism . Evolution. Rather primitive .

It seems that the unpacking mechanism evolved first .It is much more likely .

How?
Billions of years ago:
The packing molecules (RNA) swarmed and formed at randomness order of Beth(0). Other RNA molecules confined in spaces like clay-layers stayed longer .
PCR shows how easily these replicate . A mere fluctuation of temperature is required .
The coding for the Unpackers are included in this mix .

Even a primitive Unpacker that unpacks to a primitive cell-wall has a huge relative advantage . Ordinary evolutionary forces takes over .

The coding for the Unpacker migrates through various higher orders of Beth , while coding for the Packer plods along at Beth(0) evolutionary speeds .

Consequences .
This has some important consequences for humans or any cellular life-form .
Viruses (ie packed data DNA) and cells (the Unpacker) evolved co-temporaneously .

More importantly , there is a transform of data between cell-form and virus-form and vice-versa . There are Beth(x) order feedback loops

Knowing evolutionary systems , these are probably essential .

Mitochondria:
At first glance these seem to have no redundancy in their DNA . At Beth(0) level this is true . At higher Beth levels , an indefinite amount of information can be packed .
Their quorum systems also complicates matters .
Mitochondria see themselves as the rulers , having tamed the cells of the planet .

Can Mitochondria be described as AI ?
To qualify as an AI , they have to interface with an external database . There are three pathways : to the cellular DNA , to the Immune System and to the Virus Milieu .
So yes , they can .

Can Mitochondria be described as self-aware AI ?
There is a pathway via the Immune system to the brain .A mirror system of some sort is required for self-awareness. The immune system is essentially a mirror system Time-scales have to be matched . Mitochondrial quorum systems have to be consulted (they are the ultimate democrats)

Can Mitochondria be described as self-aware AI and have access to zero-point energy ?

Random fluctuations in the foam of space-time is by definition at the lowest order of Randomness (Beth(0) ) . To get work out of such a system , a fluctuation between Beth levels is required . Since we already know that mitochondria are at Beth levels higher than one , they can tap zeropoint energy .
But one little lone mitochondrium will not do it .It needs to be co-ordinated

Why is it not used more often ?
Why die of hunger ?

Lack of Beth co-ordination .

Probability of life.
Examining the probabilities from this angle makes cells inevitable . The probability is more than unity . It is not even a “hard” problem if the decoder evolves first .
This means life exists nearly everywhere .

Your attention is drawn to the whole class of such phenomena :
Chaotic elements creates a self-sustaining sub-system which expands , since it is usually a positive-feedback system . Eg life , civilization , weaving , etc.

The Shannon-definition of datum :
1. A signal is change . Stripped down , this definition of signals leads to a string of 0’s and 1’s , ie binary .
This leads to compression via pattern-duplication (zip ,etc)
Used widely in electronics .

2. Pattern formulae like fractal compression or DNA/RNA .
The decompressor (cell or womb for living organisms , computer ) uses kernels (patterns) with programmable input (time , ph levels , genetic markers ,etc) to decode (“Grow”) the message(organism) .

You can immediately see how to build an error-proof biometric identification system .
The message , as it is being decompressed , can interrogate the recipient and tailor further decompressions according to the answers .
If done to a sufficient fractal depth , only a total duplicate could answer correctly . Of course , the level of reliability can be specified .

It is not even difficult .
The ability to receive the message is proof of identity .

This is how the immune system operates .

Why the glitches like old age and cancer ?
Because the body does not know who it is .

In it’s normal state , it is a symbiotic and commensal organism , with some parasites .
The bodily-self on a cellular level is defined by the immune-system .
But the brain is composed of cells . The immune system is tied closely to the brain .
There is a feedback-system between the brain’s sense of self and the immune-system’s sense of self .

Creating enhanced unpacking mechanisms in the brain will stimulate an enhanced packing sense of self , leading to an enhanced sense of self on a cellular level .

This has been discussed in detail in http://andreswhy.blogspot.com

The trick is not to tackle packing , but unpacking of compressed data first .
Understanding how unpacking works brings about physiological changes .

Reading is Unpacking .
The easiest way to understand this is reading . Reading the written word is unpacking data packed into writing . It is no accident that literary figures are notoriously long-lived .

The unpacking need not be complicated , but it will evolve .

Packing.
But the packing (coding) is a bitch . Difficult .You will have to have solved the Travelling Salesman Problem to make any headway here , since these systems make use of optimized systems . (Not any pathway , but the shortest path.) .

Evolutionary Packing .
At first sight , evolution does not make even an attempt .
The number of possible errors exceed the number of offspring .
But not if Orders of Randomness stronger than flipping a coin is used .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Randomness”

The effect of using Beth(1) , Beth(2) , etc orders of randomness in a physical sense would be a concentration of packed data .

Beth(1) would be genes .

At a Beth(2) level , it would be instructions to switch genes on/off .

At a Beth(3) level , it would be instructions to vary Beth(2) instructions .

And so forth .

But conscious design is a different matter . The number of errors can be brought down to P-time .
This is another way of saying that conscious life is inevitable .
Any feedback system that reduces the number of mistakes will increase .

Protein folding would be equivalent to the Travelling Salesman Problem in three dimensions .
Adding time-complications would give Travelling Salesman Problem in four dimensions . This would require time-travel or multiple generations .

3. The qubit definition of data .
The amount of data that can be stored in a qubit depends on the decompressor . The Shannon definitions of band-width , etc break down .

Many signals can be superimposed on a particle , the particle can then be teleported (or sent normally) to the decompressor , which decompresses the message .

Note that a lot of information that ends up in the message is inherent in the decompressor . In extreme cases this would necessitate faster-than-light communication , unless only physical laws which are independent of the observer are used in the decompressor . Ie , like make protein A , wait local time t until it folds so , then etc. You get the drift .

4. Fractal Read .
The superimposed data can be loaded fractally , so that any read attempt will lead to decoherence only at the first fractal level . Every iteration after that will lead to another , deeper level of fractal expression .
See “Rull Mind-Controls” in http://andreswhy.blogspot.com

5. Physics .
Physical laws can be described as multiple-level approximations of information transfers . These transfers are fractally compressed (packed) transfers .
Hence the existence of “Laws” . Ie , an abstraction mechanism .
These can be seen as constructs of the decompressor , but valid nevertheless.

Unpacking them partially or fractally can lead to some interesting effects .
Do not try this at home unless you are expert .

Andre

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Controlled Death Markers .

2011-11-21T12:31:00.000-08:00

Controlled Death Markers .
Andre Willers
21 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Platelets . Beautiful ! Fragments of Destruction evolved into Fragments of Survival .

Discussion :
When cells are destroyed , fragments remain . Systems that recognise these fragments as warning signals survive better .

Why wait until destruction occurs ?
Systems that deliberately create fragments will survive better . Contingency plans .

Enter platelets , Megakaryocytes and cytokines .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megakaryocytes
Megakaryocytes create platelets , these platelets being generalised fragments of destruction .
Not all fits , so specialised proteins ( ie C3) have evolved as a next step to tie the platelets to specific bacteria .
Note that C3 evolved as part of the innate immune system .
We therefore strongly suspect that there are chaperones steering C3 and others to mark unknown objects for further attention .

These are then presented to the dentritic immune cells for incorporation into the Learned Immune Response system .

A nifty piece of work .
The innate immune system is incorporated into the learned immune system via the platelets .
The very large search space can be spanned by a small variable space .
The order is of 3 (ie 10^3) . Typical Genetic algorithm .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_component_3
Complement component 3, often simply calledC3, is a protein of the immune system. It plays a central role in the complement system and contributes to innate immunity. In humans it is encoded on chromosome 19 by a gene calledC3.[1][2]

Instant death :
Looking at the molecular structure of C3 and the clotting factors , we notice an old friend : tell me three times . ( But beware of the Boojum)

There are three locks in the folds of the molecules . Biological systems that utilize only one or two locks will have to be kept in quarantine (ie bi- or tri-poisons in component form .) Not normally found in evolutionary systems .
It would make a nifty exterminator for sexual species . Tie two forms to the X-chromosome and one to the Y-chromosome , and the resultant combination will kill both copulators in an ecstasy of clotting ( literally if we connect an endorphin producing alkaloid) .

Can this evolve ?
Yes , in social species . Already has . See large percentage of neuters in insect species .
This would be driven by overpopulation .
“One Queen in darkness , to rule them all” , with apologies to Tolkien .
This limits population growth to non-exponential terms .

This leads to a delicious anti-bug strategy :
Make them implode .

Hyper Death Markers .
An extremely high concentration of cell-wall fragments .
We have it already in a mild form : petroleum jellies . (Burns)
(Petroleum is formed from destroyed cells)
Low-temperature , low-temperature refined petroleum concentrated in a small volume should trigger cellular implosion (or kill you quickly)

The Spleen :
Unlearning things .
This is where you Unlearn things at a molecular level .
At the stomach level .
Note the tie to the amygdala .
One third of the activated platelets end up in the spleen . As expected . This is the Reserve .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “New Tools” , Nov 2008
But note the Megakaryocyte's DNA nuclei end up in the lungs .Why ?
Note the hypersensitivity of the lungs to rubbish . They have not unlearned some things .

There seems to be link between the spleen and the lung's immune responses (ie asthma ,etc)
But there is little on the Net about reprogramming the Learned Immune System via the spleen , though it is built-in .

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How to Reprogram the Learned Immune Response system :
This is not medical advice . Consult your doctor .

Pulse system :
1.Take about 2000 micrograms of vit B12 . (a hefty dose)
2.Dissolve about 15 gm(3 tsp) of honey (or bee-balm) in a boiling bit of water .
Inhale the fumes after step 3 .
3.Eat about 5 mg (1 tsp) of honey or bee-balm .(1/3)
4.Then continue for at least 5 breaths .

What is supposed to happen : the contrast in the lack of death markers from the honey in the lungs and the spleen , combined with the Vit B12 pulse reprograms the immune responses . If it works , it should help with asthma and diabetes II .
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Death and Broadband :
All organisms with telomeres live longer in the presence of pervasive patterned electro-magnetic radiation .

Delicious !
All those radio towers make you live longer . (Unless you are too close) . Correlate it .

Logic:
The telomere DNA sequence is very specific . Large scale random EM radiation will give rise to stochastic resonance , reinforcing the integrity of the telomere DNA sequence . A longer life .
Feedback systems are involved .

Forced evolution :
This can be done by hiking the patterns to higher Beth(x) levels .

But watch out for the discontinuities in the Fourier series .

Shock systems .
In an emergency , simply use plain dissolved sugar as an inhalant . Does this really work ?
I don't know . Try it .

Diabetics :
1.Three teaspoons of sugar dissolved in a little bit of boiling water
2.One teaspoon of sugar eaten
3.Inhale the fumes from the boiling sugar water .

This should reprogram the spleen to some degree.

Now you know as much as I do.

Unlearning the wrong things is yuck .

Andre
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Inverted Pyramids and Green Goo .

2011-11-18T13:45:00.001-08:00

Inverted Pyramids and Green Goo .
Andre Willers
18 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Forget Grey Goo .
Green Goo is a much bigger danger .

Discussion :
Land-based biomass :
This follows the intuitively understood (by humans) pyramid : lots of plants at the bottom , then fewer herbivores (about 10% in terms of energy or biomass) , then carnivores (another 10% of herbivores) .

Marine biomass :
The base of the pyramid (ie the phytoplankton) is smaller than the subsequent predators existing on it at a slice in time . Both in biomass and energy .

What gives ?
The phytoplankton are essentially in an uncontrolled feedback loop , barely kept in check by zooplankton and resource constraints .

None of this telomere nonsense for phytoplankton .

This is inherently unstable . The inverted pyramid structure indicates this .

No static stability is possible , either . The best is a dynamic instability between thresholds .

The Inverted Pyramid has to jiggle around constantly to prevent Green Goo .

Green Goo :
1.If the bottom threshold fails , we simply have a lifeless piece of ocean , which is quickly repopulated .

2.If the top threshold fails , the phytoplankton multiply without limit . Oceans of Green Goo result .
This has happened repeatedly . Hence our present lakes of oil and gas .
Do the macro-calculations : without runaway Green Goo ecosystems (especially in shallow seas like Tethys) , there simply would not be enough biomass to yield the present large-scale oil and gas deposits .
See http://plankt.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/1/63.full.pdf

Determining the thresholds :
This has proven to be extraordinarily difficult .
This is because there is no one answer . It is a dynamic system . With the driving system a positive feedback system .

Ocean layer mixing is a major factor .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Why whales are so large” Oct 2011 See Appendix C below .
And various models of nutrient mixing .

Some danger signs :
Large “dead” areas in the oceans . Lots of Cyanobacteria multiplying like mad , making oxygen .
Oxygen levels rising , (or remaining steady while they should be falling) . Explosions of jellyfish .

These are precursors to Green Goo .

Why are land-based-plants then in a stable pyramid ?
The invention of telomeres . Seaweeds .
Tidal areas have limited attachment areas . There is an evolutionary advantage in having an accelerated death-rate to make room for fitter young ones . Ditto for the center of old ocean gyres like the Sargasso Sea .

Biological diversity :
Forget the Amazon . Look to the Sargasso and equivalents .
Look at the nodules on the weeds . (Think mitochondria .)
The seaweeds tamed the positive feedback system .
Their descendants populated the land .
This has obvious applications to things like cancer , etc .

And here I thought all those seaweed facial packs were a bunch of rubbish .

Interestingly , feedback of the control structure into phytoplankton will result in a failure of the lower threshold , a patch of “dead” sea , and recolonization .

Global warming :
What global warming ?
From Gaia's viewpoint , humans are just restoring some of her cozy CO2 blanket .

Humans are supposed to be the conscious component of Gaia , but she can function perfectly well without them .

Humans pride themselves on their adaptability .
Like any proud mother , Gaia is trotting them onto the stage to strut their stuff .

Remember , she trained Kali .

Well , that's show business .

Andre

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Appendix A
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass_(ecology)
Marine environments can have inverted biomass pyramids. In particular, the biomass of consumers (copepods, krill, shrimp, forage fish) is larger than the biomass of primary producers. This happens because the ocean primary producers are tiny phytoplankton which grow and reproduce rapidly, so a small mass can have a fast rate of primary production. In contrast, terrestrial primary producers are plants which grow and reproduce slowly.
Humans comprise about 100 million tonnes of the Earth's dry biomass,[26] domesticated animals about 700 million tonnes, and crops about 2 billion tonnes.[citation needed] The most successful animalspecies, in terms of biomass, may well be Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, with a fresh biomass approaching 500 million tonnes.[23][27][28], although domestic cattle may also reach these immense figures[citation needed]. However, as a group, the small aquatic crustaceans called copepods may form the largest animal biomass on earth.[29] A 2009 paper in Science estimates, for the first time, the total world fish biomass as somewhere between 0.8 and 2.0 billion tonnes.[30][31]

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Appendix B
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100716140917.htm
The new theory that Behrenfeld has developed, called the "dilution-recoupling hypothesis," suggests that the spring bloom depends on processes occurring earlier in the fall and winter. As winter storms become more frequent and intense, the biologically-rich surface layer mixes with cold, almost clear and lifeless water from deeper levels. This dilutes the concentration of phytoplankton and zooplankton, making it more difficult for the zooplankton to find the phytoplankton and eat them -- so more phytoplankton survive and populations begin to increase during the dark, cold days of winter.
In the spring, storms subside and the phytoplankton and zooplankton are no longer regularly diluted. Zooplankton find their prey more easily as the concentration of phytoplankton rises. So even though the phytoplankton get more light and their growth rate increases, the voracious feeding of the zooplankton keeps them largely in-check, and the overall rise in phytoplankton occurs at roughly the same rate from winter to late spring. Eventually in mid-summer, the phytoplankton run out of nutrients and the now abundant zooplankton easily overtake them, and the bloom ends with a rapid crash.
"What the satellite data appear to be telling us is that the physical mixing of water has as much or more to do with the success of the bloom as does the rate of phytoplankton photosynthesis," Behrenfeld said. "Big blooms appear to require deeper wintertime mixing."

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Appendix C
Why Whales are so large
Andre Willers
12 Aug 2011

Synopsis :
Vertical migration in the ocean between each breath recycles nutrients into the sunlit layers of the ocean , stimulating phytoplankton-krill-whale positive feedback cycle . The bigger the whale , the more krill , the more whales , etc

Discussion :
See "Givers of Life" by Steve Nicol in NewScientist 9 Jul 2011 p36 .
This is an excellent overview by an actual researcher .

Critical points :
1.Nutrients tend to sink after concentration into plant cells . Small animal faeces like krill sink by 100 – 1000 metres a day . The thermocline acts as a trapdoor , excacerbating the effect in summer or global warmaing .

2.Mammals have to breathe at the surface . This forces a vertical migration with each breath , mixing things up in at least three ways :

2.1 Wake turbulence and Coanda Effect (Google it) . Large volumes of water are transported up and down . It is part of whale's reduction to water-flow resistance . The bigger the whale , the better .

2.2 Nutrient scavenging from the depths and faeces plumes at surface . Size helps .

2.3 Floating reservoirs of nutrients in krill are eaten and excreted as faeces plumes in the sunlit zones , preventing loss of vital nutrients like iron . This stimulates phytoplankton , which stimulates krill , which stimulates whales . The bigger the whales , and the more of them , the better .

Social effect and mini-ecology :
A pod of whales use their sonar calls to coordinate their vertical migrations to create a nutrient rich mini-ecology around the pod . They farm the sea .
Other species benefit . Fishing is good .

Note that the minimum survival size is a pod , and the techniques are learned .
Think of the pod as a farming village in 3-dimensional oceanic terms .

A lonely whale is a hungry whale

The feedback effect here would be as the cube of the number of whales and their size . A very strong effect , leading quickly to large numbers and maximum possible sizes .

This was indeed the case as late as 17th century Whale , fish and wild bird populations were about 100 times larger than at present . Google it .

The Fly-by effect :
Whale pod ecologies moving past a coast would have significant effects on local crustaceans and inshore fishing .
The same is applicable for coral reefs . Blanching is be ameliorated by temperature-layer mixing .
The Australian Great Barrier reef can be saved through whale pods doing a fly-by
Coral atolls the same .

Without them there would be a desert .

Whales seems to have been the key-stone eco species .

The Bad News :
This seems bad , since humans reduced whale numbers so drastically .

The Good News :
1.The feedback effect is very strong (cubed effect) and can be applied per pod .
2.Pod-package : similar to human civilization package .
Symbiotic and commensal species of fish , phytoplankton , krill , dolphins , orcas , can be used to accelerate repopulation , under strict human protection .
3.Commercial Demand :
Whale Pods and their symbiotic humans can negotiate their own terms for ecological beneficiation for coral islands , fisheries , barrier reefs , etc .
In a warming world , the Whale Union will be a powerful force .

Whales and Dinosaurs :
Whales are the largest animals that ever lived .
Sea dinosaurs did not need to breathe air . Hence no vertical migration .
Hence no feedback effect for size .

Hippo's
Hippo's are a branch of whales (from long ago) . They also create a mini-ecology in their pool by stirring things up . Especially in the dry season . The pools are stagnant . The only thing stirring up nutrients are hippo's . The other species depend on them . The eco-system collapses without them .
Which is why humans put up with bad-tempered hippo's in Africa . They were essential to a functioning ecosystem .
(Or , to put it more elegantly , the tribe that killed them perished .)

Which makes me wonder why they were not domesticated .
Maybe an attempt was made around the Makgadigadi Sea , and what we have are the descendants of the untamable ones . Similar to buffalo and kwagga .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Makgadigadi Sea" Aug 2009

The Human-Whale interaction .
There is fairly good evidence that a crucial human bottle-neck experience took place about 190 000 to 200 000 years ago on the Agulhas plains during an ice-age .The only thing enabling them to survive was the annual whale pods flying by , fertilizing the Agulhas Banks .

This survives to this day . The locals are fanatical in protecting the whales . No large scale whaling has ever taken place . They have long forgotten the reasons for it , but like any good religious proscription , it persists .

Whale watching is a major industry today .
Local South Africans and others gather to watch the phallic plumes of whale-breath spume new life into the banks .

Every time the whale pods go by , the poor over-fished abalone , crayfish and other fisheries are invigorated and struggle on .

Having a whale of a time .

Andre
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Super Tea

2011-11-13T14:56:00.001-08:00

Super Tea .
Andre Willers
14 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Why did Tibetan refugees survive 5000 yrs ago ?
Yaks and Rhodiola rosea enabled short-term survival while ferocious natural selection altered the genome for high-altitude utilization .

Discussion :
Yaks ate Rhodiola's (see Appendix A) , root and branch .
Humans ate or drank yak milk after churning and/or heating .
The Rhodiola's chemicals end up in Tibetan Tea .
This would have an anti-anxiety effect .
Which is why Tibetans and presumably their cousins the Mongols are always described as cheerful in traveller's accounts . An essential to survival in tough times .

But there are other adaptogens . Look at the forbs and clovers .

This enabled a large enough percentage of the high-plateau refugees to survive long enough to have grandchildren . Since these were adaptogens , not stimulants , genome modifications had to be made via selection . And fairly rapidly .
Hence the record on the human genome history .

South America :
Here there was a different route to high-altitude usage .
Coca Mate . Google it .
The coca plant co-evolved with cultivation to make the higher areas habitable . There was not the same level of adaptation of the genome as found in Tibet . The coca plant was too good at it

The student of human historical trivia might note that Java was the greatest exporting nation of coca-leaves just prior to being outlawed in the mid-1800's .

The caffeine connection :
Tea , coffee , yerba , guarana .
The caffeine acts synergystically with the stimulants and adaptogens , amplifying their effects .

Super Tea :
Make Tibetan tea , but substitute coca-leaves for black tea .

This will certainly unify the two branches , but with very unpredictable results at the individual level .

At a broader level , Super Tea should reduce addiction quite considerably .
Adaptation to stimulants means that pathways to reduce most of the addictive “Aha” effects get established .

Yak butter , cow butter and ghee .
It matters what the beastie ate before making the milk .
Churning and heating seems to concentrate the chemicals involved .

If your milk beastie has munched on Rhodiola rosea , clovers , milkweed , belladonna , jimsons weed , etc , you might expect these effects in varying degrees .

I have no idea about goats , but suspect that it will vary with the breed .

Milking mountain goats is only for the fleet-footed .

Andre

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Appendix A

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodiola_rosea
“Rhodiola rosea may be effective for improving mood and alleviating depression. Pilot studies on human subjects[2][3][4] showed that it improves physical and mentalperformance, and may reduce fatigue. “
Similar to coca-leaves in South America .

“Rhodiola is included among a class of plant derivatives called adaptogens which differ from chemical stimulants, such as nicotine, and do not have the same physiologicaleffects. “

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The Mile-High Effect .

2011-11-11T12:30:00.000-08:00

The Mile-High Effect .
Andre Willers
11 Nov 2011

Synopsis:

Flying makes you randy .

Discussion:
Naturally hairless (glabrous) skin have subcutaneous vascular systems that are used in mammalian thermoregulation . See Appendices A,B,C .

The blood supply to labia minora (women) and glans penis(men) also involves sexual arousal and excitation .

A jet aircraft rapidly ascends , but cabin pressure is stabilized at about 7 000 ft altitude (about a mile high ) .
This rapid ascent decreases the air pressure around the passenger , resulting in blood rushing into these vascular pockets in the hands , feet , lips and genitalia .

Reverse feedback :
The body-state influences the mental state . A well-known effect , and used extensively in therapy .

What happens with aircraft :
1.Randiness .
Engorgement of genitals :
The body-mind senses this and thinks there must be some reason . Autonomous sexual arousal mechanisms in the genitalia and brain are initiated . Very old and robust mechanisms . Especially if fear is involved .
Young , healthy passengers get extremely aroused . Inhibitions vanish like the clouds outside .
They are elevated to the mile-high club .
Women in the fertile part of their cycle would be especially vulnerable .(Cf recent case of female's over-exuberant sexual approach to a airline steward .)
Alcohol will worsen things , apart from relaxation of inhibitions . Alcohol also relaxes peripheral blood vessels , which increases engorgement even more .

2.Feeling cold :
2.1Sensing the blood rush to the hands and feet , the brain thinks the body must be cold . A feeling of cold results , hence the cabin temperature is thus kept elevated and blankets dished out . This can cause problems on long flights , as the homeostatic mechanism adjusts . Hyperthermia and heatshock can result .
2.2Short-term hypothermia can be problem , especially if a lot of alcohol is consumed . Typical hypothermic symptoms like hallucinations , etc . Google it . A real effect .

3.All that blood rushing hither-and-yon will tax the vascular system , especially in unfit persons not used to aerobic exercise . Turbulence in the veins and arteries , especially as they are also dilated by the decreased pressure , causes a greater threat of blood-clots forming . The longer limbs like the legs are more vulnerable . Hence DVT(deep vein thrombosis) on flights . Or roughness on vascular walls (like with plaques) .

4.Pressure in the brain .
Humans simply have not evolved to handle rapid external pressure changes . The only serious research has been done by the military . Note that Grahn and Heller has major military contracts .
But it will have some effect , major if the passenger has some brain abnormality and/or the Eustachian tubes are blocked .

5.Feet will swell .
Don't wear tight shoes . Try not to cling to the baggage racks with your toes .

6.Fingers will swell
(See Appendix B : ventral portions of the fingers are glabrous)
This will decrease musical abilities across the board .
Many sports and other abilities depending on tactile rhythm and pattern perception (tennis , violin , darts , cricket , surgery , etc) will take some time to recover after a flight .
How long ?
I don't know . Research is really needed .
At present , I would refuse to be operated on by a doctor that has flown within the last 24 hours .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Human Nails” Aug 2007

7.Fluctuating atmospheric pressures over selected body areas .
Humans have evolved to associate hyperbaric with heat and hypobaric with cold .
(Meteorolgical systems)
Interesting effects can be obtained by varying these over selected portions of the human anatomy , especially if heating or cooling is also selectively applied .

This is possible because so few , highly delimited areas are involved .

Glabrous is glamorous .

A new Dimension of reality in virtual reality , having real physiological effects .
Lots of money in really cool effects in games .

8.Sex.
This is already being applied .
The mile-high club is one example . The usage incidence of hypobaric chambers is unknown .

But we are all familiar with the spam about “penile enlargement” involving low-pressure .
Sigh . This does not work too well , because it sends contradictory signals to the body .
The glans engorgement signals both coldness and arousement to the body . The body decides which is which on the basis of temperature , mostly . If the apparatus is not at least 1-2 celsius warmer than body mean (38 C) , it concludes “It's cold outside , babe” and shrinks accordingly . The rest of the body gets conditioned to associate sex with coldness .
Not exactly what was in mind .

Spontaneous combustion is known , but spontaneous refrigeration ?

The mind (and other parts) boggle .

Andre .

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Appendix A

http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/SSS/SSS11/paper/view/2405

Incorporating Variable Vascular Heat Exchangers Into Models Of Human Thermoregulation
Dennis A. Grahn, Howard L. Davidson, H. Craig Heller

Last modified: 2011-03-20
Abstract

Models of human thermoregulatory function generally assume that heat transfer across the skin surface is uniform. However, only glabrous skin regions contain unique vascular structures that enable a large volume of blood to flow immediately below the skin surface. These are the body’s radiators. We are constructing a novel model of thermoregulatory function that incorporates heat transfer across the glabrous skin regions as separate from heat transfer across the general skin surface.

Appendix B

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glabrousness
On the human body, glabrous skin is external skin that naturally is hairless. It is found on theventral portion of the fingers, palmar surfaces of hands, soles of feet, lips, labia minora, and glans penis.

Appendix C

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=patent-watch-oct-11
Patent Watch
Patent No. 7,947,068

Controlled heat transfer with mammalian bodies: In the 1990s Stanford University biologists Dennis Grahn and H. Craig Heller discovered a novel way of treating patients with a condition known as postanesthetic hypothermia, in which patients emerging from anesthesia are so cold that they shiver for up to an hour. The condition develops in part because anesthesia reduces the body’s ability to control its own temperature. Applying heat alone does not always help, so Grahn and Heller tried another approach: they increased the volume of blood flowing to the skin of patients’ hands and then applied heat to the same area. “These people were fine within 10 minutes,” Grahn says. “Then the question was, ‘What the heck is going on here?’”
They had stumbled on a feature of mammalian biology that can be manipulated for a wide array of other applications, including ones requiring cooling. Among these uses is increasing athletic endurance, because overheating is one of the primary factors limiting physical performance. One of the main ways the human body regulates internal temperature is by controlling the amount of blood flow through nonhairy skin areas, such as the palms, the cheeks, the nose and the soles of the feet. Underneath the skin of these areas are unique vascular structures designed to deliver large volumes of blood to the surface. When the body needs to release heat, it expands these vessels and floods the area with blood, throwing off heat through the skin. The body holds in heat by constricting blood flow to these areas.
Patent No. 7,947,068 outlines a variety of ways to manipulate these processes. One, called the Glove, is already in use by the San Francisco 49ers. Players stick their hand into the coffeepot-size device, which creates an airtight seal around the wrist. The Glove then uses a pressure differential to draw blood to the palm and rapidly cool it, which leads to an overall decrease in body temperature. The device can be used at any point during a game and takes only a few minutes to work. Tests in the lab, Grahn says, have shown that devices like the Glove can dramatically increase athletic output and reduce heat stress.
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Atlantis Colonies III

2011-11-09T15:10:00.000-08:00

Atlantis Colonies III
Andre Willers
9 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Look at Portmao just south of Cape St Vincent and north of Tartessos .

Discussion:

Possible sites for Atlantis colonies in south-western Spain .

Let us sneak up on them by looking at submarine trenches at the edge of the continental shelf .
Carved by river outflows , mostly .

We immediately notice that there are pronounced trenches opposite Cadiz , the Guadalquivir river ,
Huelva , Guadiana river and opposite today's town of Portmao .

Extensive ruins have been found in all four shore-sites , except Portmao .
They have been picked over by thousands of years' civilizations .
Portmao is where you should look for new finds .

It would probably have been an outpost , overlooked for millennia . The trench is actually quite extensive , so there should have been extensive scouring at some stage . A large river or a big tsunami . If a tsunami , there should be large undisturbed artifacts deposited in and near the trench .
Gold and silver artifacts would have dropped down fairly near the shore .

Otherwise , there should be traces of large river and a marshy area .

Look at the shorelines about 10 000 years ago . There were extensive hinterlands at Portmao .

Ears :
The alert reader would have noticed that about 10 000 years ago there would still have been a large proportion of click-speakers around . See my previous posts .
This would show in how they handle their ears , especially the left ear .
Notice that all old South American heads show the ears bare , even in very cold climate areas .

See the Lady of Elche .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dama_de_Elche_(M.A.N._Madrid)_01.jpg
A bust of the Tartessos period .
This poor lady seemed quite unhealthy . Notice the pronounced asymmetry between the left and right hand sides of her face .
The left eye is smaller , and the left corner of the mouth droops slightly . Indicative of a mild stroke . But note the left ear compared to the right ear . The right ear is completely exposed , while the left ear seems muffled , but part of an elongated earlobe peeks out below .
Remember , this would be a formal portrait , so nothing appears by chance .
Note the elaborate sound-amplifiers over each ear .
I cannot see whether her skull has been deformed .
(Do some metric tests.)

This indicates a Click-speaker , with small talent and at the end of her life .
But still extremely Royal .

Fascinating !
I can only speculate that the skull-deformations practised extensively in many cultures were attempts to compensate for the progressive loss of Click-speaking genes .

Looking at some images on Google , one can see that the earhole in the skull migrates extensively , leading to some rewiring , especially in Broca's area .

An elongated skull would lead to skull-hollows with longer wavelength resonances . Ie , amplify small Click-speaker talents .

Social selection would then take over . Long after the Click-speaker talent have been washed away , social systems would still prize it .

Note Egyptian elongated skulls . Compare to South American ones .

Dolphins :
A dolphin should be able to immediately identify a potential click-speaker from skull-resonances .
Conversely , a click-speaker should get on much better with dolphins .

Hint : use human echo-locators on underwater dives . See what dolphins make of them .
(I can't find any reference on google .
Or for pointy-head , except that it dates at least from 1640 AD)

Old South American ruins will look completely different to a Click-speaker .

Take an echo-locator to the Nasca-lines . What would he perceive ?

High-altitude adaptation :
Sigh .
High-altitude and desert adaptation would select against Click-speakers . Denser blood vessels and closer packing of alveoli would shorten vocal wavelengths (ie higher frequencies )
(Click is at low frequencies)
As Homo colonised , dryness and height selected against click-speaking , until it vanished .

This is actually noticeable in present day CEO's . They normally have light-tenor voices , not deep baritones as would be expected . The suspicion is that this is because they all jog and work out .
It is delicious to note female reactions to the Boss who sounds like a boy .

To attract a female Homo , make your voice deep and go Click-click .
You think I am joking ?
Why do you think Africans with Clicks in their language still have the highest fertility rates .
Or why the Click sound survived at all .

Clicks are aprodisiacs .
Oh well .
You have horse whisperers , elephant whisperers , though no surviving rhino- or buffalo whisperers .

All use click sounds .

So , there are women whisperers .
You know the type . Oiling their way around .
Note the aphrodisiac effects of old-style trains .
Clickety-Clack .
It would be amusing to correlate birthrates against railroad-usage .
Even more amusing if there is a direct relationship .

Chattanooga express , anyone ?
She knew what it meant , but still she went .

Have a nice trip .

Andre .

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Inflation vs Deflation .

2011-11-09T11:10:00.000-08:00

Inflation vs Deflation
Andre Willers
9 Nov 2011

“Where have all the flowers gone ? “ . Pop song circa 20th century.

Synopsis :
The world is heading for a major deflationary episode .
Keynesian inflation has not worked (Quantitive Easing) , and there is good reason to believe that it will not work in the future .

Discussion:
Over-exuberant deregulation threw out the baby with the bathwater .

Financial institutions like banks , insurance companies , investment funds , Governments , etc then treated the Financial Credit Market like a commons .

A Tragedy of the Commons ensued .
Every institution and individual tried to maximize their profits , never mind the cost to the commons or the collective .

Many participants knew they were heading for a precipice , but could not stop . If they tried , they would simply be fired or voted out , and replaced by somebody more amenable and greedy .

Why simply printing money hasn't , and won't work .
Recent inflationary money creation (Quantitive Easing) resulted in the extra money ending up in the banks' balance sheets , propping up their rotten loans , or being invested in developing economies (like China , India) .
It does not come into local circulation , causing inflation .
It causes deflation , as extra capital in high-return economies lowers the cost of goods further .

The Hidden Axiom of Keynes :
There must be a protective capsule around the State doing the inflating .
This is to prevent the new money simply haemorrhaging out and to protect the recovery of industries .
In the 1930's this was taken for granted .

This is not true today .
Capital flows around with no hindrance , and sticks to the highest yield economies .
WTO rules prevent any protection of local industries .
A true Tragedy of the Commons .

What can we say about inflation ?
There is not nearly enough new money coming into consumers' pockets to cause significant inflation .
Commodity prices bubbled up , benefitting only multinational mining companies .
All that extra stimulus to production means that the prices of goods will fall , ie deflation .

Save , save ,save !
The new motto of governments .
The penny has dropped that they cannot just print more money . The only product they sell is regulation , and they have failed at it . So , they will encourage people to save and then tax that .

Hence the spate of “Occupy” revolutions brewing .

The Ostrum Revolution .
Also known as The Fairness Revolution .

What is a poor state to do ? (And Poor is the operative word . Bankrupt would be more apt .

1.Protectionism :
There is a great temptation to implement protectionism . A Keynesian Capsule . But trade is 90% of wealth . Living standards will fall to below Medieval levels (something like Albania in the USSR period.)

2.Authoritarian approach .
A Fascist swing , with protectionism , impoverishment , militarism and regional wars .
This happened after the 1930's deflation . WWII .

3.Ostrum Commonwealths :
Use Ostrum rules to bypass the Tragedy of the Commons or Authoritarianism
This is the only new ray of light after humans have wrestled with this problem for millennia .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “The Ostrum Game” Oct 2011

This ties in with a completely new factor : Social Media .

The Fairness Revolution .
Ostrum rules are self-assembling using social media .
Note the Arab Spring , OccupyWallStreet and others .
Google “Molly Catchpole” to see what is happening .

Summary :
Deflation is much more likely than inflation .
Do not buy big capital items (like cars) .
In a year or two , they will be much cheaper .

Now you know where the flowers went .
The banker's cow ate them .

Andre .

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Appendix A
For the historically minded :

Reinhart and Rogoff (two American economists) studied the history of financial crises from 1200 AD onwards . (Entitled “This time is different”)
They found that if
1.Government Debt / GDP > 90%
or
2.Government Debt / Annual Fiscal Revenues > 350%

Then they stop circling the plughole and start spiralling inwards . A financial crisis follows .

The situation for some major nations in 2010 was :
State – (Debt/GDP)% – (Debt/Revenue)%

CutOffs: 90-350

US- 95-584
Germany-83-192
France- 89-179
Ireland- 99-478
Greece- 149-382
Italy- 123-267
Spain- 54-187
Portugal- 97-235
UK- 79-194

Source : An excellent article “The August Crisis” by Sandy McGregor of Allan Gray
http://allangray.co.za

The effects of massive Quantitive Easings on US debt levels can be seen . As discussed , it had little effect . The money was soaked up by bank debts and export of capital .

You can make up your own mind about the rest , but Italy looks very dicey , especially with their leadership . Ripe for Revolution . But remember , about half their economy is off-book .
A break-up of the EU is most likely to start in Italy , although Ireland is seriously considering it .

Like WWI , the first to start will trigger the rest .

They really need a Super Heroine like Ostrum .

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Atlantis Colonies II

2011-11-07T13:45:00.000-08:00

Atlantis Colonies II
Andre Willers
7 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Zero in on Atlantis by finding the colonies , especially underwater ones .
Use Google Ocean .Much easier .
Circa 10 000 – 7 000 years before present .

Discussion :
Tired of Great Things ?
Do something completely frivolous .
Find a lost colony of Atlantis .

From the scanty evidence available (Plato) , Atlantis was a Colonising and Outpost empire .
Trading and mining outposts led to colonization in a well-known pattern .

The Colonies and mining towns were all over . They should be much easier to find .

A Model :
Look at the Portuguese Empire circa 1755 AD , when a major earthquake and tsunami destroyed it's heart . The Empire had widespread outposts and budding colonies . But it never recovered from the destruction of Lisbon .
See how it's outposts were distributed .
Now think like a maritime bronze and stone using civilization ,and find it's outposts

And indeed , some Colonies and Outposts of Atlantis have been found .
1.Canary Island Colony .
A large one , including many farms .
http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/article2255989.ece
It shows a perfect rectangle the size of Wales lying on the bed of the Atlantic Ocean nearly 3½ miles down.
A host of criss-crossing lines, looking like a map of a vast metropolis, are enclosed by the boundary.
The site lies 620 miles off the west coast of Africa near the Canary Islands
The anomalous blank spots inside the rectangles were farm .
Refer to ruins around Makgadigadi Sea (Appendix B) Hundreds of kilometers of them .

2.Bromley Plateau outpost .
See Appendix 1 for ease of reference .
Underwater ruins on the Bromley Plateau at approx 35 Degrees west , 33.2 degrees south show a rectangular structure , with straight-line structures between it and the harbour .
From Google Ocean , from underwater surveys .
Note the similarity of the two . Large rectangular structures , in a fractal pattern .
Planned farms , from an Outpost recipe .

3.Mines in South America
About the right time .
The Scientific Exploration Society (UK) sponsored some expeditions on the line ot Thor Heyerdal to show the feasibility of waterborne trade routes from Lake Titicaca to present day Buenos Aires .
They did it too , with reed boats
See “Kota Mama” , by Blashford-Snell and Snailham , ISBN 0747222819 , 2000 AD
In the process , they came across old mines .
3.1Basalt
Used for stone tools . Extensive workings near Orinoca town , Bolivia . (page 10-11)
3.2Copper,Silver
Calacota ,Bolivia (page 66)
3.3Copper,gold
Near town of Oruro , Bolivia .(p85)
4.Mines in Southern Africa .
Copper, Gold
All over .
There was a flourishing indigenous civilization , so look for trading outposts under or near present
South-western harbours . Saldanha bay , Walvis bay .
See Appendix 2 below .
Note that very large gas deposits have recently been discovered at the predicted sites in the Mozambique Channel .
Nothing in Table Bay , CapeTown . The minerals were all up north .
Presumably , the Bromley Plateau Outpost existed to collect cargo from mines in South America and South Africa . If it's final demise was sudden , as is indicated , there should be very large treasures of gold and silver . A lot of basalt tools .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Shaving” Feb 2010
Fine , handcrafted neolithic tools 10 000 years old would probably sell for more than raw minerals .
5.England
Cornwall (tin :vital for bronze) . Overwritten by subsequent civilizations , but look off-shore
6.Europe :
See Appendix Doggerland below .
Doggerland would seem to be more an outpost/colony than the source . Look for rectangular sea-floor structures near ancient harbours .

Isn't history fun ?
Lucrative , too .
Happy hunting !
Andre
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Appendix 1
Atlantis Colony
Andre Willers
31 Mar 2011

Synopsis :
Underwater ruins on the Bromley Plateau at 35 Degrees west , 33.2 degrees south show a rectangular structure , with straight-line structures between it and the harbour .
From Google Ocean , from underwater surveys .

Discussion :
When the Bromley Plateau was above water , the inlet formed a very good natural harbour .
Presumably , this was colonized on the outpost model . As the sea-level rose , dikes were built (they are clearly visible on Google )

From the Atlantis legends , the final cataclysm was sudden ( a 9+ earthquake with tsunamis) . There should be lots of gold around ,

Why ?
The main reason for having an outpost there would have been for sailing ships trading with Africa . It is on the trade-wind route .
They traded manufactured items with the Zimbabwe cultures , who were Gold miners

The Bromley Plateau rectangular ruin should then be rich in historical gold objects , as they were overwhelmed without an opportunity to ship them out .

I strongly suggest that archaeological institutions get in before the treasure hunters .

So where is the origin culture ?
Atlantis in our terms .
Even if it was a island , it would have to have a continental hinterland .
The best bet seems to be two submerged islands at 76 S , 46 W , off the coast of present French Guiana .
The Amazonian cultures then would be older and more sophisticated than we presumed .

If the tectonic epicenter that did them in was near the mouth of the Amazon
(see http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Earthquakes ,and Volcanoes" Oct 2009)
very little will be left of the origin culture .
Tsunami's up the rivers (think 30-100 meters high) would have wiped out the riverine cultures .

Dating:
Tsunami's from such an event would have seiched through the Med . The long-wave raising of the Med sea-level would have broken through the boundary between the Med and the Black Sea . The flooding of the Black Sea would then be a fair indicator of the timeline .
Also , massive tsunami's around the Med coasts , British coasts . Old river mouths like the Nile and Rhone would have been very badly hit , as the ground liquefied .

The affected civilizations never recovered .

Isn't stability wonderful ?

Andre

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Appendix 2
Makgadikgadi Sea .
Andre Willers .

Update : 26 Oct 2010
Also Magadigadi sea , Makgadigadi sea , Magadikgadi sea .
Also shown in "DaMing Hun Yi Tu" ("Amalgamated map of the Great Ming Empire") dated 1398 AD on 17 square meters of silk , thought to be based on data about 1320-1380 AD , from preparation explorers before the Admiral He fleet .

See http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2446907.stm

This includes a map clearly showing the inland sea before it drained through Kariba , and Orange River as described below .

Accuracy :
The latitudes could then be measured fairly accurately , but the longitudes seem slightly wonky . However , what is interesting is what is not shown : ie the outlets of the Zambezi or the Orange , though it does show the outlet of the Cunene at the correct latitude . Major mountain ranges are also shown at correct latitudes .

We suspect that at the time of the mapping (circa 1320 AD) , the outlets of the Zambezi and Orange rivers did not exist , but were opened shortly afterwards by tectonic action of the active faults in the regions .

What the map does show is the Caledon , ending in an endorheic basin roughly bounded today by Coleberg-Tarkastad-BarkleyEast.

The tributary/outflow shown to the south of the Makgadigadi Sea is more interesting . The flow here would be towards an endorheic basin roughly bounded by Prieska-VictoriaWest-Sutherland . The map shows the Makgadigadi Sea to be rather full at the time , so the water flow would have been into this endorheic basin .
In times of drought , the Makgadigadi Sea would shrink and the flow would reverse .

An alternate endorheic basin is roughly Upington-Garies-Calvinia . This would be accessable depending on tectonic activity . (It is a bit lower than the previous basin)

Tectonic activity would also periodically open the Orange and Zambezi outlets to the oceans .

Fluctuate this over geologic time , and you have diamond deposits from the weathering of the volcanoes formed after the Vredefoort impact .
These have been found at the Orange outlet , Upington-Garies-Calvinia basin (eg Hexriver diamonds) , Botswana , Zimbabwe .

But , nobody has really looked at the Prieska-VictoriaWest-Sutherland endorheic basin . There should be very rich alluvial diamond pockets in potholes in the old riverbeds as the water swished back and forth .

Gas and Oil :
Endorheic basins are usually associated with gas or oil if they fluctuated over geologic timespans . Biologic material gets washed into basins with no outlet , covered up and pressurized . Voila! At least gas . Maybe oil .

You know you have struck it rich when
Your borehole at Sutherland blows and the diamonds clog the oil-filters .

Have fun!

Andre

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Previous article:
Makgadikgadi Sea .

28 Aug 2009

Synopsis :
Southern Africa had a large interior freshwater sea until historical times , with major effects on human evolution and regional climates .

Discussion :
Map source : Reader's digest "Atlas of the World" (1993) ISBN 0-276-42001-264-7 .
P128 : Map of Southern Africa .
See http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2446907.stm
Wikipedia , Google . See appendices .

The topographical map clearly shows a major basin with 200 – 1000 meter elevation

Location :
Bounded by 16 to 28 degrees latitude (longest about 1 320 km) ,
The width varies : roughly hourglass-shape . At the narrowest in the middle : 23 to 25 degrees longitude (about 240 km) at about latitude 22 degrees .
The widest about 500 km . Bounded in the east by about 27 degrees longitude , and the west by 20 degrees longitude .

The basin is bounded by higher elevations and mountains on all sides , except for the breakthrough gap of the Zambezi at Victoria Falls .

Faults :
Roughly the line from Worcester – Grootvlei – Kakamas – Khakea – Lake Ngami – Victoria Falls – Present course of Zambezi to Great Rift Valley .

Essentially a branch of the Great East African Rift . See the Luangwa river plains .
See also Zimbabwe – Kalahari Axis , Gumare fault .See Appendices .

Note that these faults runs right through the center of the old Kalahari Sea , and was thus sensitive to the changes in it's water level . This in turn was sensitive to rainfall and river-inflow / outflow balance . Changes in the weight of the water would cause changes in seismic activity .

The faults are quite active (cf Tulbagh earthquakes , when the southernmost end had a mild 6.8 tremor.) . The Zimbabwe – Kalahari Axis and Gumare fault have been active in historical times , but with long intervals . Overdue . .

Periodic fluctuations .
The entire system is seismically sensitive to climate fluctuations caused by the periodic filling and emptying of the Makgadikgadi Sea . Hence the zig-zag pattern of the Victoria Falls gorges .

Climate .
There is also a complex feedback with rainfall patterns in the catchment areas of the feeder rivers . The system is an endorheic basin (internal drainage-see Appendix B)
But such a large body of water and concomitant vegetation drastically alters the rainfall in its region .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Biotic pump"
Notice the orientation of rivers on the sides of the old sea (ie Namibia , Angola) . They are all on the side of ridges facing the basin , ie from where moisture will come . A large percentage of moisture simply recirculated within the basin .

During the full episodes , it simply overflowed through the Limpopo .
Earthquakes opened the Victoria Falls portal . The water level fell . Moisture recirculation fell . The borders dried up . If this coincides with a dry climate period , we get the present shrinkage to marshes at the deepest parts .
Earthquakes sooner or later close the Victoria Falls portal , and the process reverses .
This has been going on for more than 3 million years (see Appendix C) .
The latest reversal started about 10 000 years ago , with the major climate shift at the end of the ice age .

Orange River .
Note the very peculiar fact that most major rivers in South Africa (Orange , Vaal , Harts , Modder , etc) are on top of ridges . This has led to some interesting squirming by geologists , since water has this well-known propensity to flow downhill . The explanations are suitably convoluted and involve escarpments , really long stretches of time and lots of erosion .
Whatever , it still means that the major rivers are unstable vis-a-vis major tectonic movements , but may be self-sealing due to heavy silting .Though this takes some heavy swallowing .
But the Orange river has a high probability of also periodically emptying into the Inland Sea . Most probably about 60 km downstream from Kakamas , where it comes nearest to the Molopo .
This is not an idle question , since such an old riverbed will be lousy with alluvial diamonds . Might even be gold-nuggets from the Vaal .

Human Evolution .
See Appendix D .
The point actually pinpointed is where the borders of present RSA , Namibia and Botswana meet . This is not an accident , since the borders follow habitability . This is where the Nossob river meets the westernmost part of the old inland sea . An ideal place for human evolution .
Lots of food , easily gathered . A whole sea of potable water .Lots of caves . An extended coastline to accommodate expanding population or climatic change . An outlet to the South-South-West with no unsurmountable barriers for the bored and rebellious .

The inhabitants of Pinnacle Point near Mosselbay were thus colonizers , migrating via the West Coast . They were stopped by the dense Tsitsikama forest and inhospitable terrain past that . The really inhospitable central plateaux were only the populated by outcasts , criminals and refugees .

Others on the inland sea would move northwards during fluctuations , eventually ending up in the Rift Valley system . From there they could easily move northwards , using well-known strategies and technologies next to the rift lakes . Bypassing the whole problem of latitude crossing (cf Jared Diamond) .

Back-pressure .
The periodic nature of the process means that after the first migration , and after Toba
(73 000 BP) , there would be people already there . But population density was low and newcomers (essentially refugees) , were helped on their way , eventually towards North Africa , Middle-East , Asia and Europe . This attitude (called Ubuntu) is still a characteristic of most ordinary people in Africa .

Interesting asides :
Aquatic human episode : a freshwater sea like the Magadikgadi Sea would be a much more benign environment for such evolutionary development than salt-water ocean . Note the trainable capability of humans to see underwater (not very well known , but well documented) .

More telling is Click . See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Click and human Evolution" Click sounds aid fishing . Do humans still use this ? (without technology)
The inland sea teemed with fish . Clicking would not only locate , but also chase fish into weirs or nets . We know they used weirs (stone weirs have been found by archeologists in areas like Mosselbay) . The efficiency of clicks (mimicking predators like dolphins) would be very efficient in chasing fish . They would also attract dolphins , which would share of the largesse . The beginning of a long cupboard love .

With the invention of agriculture , click-languages fell out of fashion .
"So last year .Who needs the effort ." But some aquaculture enclaves might still have it . Cf surprising Chinese efficiency in freshwater aquaculture . Do they cluck ?
Was the first domestication done simply by seeing which animals responded to clicks , then selecting and breeding . This could be easily tested .

Chickens and falcons also respond better to clicks . How deep does it go ? I will need a lot of convincing for a virus click-whisperer . What about a homeopathic click-whisperer ? The shaman has click-whispered into this large body of water and it is transmitted . Sigh . Many humans believe exactly that . Holy water .

Endorheic Pumps.
See Appendix B

Basins which have internal drainage act like pumps to any living organisms inside them . Because of the interaction between rainfall and vegetation , there is a feedback oscillation . When times are good , populations increase . When times are bad , the tough emigrate , and export their troubles .

The Magadikgadi basin is probably the oldest , but the Tibetan Plateau is not far behind . Ditto the steppes of Mongolia , Aral and Black Seas . North Africa (Lake Fezzan , Lake Chad) , the whole Arabian and Sinai peninsulas , northern Mexico , Middle-West USA are examples . All the troublespots . Even small climatic fluctuations cause trouble if the population is over carrying capacity .

Zimbabwe I
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Fractal collapse of societies"
For about 2000 years , to about 1400 AD , there was a flourishing civilization around the borders of the inland sea . The climate in the highland-areas around it was very benign , with rain the year around . Extensive ruins of terraced agriculture are discernable . The center was in Zimbabwe .
Value added items were exported to India , Arabia mainly gold , minerals and precious stones Like now .
See the photo's in Adam's Calender by Heine and Tellinger . (ISBN 1-920153-07-1) .
Especially p25-p27 . Kilometers of ruins showing clear evidence of agriculture (terraced ,nogal) and husbandry , with market mechanisms (roads , but no evidence of wheel tracks) . Though the authors try hard , the ruins are patently fresh . They show less weathering than equivalent Roman ruins in Europe . They are younger than 1000 years . There is no evidence of Deep Time . Stone fences are still above ground . Terraces are evident . Not very old at all . But still indicative of a flourishing society about 100 BC to 1400 AD .

So what happened ?
A severe earthquake opened up Victoria Falls again and the inland sea started draining . This coincided with the latest long-term drying-up . A tipping point was reached (because of the feedback effect) , and things went to hell in a handbasket quickly after that . There was already shrinkage before that , but this was the coup-de-grace .

The overseas merchants (Dravidian South Indian merchant class – the Komati) cut their losses and departed . Markets shrunk . The locals abandoned expensive agriculture , especially as the climate changed . The shrinkage was gradual . When the final pull-out occurred , the remnants could live on the land in a simple subsistence economy .
What remained was kilometers of ruins (like Rome before the Renaissance.)

Note that this was not a failure of civilization , but an effect of climate change .
The market disappeared because the infrastructure to feed the labour force was no longer sufficient . A market cannot create a climate . (Not then , in case)

What can we do about it ?
Well , we can rob the Congo river or the Rift lakes , but that is inelegant .
(Ne kulturny)
An elegant solution is to punch a channel underground to below 1000 meters in the Atlantic , use the pressure to squirt the water into basin , after desalinating it .

The technology exists :
1.The tunnel :
Sub-Crustal torpedoes . Submarine versions are already in use with the Russian and USA navies . Simply a high-speed projectile that uses vaporized plasma ahead of it to change the phase of the material . A train of them condenses the plasma on the sidewalls as a strong material .Cheap .

2.The desalination :
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Negative Pressure : an important update" 6 Mar 2009 .
The nanotechnology is due at any moment . By it's very nature , it is high throughput .

3. The ideal spot :
The top reaches of the Nossob river , about midway between Okanhanja and Epokira . From there is an uncomplicated run for a sub-crustal missile to the Atlantic towards the south-west .. The further advantage is that the flooding would be via a natural river . It would be truly spectacular . It is doubtful that they could get the right depth on first try , but would rather go too deep , than too shallow . A huge permanent geyser of water hundreds of meters high would result . An inverse waterfall , to rival Victoria Falls .

4. What if the desalination is not ready ?
(Yakkity-yak humans –most likely)
A sea-water sea would be nearly as acceptable . The climatic effects would be similar. We have a model in the Black Sea .
Do the same in other endorheic basins ? Libya might do it first . Or repopulating the Aral sea . The Black Sea can do with some topping up .
This can be done definitely within 6 months from now .
See map of endorheic basins in Arabia and Sinai .
Not to mention India . Or Australia . They really need it .

5. Ocean current climatology will suddenly assume a new strategic importance .

6. The defense strategic importance of sub-crustal missile technology .
Nil .
They cannot defend against super-crustal missiles . So that is not applicable . The thing a nation or civilization has to worry about is resources . And this technology frees up the oceans' resources .
Ecology is the major worry , and avenues for that exist .

7. Money .
There is an incredible amount of money to be made .
Actually made . Real wealth creation . Millions of acres made fertile even with just saline water nearby . The carbon credits of a sub-ocean fountain dissolving CO2 alone will pay the fairly modest capital costs (about $500 million) . Sneer at iceberg-towing.
Global flooding ?. Rather worry whether there is enough water in the oceans to satisfy human demand .
An interesting exercise : calculate the remaining sea-level after maximal usage of sea-water . (Hint : look at ice-ages . Would we use the water-equivalent of miles thick glaciers on land ? Easily .Crops , drinking , industrial etc . But remember , if it is properly cleansed , it is borrowed . It does get returned to the ocean . But an awful lot of it is "in use" , in the air as it were . This percentage will increase .)

Industrial demand will lead to such a shortage of water that it would be economical to import water from the Saturn orbital clouds .

8. Parallel sub-crustal missiles .
I am deeply unhappy about the fact that major river systems in South Africa are on hard ridges . It is simply unstable , unless there is a deep trench in the river bed . The only way I can think of is a a collapsed tunnel . Drilled by a sub-crustal missile .
Meteor impact :
If you look at the paths of the Vaal ,Caledon and Orange rivers and backtrack , you see that the tracks meet at 36.67 degrees longtitude and 26.78 latitude . This would be the putative impact point of a meteorite that split into two and tunneled under the crust for about 1 620 km till the two plasma bodies slowed to a threshold velocity and they swerved sharply towards each other . They impacted roughly where Hopetown is now . (A bit to the south-east , actually .) Expect diamonds .

What to expect at the impact point :
This is about 200 km from Beira . This has been a carbon rich area for a long time . I do not know when the impact took place , but even if it was a fragment of the Vredefoort meteor there would still be gas and maybe oil deposits formed by the impact waves .

Note the lightning-like offshoots before the final .

At the end , quantum distribution of charge on the plasma body overwhelms internal coherence and the two bodies rush towards each other and self-annihilate .
Violent energy release results .

Hence the little stretch of the Orange river between Colesberg and Kimberley .

What to expect at the impact point (36.67 degrees longtitude and 26.78 latitude) .
This is in the Mozambique channel . There should be oil and gas in a radius of 120 km .
The two missile trajectories passed on either side of Nelspruit , with dense rock concentrators on either side . There should be at least gas , probably oil .
Something similar at Bloemfontein , but probably only gas .(Figures)
Notice all the thermal springs around .

At Nelspruit : narrow at the top and wide at the bottom . Quite large .

Andre .

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Appendix A
Geological changes to the course
More than two million years ago, the Upper Zambezi river used to flow south through what is now the Makgadikgadi Pan to the Limpopo River. The land around the pan experienced tectonic uplift (perhaps as part of the African superswell) and a large lake formed, and extended east.
Meanwhile, 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) east, a western tributary of the Shire River in the Great Rift Valley's southern extension through Malawi eroded a deep valley on its western escarpment. At the rate of a few cm per year, this river, the Middle Zambezi, started cutting back the bed of its river towards the west, aided by grabens (rift valleys) forming along its course in an east-west axis. As it did so it captured a number of south-flowing rivers such as the Luangwa and Kafue.
Eventually the large lake trapped at Makgadikgadi (or a tributary of it) was captured by the Middle Zambezi cutting back towards it, and emptied eastwards. The Upper Zambezi was captured as well. The Middle Zambezi was about 300 metres (980 ft) lower than the Upper Zambezi, and a high waterfall formed at the edge of the basalt plateau across which the upper river flows. This was the first Victoria Falls, somewhere down the Batoka Gorge near where Lake Kariba is now.[6] For details of how the falls cuts back its bed to form the gorge, see How the Victoria Falls formed.
The Zambezi region was known to medieval geographers as the Empire of Monomotapa, and the course of the river, as well as the position of Lakes Ngami and Nyasa, were given broadly accurately in early maps. These were probably constructed from Arab information.
Appendix B
List of endorheic basins
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following is a list of endorheic basins — watersheds which do not drain to the sea.
Appendix C
Lake Makgadikgadi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lake Makgadikgadi is an ancient lake that existed in what is now the Kalahari Desert in Botswana. It may have once covered as much as 80,000 km² and been 30 m deep. The Okavango, Zambezi, and Cuando rivers once all emptied into the lake.
Origin and History
Approximately 3 million years ago, strong easterly winds brought about the formation of elongated dunes which ran from east to west across the middle of the Kalahari Desert. During wetter times, these dunes channeled the flow of the great rivers of the area, the Okavango, Chobe, and Zambezi, eastwards with the Limpopo River into the Indian Ocean.
About 2 million years ago, the formation of the fault known as the Kalahari-Zimbabwe axis, which runs from the Zimbabwe capital Harare through its second-largest city Bulawayo and ends in the eastern side of the Kalahari, created an enormous basin and forced these rivers to flow into and fill up the basin. Lake Makgadikgadi was thus created.
As the millennia passed, the lake was filled to capacity and began to overflow. About 20,000 years ago, as a result, it began to drain northwards and then eastwards. This caused the middle and lower Zambezi Rivers to connect, resulting in the formation of Victoria Falls. With the water now able to flow out of the basin, Lake Makgadikgadi was able to drain partially and its average level decreased.
A drier climatic period followed which caused an increase in evaporation and a decrease in the flow of the rivers that fed it. By about 10,000 years ago the drying of Lake Makgadikgadi was in an advanced stage. Sediment and debris from the Okavango River and windblown sand were gradually filling the lake.
The formation of the Gumare fault caused a reduction in the elevation of the land. As a result, the water of the Okavango River spread out over a much larger area of land than it previously did, forming the now characteristic fan-shaped inland delta of the Okavango, which further reduced the water that flowed into Lake Makgadikgadi and hastened its demise.
Today the only remains of Lake Makgadikgadi, are the Okavango Delta, the Nxai Pan, Lake Ngami, Lake Xau, the Mababe Depression, and the two main Makgadikgadi pans of Sua and Nwetwe.
Ecology
Lake Makgadikgadi is theorized to have been the birthplace of the vast number of cichlids[1] that once swam the Congo River, Zambezi River, Okavango River and Limpopo River - as many as 100 to 400 new species, of which approximately 25 survive today. The lake's sheer size may have provided the ancestors of these fish with an extremely wide range of new ecological niches to exploit and thus could have served as the stimulus for the evolution of the new species, which they may have done in record time before the lake drained completely. The theory further says that the newly evolved species, after having evolved within the confines of the lake, could have escaped with the waters of the lake as it drained, and populated the rivers of the region to evolve into the cichlids that exist today.
In current times this land is desiccated most of the year and is a seasonal wetland in the rainy summer months.[2]
References
C. Michael Hogan (2008) Makgadikgadi, The Megalithic Portal, ed. A. Burnham [1]
James Owen (May 4. 2005) Lost African Lake Spawned Fish Diversity "Beyond Belief. National Geographic News[2]
Coordinates: 20°43′0″S 24°57′3″E / 20.71667°S 24.95083°E / -20.71667; 24.95083
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Makgadikgadi"
Categories: Former lakes | Geography of Botswana | Makgadikgadi Pan | Pleistocene
Appendix D

Human Evolution .
Snip from a NYT article about a new study by a group of geneticists which pins the origin of humankind to a spot on the coast of southwest Africa near the Kalahari Desert. The study is said to be the largest ever of its kind on African genetic diversity. The researchers say Africans are descended from 14 ancestral populations that typically correlate with language and cultural groups.
Locations for the Garden of Eden have been offered many times before, but seldom in the somewhat inhospitable borderland where Angola and Namibia meet.
A new genetic survey of people in Africa, the largest of its kind, suggests, however, that the region in southwest Africa seems, on the present evidence, to be the origin of modern humans. The authors have also identified some 14 ancestral populations.
The new data goes far toward equalizing the genetic picture of the world, given that most genetic information has come from European and Asian populations. But because it comes from Africa, the continent on which the human lineage evolved, it also sheds light on the origins of human life.
The research team was led by Sarah A. Tishkoff of the University of Pennsylvania, and reported in in a recent issue of Science: "The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans." (via Ned Sublette)

Appendix E
Okavango .

Greatest Places Physical Geography: Dr. Cecil Keen, July 1997
Okavango
Geographic Description: Described as "the river which never finds the sea", the Okavango in northwestern Botswana disappears into a 6,000-square-mile maze of lagoons, channels, and islands. The river system annually brings more than 2 million tons of sand and silt into the Delta, yet less than three percent of the water emerges at the other end to either flood Lake Ngami or cross another 300 miles of the Kalahari, then to enter Lake Xau and the Makgadikgadi Pans.

The Okavango Delta, in the midst of the Kalhan sands, is Africa's largest and most beautiful oasis. The River Okavango, which rises in the highlands of Angola, never reaches the sea; instead its mighty waters empty over the sands of the Kalahari. Here the great Kalahari desert thirst is locally quenched in a blue-green wilderness of fresh water, with emerald reed beds and towering trees.
It is a natural refuge and giant water hole for the larger animals of the Kalahari. The water gives rise to many forms of life unexpected in a "desert": There are fish, crocodiles basking on the sands, and hippopotamuses and swamp antelopes feeding on the vegetation.

The Okavango is the last surviving remnant of the great Lake Makgadikgadi whose waters and associated swamps once covered much of the Middle Kalahari. It also is closely associated with the Kwando, Linyanti, and Chobe swamps and river systems to the northeast. It is thought that long ago the Okavango, Chobe, Kwando, and upper Zambezi waterways flowed as one massive river across the Middle Kalahari, to join the Limpopo River and then to the Indian Ocean.

The earth movements that created the rift of the Kalahari-Zimbabwe Axis impeded this flow, causing a damming back of the giant river, which resulted in the formation of a series of high and complex swamps. As the Okavango River left the humid highlands and entered the arid flatness of the Kalahari, it slowed and dropped its sediment load. Channels became blocked and the water sought other courses, continuing to deposit its sediments wherever it traveled. Over time, some 2 million tons of sand and debris were deposited over the Kalahari sands, creating the characteristic fan shape of the Delta.

The Okavango's waters still cut the characteristic fan shape of the Delta. The Okavango's waters still cut paths through this built-up cone and deposit their sand load, causing the channels to continue changing direction. Superimposed on these changes were the climate fluctuations of the last million years. In arid periods these complex swamps and waterways would recede; in wetter times the myriad channels may have combined to form one vast river flowing into a huge lake--the former Lake Makgadikgadi.

2 parallel faults now control the direction in which the Okavango River enters the Kalahari Basin, in an area called the Panhandle. Other faults also direct its exit from the Delta, flowing south into the ocean of sand. As the Okavango flows over the Gomare Fault, a continuation of the Great Rift Valley of east Africa, that runs southwest to northeast, the slope of the land breaks it up into numerous channels, which fan outwards over the Delta. These are blocked by 2 southern faults, the Kunyere and the Thalamakane, which redirect the Delta's myriad channels. The Thalamakane Fault acts as a 150-mile-long natural dam: Here the channels abruptly change direction and join to form one river, the Boteti, which flows eastwards through a break in the fault towards the Makgadikgadi Pan. A small channel, the Nghabe River, continues southwest toward Lake Ngami, serving as both inlet and outlet depending on the strength and direction of the annual floods.

The present Okavango is still connected to the Chobe-Zambezi River system via the Selinda Spillway. However, recent arid conditions have meant that these water courses are now seldom joined. The geology of the Okavango is still inherently unstable, as the faults continue to move and earth tremors occur. Channels become filled with sand and debris, and massive plugs of papyrus interrupt their flow. The pattern of drainage in the Delta will continue to change.

Interior drainage systems occur typically in arid areas where water evaporates to leave an accumulation of salts as a saline pan, as in Makgadikgadi and Lake Ngami. The Okavango is unique in that it forms a freshwater Delta, simply because it has several outlets. Even though their outflow comprises only three percent of the Okavango's inflow, this is enough to carry away most of the salts and keep the Delta's waters fresh. In fact there are 2 groups of outlets: west to Lake Ngami, and south and east to the Makgadikgadi Pan via the Boteti River.

Although the total drainage pattern in the Delta is complex, there is an underlying simplicity in the slow and regular pulse of water that flows down each year from the Angolan highlands. South of the Panhandle the Delta fans out for many miles. During dry periods it is estimated to cover at least 6,000 square miles, but in wetter years, with a heavy annual flood, the Okavango's waters can spread over 8,500 square miles of the Kalahari's sands. Deep water occurs in only a few channels, while vast areas of reed beds are covered by only a few inches of water.

The Okavango offers an oasis of habitat for prolific plant and animal life in a personified state of "balance in nature." Two plants dominate the Delta's perennial swamps: papyrus, a giant sedge (type of grass) which grows naturally only in Africa, and the willowy phoenix palm. They provide a fascinating record of recent changes in the limits of the perennial swamps. Papyrus, being a herbaceous species, responds more quickly to changes in water level than the phoenix, which is a woody species. The full extent of the perennial swamps along the Thaoge River, before it began to dry up this century, can be seen by the distribution of the phoenix palm, which extends much further south than the papyrus. Conversely, papyrus extends much farther east than the palm, along the Moanatshira system. This indicates the expansion of perennial swamps during this century. On the Boro River, the papyrus and phoenix occur in the same places, indicating that the extent of swamp areas has remained relatively unchanged in the central Delta during this century.

Inhabiting the waters of the Okavango are an estimated 35 million fish of almost 80 species. The most abundant, three species of bream, are preserved from excessive predation by crocodiles feeding on the tiger fish that would prey on the bream. Hippos flatten paths through the papyrus on their nocturnal forays to graze, allowing easier access for the sitatunga and antelope to traverse across the swamps during their daytime migrations. Belts of forest fringe the swamps with tall trees giving shade to large herds of larger game. Beyond the forest fringe the landscape forms an open savanna park land, and in these drier areas the greatest concentrations of game are accompanied by the predator families: lion, leopard, cheetah, hyena, and wild dog. It is in these forest fringes and savanna grasslands that elephants and giraffes can be found browsing with antelope of almost every kind, from buffalo, wildebeest, and kudu, to sable, roan and impala. Okavango is a delicate and unique example of dynamic equilibrium at work in nature. A place worthy of being called a "greatest place."

Amazon
Greenland
Iguazu
Madagascar
Namib
Okavango
Tibet

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Appendix Doggerland
Doggerland.
Andre Willers
2 Dec 2008

Where are the bodies ?
See New Scientist of 6 Nov 2008 p40 .

An interesting little problem .
There is a dearth of Mesolithic (circa 15 000 to 8 000 years ago) human skeletons in England . Even Neanderthals practiced some funerary rites , even if it only involved eating granny's stringy carcass salted with tears .

Discussion :
Let us step back to about 12 000 years ago . The lower sea-level (due to all the water locked-up in the ice-masses in the ice-age) made south-east England and the continent a contiguous land-mass . The English channel did not exist . In today's North Sea was a low lying 23 000 sq km landmass called Doggerland , nearly as big as England .
This has been mapped (see British Archaeological Reports number 31 , Archaeopress 2007 , by Gaffney et al) using seismic data from oil exploration companies .

Ireland was also contiguous with England (with maybe a narrow channel)

The Gulfstream meant that the southwestern regions had a fairly balmy climate . This became rapidly worse as you moved northwards . What is today England and Ireland were the highlands , ranging from heavily forested in the south to tundra and ice to the north .

Agriculture or domesticated animals had not arrived yet . Humans existed , and existed very well by fishing , fowling and hunting(mostly small game) . In the warmer and more fecund areas to the south , they were sedentary . As the living became more marginal in the colder areas to the north , nomadism increased .

Doggerland was a low-lying , marshy area teeming with birdlife and small game . Fishing abounded in the shallow waters .

If the trench between Ireland and England was open , the gulfstream would have branched up it . The surrounding areas would have been even more of a hunter-gatherer's paradise than Doggerland .

Population densities .
These can be surprisingly large , approaching agricultural levels . See Amerindian population levels in California pre-Spanish . At these levels it involves heavy use of what we call "sustainable ecological principles" . It really is farming , but not involving agriculture .
We are talking about a period of at least 5 000 years here , so there was plenty of time for the population to approach Malthusian and technological limits .

But the populations would be mostly around the coasts .

Funerary practices .
Being humans , every community would have different ones .
Recycling would be popular (cf Hindu , Pacific , African or Evenk sky-burial , where vultures do the honours) .
Burial , sea-burial , cremation , you name it .

Catastrophe .
Tsunamis were the major culprit .
As the temperature increased , big dams of melt-water built up behind the moraine-dams of the large glaciers bordering the north-sea . As they broke , huge waves washed over Doggerland without any warning whatsoever .
Underwater landslides contributed , as well as tectonic activity caused by plate-rebound as the ice burden eased .

Anything human was simply washed away . This included any graves . Any bones would have ended up on the bottom of the North Sea . Trawlers have dredged up human bones for more than a century .

Timeline :
About 9 000 years ago : the Irish Sea forms .
About 8 000 years ago : Doggerland disappears . The North Sea breaks through to form the English Channel . A huge mass of icy North Sea low-salinity water scoured a deep channel past Dover . This would have changed the weather for at least one season , as well as killed most sea-life .
Most surviving humans would have perished of hunger . (They had little in the way of food preservation , or reason to do so .)
Warfare for food left very few survivors .
(Present human civilizations would not survive such a fluctuation either.)

Note that the three known Mesolithic burial sites are on very high ground .

The Aftermath
The tsunamis continued for a thousand years or more . The survivors prudently avoided low-lying areas and eked out a miserable existence on the fortified hilltops . Things gradually improved as the climate became warmer and more stable . The tsunamis became infrequent . Immigrants from the continent brought the agricultural and domesticated animal civilization packages (a-la-Jared Diamond) .

Before you could say New Economic Paradigm , they were building graves that could not be washed away and seismic observatories .
(See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Nazca Lines and seismic prediction" )

Refugees .
This depends on their ship-building technology .
Even a small town can build sea-worthy ships .
The Vikings did it . So did the Greeks . Just about any civilization has done it . The question was: " Is there a profit in it?" A reason , apart from normal human inquisitiveness .
Trade (Cornish gold , tin and copper for Egyptian textiles springs to mind .) The foundations of the Bronze Age .
They had only to hug the coast around to Gibraltar to get into the Med .

Doggerland's major population centres would have been south of London , in the present English Channel .

The catastrophes described above did not happen all at once .
They would have seen their land being eaten up by the rising sea in the south and washed away by tsunamis in the north . (A bit like Florida).

Most would have stayed , assured by their priests and rulers that everything is under control . Those who left would not have gone to England , Ireland or France (too inhospitable) . Spain was better , but not very defensible . An island in a warm climate close to their main trading partner , Egypt ,would be ideal . Crete .

They would already have had trading outposts on Crete . The whole process probably took place about 8 000 to 9 000 years ago .(ie 6 000BC to 7 000BC) .

The Minoan and Egyptian civilizations then developed pari-passu into the Bronze Age .

Which is why the repopulation of England and Ireland proceeded so rapidly . The Minoans had ships and knew where all the mineral deposits were .

Atlantis .
(You didn't think you were getting away without another Atlantis , did you ?)

Plato's description of the destruction of Atlantis sounds like a horrified eyewitness account of a survivor of a tsunami . That rings true .

But he got it from an Egyptian source after about 5 000 years , who in turn got it from an Atlantean source . The periods involved get blurry .

Another puzzling feature is his insistence that the Atlanteans warred against the Athenians . The times don't match , even in his time-line .

But , remember , he was quoting an Egyptian account . From their viewpoint , Athenians were people from Athens (more specifically , the fortress of Akropolis) , not necessarily even Greeks .
The Akropolis had been a fortress since time immemorial .

He was also insistent that Atlantis was an imperially aggressive naval power . This fits in with the above speculation .

The Minoans aggressively established a trading empire across the Med .
An Outpost-Model , later copied by the Phoenicians , Portuguese , Dutch , etc. Characteristic of Sea Powers .

Thera .
Thera was a Minoan colony . Both it and the Minoan civilization was devastated by the explosion of the island and the resultant tsunamis on Crete .
Irony .

Etruscans .
An anomaly .
They were not molested by the Minoans or the Greeks . Even the Romans incorporated most of their civilization .

Likely a fundamentalist religious splinter group of the Minoans (ie Atlanteans) .
The timing seems about right . But well after the diaspora .

This would explain why the Romans were so determined to eradicate British Druidism . Normally , they tolerated just about any religion of a subject people (especially in the Republican era)
But Julius Caesar and all subsequent emperors went out of their way to destroy British Druidism . This is understandable if some of the Mysteries they took over from the Etruscans included religious beliefs about the Old Country . British Druidism would seem an abomination to them .

Architecture :
If you look carefully at Etruscan architecture (called Tuscan now) , you can see correlations with Minoan , Karnak and Carnac styles .
The Egyptians and Greeks were great copy-cats .
Look at the columns of their temples . They were too cheapskate to copy the taper from top-to-bottom Minoan look , so they tacked that ridiculous little flourish on top (see Ionion , Corinthian , Karnak styles)

Geomancy .
The western feng-shui . Not a well-known fact .
There is an extensive and well-developed western geomancy directly derived from the Etruscans via the Romans . The Greek version derived from the Minoans .
All cathedrals , without exception , were built according to these principles .
A whole plethora of rules about ratios , alignment with magnetic poles , etc , etc .
Most good architects are well aware of them , and keep to them . They usually make sense , and clients insist on them .

Traces of Atlantis.
If they used monoliths as pillars , the distinctive Minoan taper might be picked up on deep-sonar , deep-radar or gravitic sensors in the English Channel . Some elements might have been buried under deep silt from the Doggerland ground-mass , but the scouring action of the flood as the English Channel formed makes any small-piece survival unlikely . At the edges , maybe .
Their ship-building technology and architecture was copied quickly . There was no high-tech .

The only drawback is English snobbery . If it comes out that Atlantis was a suburb of London , we will never hear the end of it .

Andre
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The Unfairness of Betrayal .

2011-11-03T16:21:00.000-07:00

The Unfairness of Betrayal
Andre Willers
3 Nov 2011

Synopsis :
Betrayal is the greatest unfairness of them all .

Discussion :
Fairness can be seen as the homeostasis of social systems .
In social animals , this arises from neurological effects .
From experimental evidence , all social animals will punish behaviour deemed unfair , even at a cost to themselves .

In Humans , the major agencies are the mirror-neuron networks .
Any disturbance provokes countermeasures at a neurological level .

This almost always involves serotonin-cascades , especially if reproduction is involved .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Post Coital Depression Syndrome” Sep 2003

The system has mechanisms to handle competition .It has to , in order to survive .
It has to have ways to handle defeat . The subsequent result of the conditioning process is an homeostasis experienced as “Fairness” .

The Betrayer bypasses the competition handling mechanisms . Gains Trust .
The Betrayer then uses this to gain an advantage that is seen as unfair .

If offspring , actual or potential (ie sex) , is involved , some very deep serotonin cascades and instantaneous rage (adrenalin surges) episodes are initiated
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Post Coital Depression Syndrome” Sep 2003

There is no thinking . The levels are too deep . It is a wonder that there are not more murderous divorces .

The serotonin cascades means that the Betrayee feels joy in the rage . Some get addicted to it .
You know the type . Eternal victims , getting joy out of raging at their Betrayers .

Whistle-blowers
Trust is abused by betrayal .
This gives rise to a partial activation of the system . The absence of sex means serotonin- cascades are not initiated , but adrenalin-surges (rages) are .
It is never forgiven . It is fixated in the amygdala .

Note your reaction to two notorious betrayers :
Judas Iscariot and Benedict Arnold .

Now note your reaction to the following statements :
Judas Iscariot was a secret agent following orders from his Maccabean commanders in the struggle against Roman tyranny.
Benedict Arnold was a British secret agent that infiltrated the American Rebellion .

You see ?
James Bond falls within an acceptable competition paradigm .

So , whistle-blowers can be protected by a cover story that they had been undercover agents all along . Even if it is suspected that it is not true , the deep reaction will not be invoked .
Remember , this is well below conscious level .

But that won't help if sex is involved .
Mirror-neuron networks will activate the serotonin cascades even on known fictional betrayals .
The whole Romance-novel formula is based on this . And it works every time , regardless of conscious knowledge .

Female secret agents that use sex are never forgiven by men or women .
There is an out : sex here means potential children . If it is made clear that there is no possibility of children (hysterectomy , etc) , the serotonin cascades do not get switched on .

Feel your reaction to the statement “Delilah could not have children after she had
been raped . She then worked for her country.”

Forgiveness :
A full activation of the Betrayal system gets written to the amygdala . This is evolutionary driven .
Even partial repetitions only reinforces it .
People get more-and-more bitter and enraged until they die .
Or they can reprogram the amygdala .
Also known as real forgiveness .

This can be done .
Usually done for Post Traumatic Stress syndrome .
I am surprised that cosmetic Amygdala Virtual Surgery has not been thought of .
It should be very lucrative .

How much will you pay to get rid of the rage about an ex ?

Betrayal Addiction :
Betrayal is addictive . A good betrayer has to have a sensitive mirror-neuron network . This activates the same serotonin cascades and rage surges as the betrayees .
But he can do it again and again .
It follows the standard addiction patterns.
“Why is that politician so pale and shaky ? Because he has not betrayed anybody for at least a month .”

Fairness , Justice and Betrayal
Fairness is the deepest . Justice is seen as an expression of fairness in (admittedly imperfect) human terms .
If the Judicial System disagrees with Fairness , this is seen as Betrayal . The King , nobles ,etc has betrayed the People , the people being fairness nowadays . Previously the Will Of Heaven , the Favour of the Gods , etc .
Heads then roll and dynasties fall .

Note the activation of ecstatic rage in revolutions . Individuals literally do not care what happens to themselves .

Expect to see a lot more of it than the present luke-warm Arab Spring and OccupyWallStreet .

Things are unfair .
A revolution , any revolution .

Andre .

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Modern Ruins .

2011-11-03T13:40:00.000-07:00

Modern Ruins
Andre Willers
3 Nov 2011

“Look on my works , ye Mighty , and despair!” Ozymandias by Shelley

Synopsis:
Population decline and technological shifts are creating Ruins of Abandonment in even major centers. These can be positively utilized .

Discussion:

Ruins of Abandonment :
The people simply walk , ride or drive away , leaving it all behind .

This is best illustrated by examples :

Detroit :
http://www.marchandmeffre.com/detroit/
http://www.detroityes.com/home.htm

A Great City tumbling into ruin .
Shades of Angkor Wat , Maya , Aral Sea , Middle East , Zimbabwe , Makgadigadi , Sha'aba , etc

Not primarily due to war .
Resources are mismanaged into extinction . The disgusted citizens vote with their feet .

A falling population (as is the case now in the world except for Africa) means that the ruins are not repopulated . Property cannot be given away , because of the debt-burdens (ie mortgages , rates , taxes , etc , etc)
Not even a slum .

Future Ruins :
Suburbia .
Cheap oil enabled suburbia . This has already come to an end , but the beastie is slower dying than the ham in Hamlet .

Trade centres like New York , London , Hamburg , etc
As populations fall and technology shifts , large areas will become of negative worth . They will simply be abandoned .

A reversal of the decaying CBD .
A declining hi-tech populace will huddle together in the fabulous city centers , surrounded by miles and miles of ruins , where the moans of ghostly landlords whine over the stumps of capitalist crenellations .

Los Angeles is a special case .
It will probably go the way of Detroit . The critical resource is water .

In general , production centers are vulnerable to technological shifts or resource depletion .Eg Detroit , mining ghost towns .
Trading centers are more flexible . But they require markets (ie populations) . As these decrease ,
so does the cities . The Middle East has many examples. (Cf Petra)

Urbanization :
The latest UN statistics indicate that the rural populations have just about achieved steady state .
Any growth in the city is from internal sources .
Large enough conurbations have achieved critical mass , as long as some critical resources like water and fuel are above choke-point levels .
Below those levels , catastrophic ruin formation takes place , regardless of population levels .

Catastrophic ruin formation
Before mass transport and lots of practice in WWI and WWII , this used to mean departure to the next world .
Now , we call them eco-refugees , but at least they are still alive .
See “The Grapes of Wrath” by Steinbeck for a gritty description fast Ruinification due to mismanagement . Note the effect of rapid transport .

Tourism :
Mining memories and misconceptions .
A major money maker for “old” cities like Cairo , Athens , Rome , Istanbul , etc .
Toyota might sponsor tours for their employees to the Ruins of Detroit “pour encourager les autres”
“My grandaddy poured steel here (ie tightened nuts on an assembly line)”
And so forth .

Ruin Parks .
Ruins thus have an income generating value , as long as the are , well , not too ruined .
Areas of Detroit should be set aside and protected like national parks
This should go hand-in-hand with tourist promotion and some judicious rumours .
This has already started .
Academia will not be far behind .

The Hidden Treasures in the ruins of Detroit , New York , whatever .
Make lemonade of that lemon . In the true spirit that gave them the ruins .

Ruin Mining .
There are lots of valuable resources in the ruins . In a depleted world , highly efficient mining techniques (like bio-mining) can recover them . Hence the need of Ruin Parks .

Species adapted to Ruins :
Rats , of course .
Doves , pigeons (bred by humans , then went feral on civilization collapses . Note the lack of evolutionary antecedants and fearlessness of humans)
Cyotes , foxes
Etc .

This is a very large field . It will be of great interest to Green geneticists in producing species that would survive a human population crash , but still maintain ecological support for the surviving humans . (Your battery hen is not exactly going to hack it)

See “The Mote in Gods Eye” by Larry Niven . It gives a good view of the effects of many cycles of civilization crashes .

Immigration :
The human race has had a lot of experience with catastrophic depopulation , but little of managed depopulation .Hence the present love-hate relationship in the US towards Middle-Americans , or Europe towards Turks or Africans .

The Western depopulation has not yet begun to bite . But it is exponential in reverse . Market oriented economies will need to replenish their markets . Repopulate the ruins .

An ironic turnabout .
The rejected inconvenient boulder has become the corner-stone .

The melancholy pleasure of Ruins .
As long as you are not looking into a mirror of the future .

Andre

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UV Skin Protection.

2011-11-02T16:06:00.000-07:00

UV Skin Protection
Andre Willers
2 Nov 2011

“Can't live with them , can't live without them.” Pop-song , circa 20th century

Synopsis:
Optimal UV skin protection should allow only radiation of 295-297 nM to get to the skin to ensure Vit D3 production , and then only for about 30 minutes a day at midday in temperate regions .
Smart clothes with a nanostructure that is transparent at these wavelenghts is indicated .
Any other UV results in greater risks of DNA abnormalities (especially at 260 and 280 nM) or Folic acid destruction (especially at 290 and 360 nM)

Discussion:

0.Evolutionary Overview :

0.1Folic acid was first . It kept DNA/RNA structures stable . Note that the molecule contains only Oxygen , Hydrogen and Nitrogen atoms . A very early chaperone , even before the enrichment of the Earth's ecosphere with exotic metals from the Great Bombardment circa 3 Billion Years Ago .

0.2Vit D2 was next . Ergosterol(a membrane sterol) + UV → VitD2 . Ergosterol is only produced by fungi , phytoplankton , invertebrates . One of Gaia's major feedback stabilizing tricks .
See previous posts on non-angioforms .
http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : "Death of the Dinosaurs" Dec 2008

0.3Vit D3 was next :Calcium deposit regulation (bones and egg shells) .
“Dem bones , dem bones” Dem bones are just ambulatory eggs .

0.4Scales and Hairs(fine scales) evolved as a natural UVA shield .
VitD3 production was cleverly shifted to oils exposed to UV , ingested by grooming .
See below.

0.5When Humans lost most of their fur :
This is usually associated with the invention of clothes and the rise of fashion .
The prevention of the destruction of folic acid is much more important than the VitD formation .

But why keep such a vulnerable component so near the surface of the skin , where UV can get to it ? Because the skin is where the the rubber meets the tar . The skin erodes away fast , and it has to be replaced continually and quickly . For this the folic acid chaperone is essential . That is why even small spanners in the gears from UV here result in such malignant melanomas .

Clothes give double protection against folic acid destruction , as well as general melanomas .
And you could always take them off .

The result was heavy selection against body fur . Apart from the metabolic cost , it also formed host-niches for parasites like lice .
Exit body fur
Enter skin colours . See Appendix A(1)

Note the intriguing suggestion that the pale nordic skins evolved as a result of the invention of agriculture circa 6 000 – 10 000 years ago (some genetic evidence) . The logic is that hunter-gatherers could get enough VitD from their diet (like eskimo's) . Only when the preponderance of their diet shifted from hunting to farming , did a strong evolutionary pressure towards a lighter skin arise .

0.6Caffeine a hyper-apoptosis inducer ?

If true , this has major ramifications .
Caffeine + VitD3 + Folic Acid + VitD2 should then have great effect in ameliorating the damage caused by radiation (cancer therapy , sunburn , etc) . I put in VitD2 since I strongly suspect that it is very involved in the feedback processes .

It would also explain why caffeine (coffee , tea , colas , etc) are so popular .
There would be more healthy children , as sickly foetuses would spontaneously abort with greater frequency . This would lead to a population explosion . As was observed in the West or East where coffee or tea was consumed in large quantities . The poor man's genetic engineering .

But what is in it for the plant ?
Well , coffee is now the largest traded commodity after oil . A large part of of the planet's arable surface is devoted to coffee or tea . An evolutionary success

What is in it for humans ?
A drastic decrease in UV cancers (gives more farmers cultivating the plants ) , but also greater tolerances to environmental pollution . This on its own would significantly enhance large conurbations .
Steppe dwellers (Turks , Mongols , Tibetans , Afrikaners , etc ) were all subject to high UV radiation , and all (without exception) , used caffeine if available .
We can even go so far as to say that the high-UV areas would be non-viable for human habitation if it were not for the hyper-apoptosis gene-editing of caffeine .

See
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunscreen
Recent evidence indicates that caffeine and caffeine sodium benzoate increase UVB-inducedapoptosis both in topical and oral applications. In mice, UVB-induced hyperplasia was greatly reduced with administration of these substances. Although studies in humans remain untested, caffeine and caffeine sodium benzoate may be novel inhibitors of skin cancer.[67]

0.6Birds , Chickens and Caffeine .
Successful pathogens would be focussed via preening mechanisms if they have access to human caffeine middens (coffee grounds , tea bags , etc) . Instead of of declining in well-known ways , the pathological agents' genetic drift is slowed or halted by the caffeine induced apoptosis of mutants .
This would have significant epidemiological effects , not catered for in present models .

0.7Summary .
Sunscreens or sunblockers used for more than 20 minutes seems to be more risky than clothing and a moisterizer like olive oil . This risk can be ameliorated to an unknown degree by caffeine intake .

A note of caution : VitD2 seems to be associated with the major Gaiean non-angiosperm feedback system . It has to be taken into account .

0.8Sources :
I have put the sources in Appendix A .
Best is to read the links .

“Don't put your daughter in the Sunspot , Mrs Worthington.” With apologies to Noel Coward .
Andre .

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Appendix A
1.General Skin-color overview :
http://anthro.palomar.edu/adapt/adapt_4.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_skin_color

2.Folic Acid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folic_acid
Vitamin B9 (folic acid and folate inclusive) is essential to numerous bodily functions. The human body needs folate to synthesize DNA, repair DNA, and methylate DNA as well as to act as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.[7] It is especially important in aiding rapidcell division and growth,

http://www.edoj.org.eg/vol002/00201/13/paper.pdf
B randa and Eaton [5]
previously reported that exposure of human plasma in vitro to solarsimulated radiation causes 30-50% loss of folate within 60 minutes. In
vitro studies have also shown that various folate vitamers
(polyglutamates) may be detected using fluorescence detection at UV
excitation of different wavelength, e.g. 290 nm or 360 nm[13]

3.Vitamin D
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D
In humans vitamin D is unique both because it functions as aprohormone and the body can synthesize it (as vitamin D3) when sun exposure is adequate.
Cholecalciferol (Vit D3) is produced photochemically in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol; 7-dehydrocholesterol is produced in relatively large quantities in the skin of most vertebrate animals, including humans.[13] The naked mole rat appears to be naturally cholecalciferol deficient, as serum 25-OH vitamin D levels are undetectable.[14] In some animals, the presence of fur or feathers blocks the UV rays from reaching the skin. In birds and fur-bearing mammals, vitamin D is generated from the oily secretions of the skin deposited onto the feathers or fur and is obtained orally during grooming.[15]

4.General UV absorption
http://www.jstor.org/pss/3575456
Abstract
Although DNA absorption at wavelengths greater than 300 nm is much weaker than that at shorter wavelengths, this absorption seems to be responsible for much of the biological damage caused by solar radiation of wavelengths less than 320 nm. Accurate measurement of the absorption spectrum of DNA above 300 nm is complicated by turbidity characteristic of concentrated solutions of DNA. We have measured the absorption spectra of DNA from calf thymus, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, salmon testis, and human placenta using procedures which separate optical density due to true absorption from that due to turbidity. Above 300 nm, the relative absorption of DNA increases as a function of guanine-cytosine content, presumably because the absorption of guanine is much greater than the absorption of adenine at these wavelengths. This result suggests that the photophysical processes which follow absorption of a long-wavelength photon may, on the average, differ from those induced by shorter-wavelength photons. It may also explain the lower quantum yield for the killing of cells by wavelengths above 300 nm compared to that by shorter wavelengths.

5.UV Screens
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunscreen
Some sunscreen chemicals produce potentially harmful substances if they are illuminated while in contact with living cells.[27][28][29] The amount of sunscreen which penetrates through the stratum corneum may or may not be large enough to cause damage. In one study of sunscreens, the authors write:
The question whether UV filters acts on or in the skin has so far not been fully answered. Despite the fact that an answer would be a key to improve formulations of sun protection products, many publications carefully avoid addressing this question.[30]
In an experiment by Hanson et al. that was published in 2006, the amount of harmful reactive oxygen species was measured in untreated and in sunscreen-treated skin. In the first 20 minutes the film of sunscreen had a protective effect and the number of ROS species was smaller. After 60 minutes, however, the amount of absorbed sunscreen was so high that the amount of ROS was higher in the sunscreen-treated skin than in the untreated skin.[6]
Some epidemiological studies indicate an increased risk of malignant melanoma for the sunscreen user.[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Despite these studies, no medical association has published recommendations to not use sunblock. Different meta-analysis publications have concluded that the evidence is not yet sufficient to claim a positive correlation between sunscreen use and malignant melanoma.[40][41]

The use of sunscreen also interferes with vitamin D production, leading to deficiency in Australia after a government campaign to increase sunscreen use.[44] Doctors recommend spending small amounts of time in the sun without sun protection to ensure adequate production of vitamin D.[45] When the UV index is greater than 3 (which occurs daily within the tropics and daily during the spring and summer seasons in temperate regions) adequate amounts of vitamin D3 can be made in the skin after only ten to fifteen minutes of sun exposure at least two times per week to the face, arms, hands, or back without sunscreen. With longer exposure to UVB rays, an equilibrium is achieved in the skin, and the vitamin simply degrades as fast as it is generated.[46]

For those who choose to tan, some dermatologists recommend the following preventative measures:
Sunscreens should block both UVA and UVB rays. These are called broad-spectrum sunscreens, which should also be hypoallergenic and noncomedogenic so it doesn't cause a rash or clog the pores, which can cause acne.
Sunscreens need to be applied thickly enough to get the full SPF protection.
Sunscreens should be applied 15 to 30 minutes before exposure, followed by one reapplication 15 to 30 minutes after the sun exposure begins. Further reapplication is only necessary after activities such as swimming, sweating, and rubbing.[65]
Sun rays are strongest between 10 am and 4 pm.[66] Sun rays are stronger at higher elevations(mountains) and latitudes near the equator.
Wearing a hat with a brim and anti-UV sunglasses can provide almost 100% protection against ultraviolet radiation entering the eyes.
Reflective surfaces like snow and water can greatly increase the amount of UV radiation to which the skin is exposed.
Recent evidence indicates that caffeine and caffeine sodium benzoate increase UVB-inducedapoptosis both in topical and oral applications. In mice, UVB-induced hyperplasia was greatly reduced with administration of these substances. Although studies in humans remain untested, caffeine and caffeine sodium benzoate may be novel inhibitors of skin cancer.[67]
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The Ostrum Game.

2011-10-29T12:05:00.001-07:00

The Ostrum Game
Andre Willers
30 Oct 2011

“One Game shall bind them all .” , ( with apologies to Tolkien)
“This time , we know for sure the grass is greener somewhere”
“A Revolution , any Revolution.”

Synopsis :
A Game for Grown-ups .
The Eight Ostrum Design Principles are Meta-rules that generate self-consistent sets of rules that encompasses competition , co-operation , catastrophe , hierarchies and other systems undreamt of , all between discrete , interacting , self-organising systems .
Your avatar can go from SecondLife to Simworld , to War Worlds , to any desired locale .
Reality becomes a subset .

Discussion :
1.An incredible amount of money can be made .While money still has some meaning .
Without too much work . See Para 8 in Appendix A
Each Game Company is a base nested institution .
They bind easily together , releasing a lot of energy and money .
Explosive Feedback Synergism .
A run-up to the Singularity .

2.Feedback between Games and Reality :
The Meta-rules make no differentiation between Game-characters and Real-characters .
Indeed , many Real-characters have been spun into Game-characters , and vice-versa .
Think Sherlock Holmes , MacGyver , Gauss , young Werther etc
See “mirror-neuron networks” , any soap opera , etc .

Real-life problems get treated the same way as Game problems . The more diverse and sophisticated the Game interactions become , the more effect on any real or Game system .
Eventually , they become undistinguishable as technology progresses .

3.The Grass is provably greener somewhere .
Long known as a wishful thinking fallacy , until Ostrum published the Design Principles in 1990 .
This was the trigger event of under-the-surface knowledge about Ostrum Rules building up .
Suddenly , it became possible .

A Phase-change in the noosphere occurred .

It meant that a Disaster of the Commons or an Empire was not inevitable . Grandchildren could survive .

WE CAN MAKE THE GRASS GREENER , EVEN IF WE HAVE TO PAINT IT ONE BLADE AT A TIME .

Enormous tensions began surfacing . These effects are still playing out now .
A really , really major Hysterical Focus started forming , and is still intensifying .

Now , are you surprised that 1990 was the year of huge revolutions , when the USSR collapsed ?

The Ostrum Game beat the Ring of Power .

And you have not seen anything yet .

The pace of Revolutions is intensifying .
A good thing , if Homo wishes to escape extinction .

4.Automating Ostrum Rules :
They might be Meta-rules , but they are still rules .
We can certainly write programs that can serve to guide past most of the pitfalls and suggest alternatives .

5.Multicellular Bodies as Commons :
We can certainly analyze bodies in terms of Commons . The Dear Reader will find many interesting things if he does that .
Note the emphasis on communication .
Talk to your body . Aloud . And listen in the silences in between .
Create a virtual body and note the interactions .
Use the Ostrum Design principles .

6.Singularity :
It is immediately obvious that humans are then not limited to Real biochemical definitions of personality . The emphasis on communication means that personalities are distributed across Real and Game spaces . The Game space personality segments are only limited by internal non-contradictory rules . That can be done via Ostrum Design principles .

Not exactly instantaneous , but I can intuit that the time can be calculated . It would be less than real time .
The putative developing system would have ethical constraints on abandoning Real-part personalities under Ostrum Rules .
Told you it would be kindler , gentler .

7.Phase Change :
The system has already undergone an irrevocable phase change in 1990 .
You can fast-forward the rest .

8.Did Ostrum know what she was unleashing ?
The Revolutionary aspects , nearly certainly .
In her quiet way , she is one of the greatest Revolutionaries in Homo Sapiens history . Worthy of being called a Matriarch .

The Singularity aspect is more uncertain . She certainly knew that she unleashed major fairness , but the phase-change in the Noosphere I do not know .
Still , a tour-de-force .

How do feel like being a pet of your avatar ?

Andre .

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Appendix A
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom
To quote from Wiki : (comments in brackets are my own ).

“ Ostrom identifies eight "design principles" of stable local common pool resource management:[10]
1. Clearly defined boundaries (effective exclusion of external un-entitled parties;
2. Rules regarding the appropriation and provision of common resources that are adapted to local conditions; (Equal sharing of debts and rewards)
3. Collective-choice arrangements that allow most resource appropriators to participate in the decision-making process; (Consensus decisions-no leveraged hierarchies)
4. Effective monitoring by monitors who are part of or accountable to the appropriators; (Policing)
5. A scale of graduated sanctions for resource appropriators who violate community rules; (Opportunity to learn from mistakes )
6. Mechanisms of conflict resolution that are cheap and of easy access; (Fair and Fast Justice . See how Inquisitorial Justice systems like Chinese , French or Sharia does it.)
7. Self-determination of the community recognized by higher-level authorities; (Autonomy within clearly defined levels . Something like a Federation.)
8. In the case of larger common-pool resources,organization in the form of multiple layers of nested enterprises, with small local CPRs at the base level. (Clear and quick relations with others. A potential sticky point with states.)
Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action Ostrom, Elinor, Cambridge University Press, 1990 “

The most important book in the Twentieth Century .
Try to read it .

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Superfast athletes

2011-10-25T15:35:00.000-07:00

Superfast Athletes -The Chirp Effect .
Andre Willers
25 Oct 2011

“We can do it , because it has been done.”

Synopsis :
The terminal buzz .
Chirp Focus .
A peak of up to 200 contractions and relaxations per second of the bat's sonic muscles vs 40 Hz for hummingbird wings . It has been done with mammalian muscles .

Discussion :
All mammals can sense this crescendo (ie chirp)
The muscle cycles is timed to the sensory system .
The boundaries for sustained activity is not energy supply (this is more than sufficient – see previous posts on mitochondria) , but the removal of wastes , particularly those that govern the fat storage mechanism (ie the garbage system)

This means that a good athlete will be fatter after strenuous exercise .

Let's go batshit .
Guano , to be more precise .
This contains some genes , amino acids , what you will , that breaks down fat cells (ie takes out the garbage) better than anything we have at present . Probably a symbiote in the guano .
Bats need a closed space like a cave to accumulate a sufficient density of the symbiote to generate high enough muscle contractions (200 Hz) to hunt .

Dinosaurs and bats
Finding this x-factor seems difficult , until we remember that dinosaurs could not afford to get tired . A requirement for being large , Inversely , dinosaurs did not get tired . This is a plus in an energy rich environment , but a minus in an energy poor environment

See http://andreswhy.blogspot/com “The Flower , the Dinosaur and Puff” Dec 2008

Bats utilized some genes from the skin ecology of dinosaurs to get these high frequencies .

A Fat cure for Humans
This is trivial . Trawl through the guano and find DNA sequences not common to bats .
Chirp in from there . Craig Venter could do it an afternoon . But the consequences ….

Fungi death of bats , bees , etc
This is trivial . You have been warned against this in previous posts . Disturbance of Gaia's Reserves on non-angiosperm systems have been noted . Mammals, never mind Humans , are an amusing experiment on Gaia's part . If core reserves are touched , swift consequences follow .

Kindly look at planetary biomasses , especially the inversions in the ocean systems .
Humans might think they are the cat's whiskers , but they are actually teetering on the edge of extinction at the present moment .

Never mind .As a mammal you are entitled to get tired of this crap .
Andre .

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Tuberculosis(TB)

2011-10-25T12:47:00.000-07:00

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Tuberculosis(TB)
Andre Willers
26 Oct 2011

“Bright star , would I were as steadfast as thou art” John Keats (died of TB)

Synopsis :
This is not medical advice . Consult your doctor .
ADD and TB are linked by a deficit in Vitamin D , with very important threshold effects .
UV blockers , clothing and buildings have cleverly created whole populations of ADD and TB susceptible children . Not to mention other lurking nasties .

Discussion :
Melanin concentration :
The color of the skin .Usually erroneously associated with race . Evolved as a balance at any particular latititude between the VitD production from UV and Folic acid destruction .

This has been unbalanced mainly by Fashion .
Clothes and cosmetics .
Cosmetics are the oldest (cf Blombos caves in South Africa) .
Skin paint would reduce folic acid destruction , leading to higher viable fetus survival .
A literal matter of life-or-death to a small community .
Clothes ditto .

Ironically , clothes then evolved not to keep warm , but as shielding from too great Folic Acid destruction . This enabled the paleolithic Volkewanderung .

The women could match their fertility to the latitude . Remarkable .
The reason for Homo's great colonization success .

Flux :
The essence of the system was flux , as , indeed , it still is today .

Fashion goes too far , disturbing everything , necessitating everybody to run around like like mad to keep up , never mind get ahead .

Isn't Culture wonderful ?

Especially when this happens at genetic and epigenetic level .

What does this mean ?
This post was triggered by the finding that All Coloured TB sufferers in the Western Cape of SA had a deficiency of VitD . They had the correct skin color for the latitude , but too much clothing
This led to ADD. Which led to Gangs and Tik (Methamphetamine) , both concentration enhancers .
What a terrible trap .

Giving them Vit D supplements might help prevent future recruits , but the the present momentum remains .

The same is true for the ADD epidemic in the far northern or southern latitudes where they wear a lot of clothes and live in buildings .

Sports :
I really don't want to do this , but the evidence compels me .
Sporting activity in open sunshine with exposure to UVB is essential to physical and mental development of Homo Sapiens . There are also certain thresholds of UVB that must be exceeded .
If not , VitD below certain thresholds lead to Seasonal Affectional Disorder (SAD) which leads to ADD , which leads to cognitive concentrators like Methamphetamines(Tik , Ritalin) , too much alcohol, too much anything .

Riches , Fashion and Disease :
“Even the peasants wear clothes !”
Sigh . This simply means that their immune system's balance are disturbed . They are are more prone to diseases , unless supplements are given .
The balance is irrevocably disturbed . There can be no going back .But the bad effects can be ameliorated . There will be no New Balance .

But we all knew that when Fashion was invented .

Toujours , mes enfants .

And give a helping hand to the small ones .

Andre

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Appendix A
TB and Vitamin D .
Google “vitamin d tb” for latest findings .

The crucial point is that a certain threshold of Vitamin D concentration is necessary to trigger innate and learned immune system responses against TB and other nasties .
Thresholds , not just presence .This is why further studies are necessary to determine the critical levels .

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Appendix B
AttentionDeficitDisorder
Andre Willers
24 Nov 2007

Key Concepts:
AttentionDeficitDisorder
HyperActivity

Melatonin
Serotonin
VitD

MkIII and MkIV humans
CamelType

Discussion:
Four states are possible:

1.NoAttentionDeficitDisorder and NoHyperActivity
-> MkIII human -> desultory concentration -> lack of long-term application.

2.NoAttentionDeficitDisorder and HyperActivity
-> MkIV human -> obsessive concentration .

3.AttentionDeficitDisorder and NoHyperActivity
-> Learned helplessness -> neural weights are randomized ->apathy

4.AttentionDeficitDisorder and HyperActivity
-> HyperActiveFlea -> hop around ->fads utilized by state 1 and 2 humans .

Problem states:
State 3 is pathological , while State 4 is generally associated with children and juveniles of various ages .

State 4 to State 2.
Note that it is easier to shift State 4 to State 2 . This is one of the major driving forces in the epigenetic explosion of MkIV humans . HyperActivity can be left intact , while AttentionFocussing is conditioned .

The conditioning is social (schools , etc) and chemical (Ritalin , etc) .
A less problematic way would be to increase interest at a neurological level .

CamelType is one such way . (“The humps , the humps in the walls” a-la-HPLovecraft)
Originally evolved as adspeak , it is a way of increasing attention at a basic neurological way by alternating lower and upper cases in a pseudo-random way . This can be done dynamically on-screen , or better , on smart paper .

For example :

I TalK SenSe
i taLK sEnSe
i tAlk seNsE

There are 2^n ways of CamelTyping n letters in a sentence .
If in groups of three , a sense of order is engendered .

A neural-network mind looking at a screen where the upper and lower cases change pseudo-randomly is seduced into trying to deduce the rule .
Even if there is no rule , partial sequences of threes will be used and defended as rules
The neural-network cannot help it . It HAS to try and find correlations .
This is a well-known mechanism in horse-races , casinos and lotteries .
See also Sudoku , Chess , Go , Bridge , History , Science , etc .

State 3 to State 4.

State 3 is learned helplessness . This is Extremely difficult to work with , as there is no handle . The line of least energy is to convert State 3 into state 4 (AttentionDeficit stays the same , but induce hyperactivity) , then convert State 4 into State 1 or 2 .

State 4 seems to be a way-station for juveniles and other emotional cripples .

This is a favourite pathway for religious systems or armies .

Note that the most difficult pathway is from State 4 to State 1 . This can be observed in history .

This translates into “The weirdos seem to control all the committees.”

Where does , Melatonin , Serotonin , VitD fit in ?
VitD (or to be more exact , one and only one metabolic breakdown product (1,25D) is essential to trigger the expression of a large number of genes . Literally thousands of proteins cannot be formed without the intervention of this chemical . It is generally systemic . This means that you need it all the time . Gross shortages lead to things like rickets , but long before that metabolic abnormalities like auto-immune diseases strike , as juvenile immune responses are prolonged . The body cannot mature .

The genes expressing serotonin require VitD (hence Winter Sadness) .
Surface animals like humans have retained the capability of manufacturing VitD in their skins . Subsurface animals like fish (cod) have retained the necessary genes without solar input . Refer Esquimeaux.

The dosages : where the ping hits the plenum .
One healthy bikini clad girl needs about ½ hour of sunlight at median latitudes to get enough VitD (about 10 000 units) . A tbs of cod liver oil will give her about 1 000 units . Wearing clothes just leaving the face exposed is insufficient to generate enough VitD for procreation .

What a beautiful trap .
Humans in the high latitudes either have to migrate once in a lifetime to an latitude where there is enough sunshine (UVB) for enough VitD for essential gene-triggering to ensure fertility , or they had to eat fish products like codliver , caviar , salmon , etc to ensure the maturity of their own cell-cycles .

When neither is possible , human fertility rates fall . As what happened in the last century . What this stirs is ur-volkewanderung . All to be prevented by a VitD supplement .

The turnaround in Russian birthrates can be ascribed to the re-establishing of the Black-Sea holiday resorts .

And so it goes .

Andre

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Appendix C
AttentionDeficitDisorder 2
Andre Willers
8 Dec 2007

Key Concepts:
AttentionDeficitDisorder (see previous post)
HyperActivity

VitD
Biologically active sulfur for the skin
Essential Fatty Acids

Discussion:

I hereby give the overview and sources not mentioned in the previous post on AttentionDeficitDisorder .

Vitamin D
An excellent overview given in November 2007 issue of Scientific American “ Cell Defenses : Sunshine Vitamin”
www.beyonddiscovery.org/content/view.article.asp?a=414
“1,25 diHydroxyvitaminD3 is a direct inducer ofAntimicrobial Peptide Gene Expression” by Wang et al Journal of Immunology vol 173 p2909-2913,2004
“The Pleiotropic actions of vitaminD” Lin BioEssays Vol26 .p649 March 2004
“Vitamin deficiency” by Holick “New England Journal of Medicine , Vol357,no3,p266-281.july 19,2007.

Biologically active sulphur .
I have discussed this before . It is sufficient to note that animals whose skins we want to use for things like shoes and furs , need additional supplements of sulphur to be usable . (Google “MSM animal feeds”)
This means that humans are also deficient in biologically active sulphur .

Discussion:
Sulphur is essential in the normal deployment of skin organelles .There is a synergistic effect .

The less sulphur , the less Vit D.

Cheap clothing and urbanization means that most humans only expose a small part of their body for small periods to UVB . A general shortage of sulphur exacerbates the effect , as the skin cannot function optimally .

The net effect is a chronic shortage of Vitamin D .

In Utero effects:
Switching on and off of genes are especially important during gestation . If there is general shortage of 1,25D during this period , the available supplies are switched to the most important systems . (This is a very ancient system) . Certain later genes do not get switched on . This leads to immune problems . Notice the dominant effect of VitD vs Folic Acid .

Can this be rectified?
Yes . During growth spurts . The puberty+ stage is important .
As discussed before , AttentionDeficitDisorder and HyperActivity is not only normal in the spurt of growth in neuromass after puberty , but essential . Every human goes through this stage .

Intervention :
Northern latitude Europeans used to have a cheap source of VitD and Essential Fatty Acids in oily fish . They have destroyed these fish stocks and are now paying the price .

The problem is not only an on-going shortage of 1,25D , but an accumulated shortage of gene switches which did not happen .

Which is why there is an upper limit to VitD dosages . Too much , and the accumulated by-products of long-delayed gene-switch-on’s poisens the organism .

Why do these delays build up ? Because these steps are essential in maturing sperm and ova cells . The corrollary is , of course , that fertility rates in far northern latitudes are very low . This is borne out by evidence (Laps , Mongols , Esquimeaux,etc)

Actual Case study:
A male youth entering puberty with symptoms of chronic VitD deficiency .
Certain gene-sets do not switch on (extended neotony) . This is observed as babylike behaviour: hyperactivity and inability to concentrate for long periods .

Puberty makes this much worse .
Available resources of VitD , Essential fatty acids and Sulphur are stretched to breaking point by development imperatives .

Intervention is simply making these building blocks available.
The dosages :
Sulphur is critical . Cells divide ,especially brain and muscle-cells .
Give a lot of MSM : 10 gm /day
VitD uptake will be enhanced , if sunshine exposure of about ½ hr per day is followed . You will tan rapidly and skin will be smooth .
If this is not possible , supplementations should be done . But note upper limit .
Essential fatty acids : the building blocks of the brain . Two tablespoons of flaxseedoil and codliveroil a day

Adults:
If you plan lots of MSM and sunshine , be sure to include antioxidants .Make sure the exposure is logarithmic : a little at the start , then increasing rapidly . You will notice that you tan more rapidly (1/2 hr instead of days) . You are also more sane . (Less unstable)

Pak protector .
A theoretical construct by Larry Niven . Also known as grandmothers .The genetic effect is real .
Surviving Grandmothers are all Pak protectors to some degree .

Grandmothers like fish (all the ones I know) . Essential fatty acids etc .
Adding megadoses should be interesting .

Pak protectors on the female line are well known and real . But are there male Pak protectors ? We know that it would be an ancient system . The females groom the male into being the Pak protector . The effect is real . The male lives longer and is dominant . But the females are also caught in the same trap .The planet might have only one male Pak protector , and millions of female Pak protectors . Yet the females cannot co-ordinate without a nominal hierarchical head .

Any male can declare himself Pak protector . This has not been done for about 4 000 years . Interesting times indeed .

The Grandmother Party can indeed sweep the planet .
Who , after all , keeps the whole shebang together?

A toast to the Pak Party .

Andre

Peanut Allergies .

2011-10-22T13:38:00.001-07:00

Peanut Allergies
Andre Willers
22 Oct 2011

Synopsis:
This is not medical advice . Consult your doctor .
Roasted peanut allergies seem to be generated by a properly vigilant immune system acting against neurotoxins like acrylamide .
Diabetics or persons allergic to peanuts should avoid aspartame , or foods high in aspartic acid/asparagine . They should not do desensitization training without awareness of the risk of peripheral neuropathy .

Discussion :
The Peanut is a Wonder-plant .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut
Hypogaea means "under the earth", after pollination, the flower stalk elongates causing it to bend until the ovary touches the ground. Continued stalk growth then pushes the ovary underground where the mature fruit develops into a legume pod, the peanut – a classical example of geocarpy
it has two sets of chromosomes from two different species, thought to be A. duranensis and A. ipaensis.
Archeologists have dated the oldest specimens to about 7,600 years, found in Peru.[8

China is the world's largest peanut producer. A major factor in this increase was the household-responsibility system, which moved financial control from the government to the farmers

Antarctic expeditions thus settled on peanut butter as the ideal foodstuff .

Roasting:
According to a 2003 study, roasting peanuts, as more commonly done in North America, causes the major peanut allergen Ara h2 to become a stronger inhibitor of the digestive enzyme trypsin, making it more resistant to digestion.[25]Additionally, this allergen has also been shown to protect Ara h1, another major peanut allergen, from digestion —- a characteristic further enhanced by roasting.[25]

Acrylamide :
A potent neurotoxin .

Raw peanuts have 3.5% by weight of aspartic acid (compared to 4% for smooth , organic peanut butter)
But roasting the peanuts converts a large percentage of the aspartic acid into acrylamide .

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Peripheral Neuropathy of Legs:a cure” Apr 2010

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylamide
In fried or baked goods, acrylamide may be produced by the reaction between asparagine and reducing sugars (fructose,glucose, etc.) or reactive carbonyls at temperatures above 120 °C (248 °F).[
Asparagine can also be presented as aspartic in acid in food .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagine

http://www.eufic.org/article/en/diet-related-diseases/cancer/artid/What-happens-when-we-cook-food-understanding-acrylamide-formation/

The WHO and FAO established that the safe limit of 0.5 mg/kg body weight/day pertainsonly to neuropathy. There has not been an established safe dietary limit of acrylamide as it pertains to causing cancer, since there is limited relative data.

http://www.health.sa.gov.au/pehs/Food/survey-acrylamide-jan07.pdf . A good overview .

Aspartame :
Aspartame is a methylester of the aspartic acid/phenylalaninedipeptide
Like caffeine , aspartame affects such a small percentage of genetically susceptible individuals that the 5% significance rule in randomized , blind experiments simply ignore them .
But the evidence of a real effect is overwhelming , especially diabetic or peanut allergy individuals .

Refining :
In the United States, refined peanut oil is exempt from allergen labeling laws
In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, 60 people with proven peanut allergy were challenged with both crude peanut oil and refined peanut oil. The authors conclude, “Crude peanut oil caused allergic reactions in 10% of allergic subjects studied and should continue to be avoided.” They also state, “Refined peanut oil does not seem to pose a risk to most people with peanut allergy.”
As long as it is not mixed with peanut generated acrylamide or aspartame markers .

What gives ?
Cold refining (virgin or raw) should give a product stripped of sugars .Neurotoxin markers will not form . Should be fairly innocuous . (but don't take my word for it)
If you are diabetic or have insulin resistance , eating roasted peanuts while drinking a beverage sweetened with with aspartame is a big no-no . Expect peripheral neuropathy , and maybe the big C .
Does this promote diabetesII ?
I don't know , but suspect that it does .
If there is a causal relation , the usual double-blind , randomized tests will give contradictory results . This is because of the 5% significance level built into most of these tests at a deep level .
Once again , see Caffeine . Http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Caffeine Tolerance II” Jul 2011
It can easily be tested : Peanut allergic individuals should have a much lower incidence of diabetesII and peripheral neuropathy .

Am I nuts ? Only if roasted .

Andre
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Hysterical Focus and Ostrum Commons .

2011-10-20T15:46:00.000-07:00

Hysterical Focus and Ostrum Commons
Andre Willers
20 Oct 2011

Synopsis :
Hysterical Foci spontaneously self-assemble if there are a critical number of Ostrum Commons Rules present .
There are Eight Ostrom Rules . General theory of Reserves suggest that any 1/3 of them (ie any 3 rules ) will lead to Self-assembly of an Hysterical Focus . Regardless of consequences .

Discussion :

1.Hysterical Focus :
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Inside the ignition of an hysterical focus” Jun 2010
Humans are an hysterical species . This was turned into a powerful advantage .
It evolved from early monkey and ape stages .

The attention and energies of the whole troop is co-opted (ie involuntary) and co-ordinated onto one single subject . This happens in the amygdala and hippocampus .

Fast forward to humans , and you have fashion (a mild form) or an Hysterical Focus .
All the resources of the group is devoted to the problem in an involuntary fashion .
No human is immune .
Individual considerations are overridden at very deep levels .

The stuff Revolutions are made from .
A highly successful method of breaking false optimal peaks

2.Ostrum Commons :
The system formed a Commons , resolvable in three ways :
2.1Tragedy of the Commons (Communism) Cf Aral Sea
2.2Private ownership(Capitalism) Cf Economic crashes
2.3Ostrum Commons .
This lost out in competition because it is essentially a fractal Small-system , dependant on good communication . It kept bubbling up in peasant revolts , but could never self-cohere .
This changed with electronic communication systems like facebook , twitter, telephone ,etc .
Unstoppable now . Over a certain quantitive threshold , the network changes quantitively.

3.Self-Assembly :
Any three Ostrum rules present will result in the spontaneous self-assembly of the other Rules .
The Dear Reader can prove this himself/herself .(Hint:look at overlapping dimensionalities of the Rules)
Or they can cheat and look at http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “New Tools” Nov 2008 .
If there is a sufficient density of communication , an Hysterical Focus will form . And we are off to the races . A fertile field of future research .

4.Some interesting properties of Hysterical Foci :
4.1They don't stop . Once ignited , the Focus continues until the goals are met or the information links have been smashed (not possible today , even with a nuclear war). Hunkering down and waiting until it dies down does not work .
4.2There are no leaders initially . Decoying the structure into an hierarchical system has been an old counter . Not possible with a large number of alternate information pathways , or the awareness of Ostrum Rules .
4.3The individual members of the Hysterical Focus follow group rules , not self-interest .
Your old-fashioned Revolutionaries .
4.4Nobody is immune . It is as deep as your genes .
4.5Politicians , PR and advertising firms have become aware of the effect and are trying to harness it .
Sigh . It is a Beth(2) system , and it will always turn in their hands .

Hysterically yours
Andre

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Appendix A
A powerful example :
China :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Household-responsibility_system
History
Politicians did not initiate the household-responsibility system : local villagers developed it as an experiment later applied nationwide.
Allocating farmlands to individuals or to families rated as a crime during the Mao era in China, but the low-level productivity under collective farming and drought forced villagers ofXiaogang, Fengyang to do so in 1978. They implemented this system secretly, and signed a contract, "if any one of us is put to prison as a result, others shall be responsible for taking care of his children until they reach 18 years of age".
The secret experiment proved very successful. In 1979 similar experiments began inSichuan and Anhui provinces, both seeing dramatic increases in agricultural productivity.Deng Xiaoping openly praised these experiments in 1980, and the system has been adopted nationwide since 1981.
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A Paradigm of Plenty .

2011-10-16T17:27:00.000-07:00

A Paradigm of Plenty
Andre Willers
16 Oct 2011

Synopsis :
The fruits of production are distributed according to the Scarcity or Plentitude thereof .
The Competition Paradigm handles scarcity . But we need a Plenty Paradigm to handle the problem of too much . Luckily , Ostrom has provided a framework for the future (see para 4 below)

Discussion :
1.Scarcity :
The Human Competition Paradigm developed as result of the invention of agriculture .
The key is that the fluctuations between good times and bad times were magnified .
In good times , population expanded to carrying capacity in Malthusian fashion .
There were no reserves in goods , time or space .

In bad times ,
Not enough water , food , clothing , shelter , etc gives rise to competition for these resources .
Social systems , usually hierarchical , evolve to distribute these , usually involving some power-law in the numbers of individuals in various strata .
Empires , feudalism , capitalism , communism , socialism are all facets of this process .
Taxes become involuntary and controlled by top end of the social structure , giving also control of the armed forces of the collective (normally called the State)

2.Plenty :
The exponential increase in wealth since Jethro Tull invented the planter in 1700 AD has led to major changes in the underlying structures of human socio-economic institutions
2.1Malthus : Wealth grew faster than even geometrical human population growth .The largest population groups (China , India , Europe , America ,Africa) all have been affected.
Their population growth is falling while their wealth is growing .
2.2Resources are growing more plentiful through science and technology , and the pace is higher than that of population growth . The GDP per capita in any state is the highest it has ever been , and set to grow .

3.What does this mean ?
3.1Less than 10% of the workforce is needed to produce all the Maslow basic needs for any society.
3.2That means that 90% or more are essentially unemployable .
3.3They cannot earn an income according to the Scarcity Paradigm .
3.4They essentially have no credit , since they cannot promise a repayment from a future income stream .
3.5Yet the wealth continues to accumulate at ever increasing rates into the the few hands at the top of the hierarchies .
3.6The relative disparities (cf Gini ) lead to unbearable strains .
3.7A destructive war making everyone poorer (like WWI) is no longer an option , because of the power of nuclear weapons .
3.8The same technology that enables the plenty also gives an alternative option : peaceful protests ,escalating into controlled armed conflicts where necessary . (Happening now)
3.9Organized via social media like cellphones , facebook , etc . There are no leaders .
Just the sea rising up like a tsunami .
3.9Controlled in the sense that it is a world-wide class conflict , not triggering nuclear responses.

4.What does a Plenty Paradigm look like ?
Luckily , for a change , academia has something useful to say

A Society of Plenty like this is a rich Commons .
Like the cod fisheries of the North Sea and Newfoundland before mismanagement destroyed them in a Tragedy of the Commons .

Like the air you breathe is right now . The CO2 level is already being mismanaged , and oxygen levels are not far behind . These are planetary Commons .

How this can be established and governed without turning it into a Tragedy of the Commons has been done by Elinor Ostrom , who received the the 2009 Nobel for Economics for this work

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom
To quote from Wiki : (comments in brackets are my own ).

“ Ostrom identifies eight "design principles" of stable local common pool resource management:[10]
1. Clearly defined boundaries (effective exclusion of external un-entitled parties;
2. Rules regarding the appropriation and provision of common resources that are adapted to local conditions; (Equal sharing of debts and rewards)
3. Collective-choice arrangements that allow most resource appropriators to participate in the decision-making process; (Consensus decisions-no leveraged hierarchies)
4. Effective monitoring by monitors who are part of or accountable to the appropriators; (Policing)
5. A scale of graduated sanctions for resource appropriators who violate community rules; (Opportunity to learn from mistakes )
6. Mechanisms of conflict resolution that are cheap and of easy access; (Fair and Fast Justice . See how Inquisitorial Justice systems like Chinese , French or Sharia does it.)
7. Self-determination of the community recognized by higher-level authorities; (Autonomy within clearly defined levels . Something like a Federation.)
8. In the case of larger common-pool resources,organization in the form of multiple layers of nested enterprises, with small local CPRs at the base level. (Clear and quick relations with others. A potential sticky point with states.)
Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action Ostrom, Elinor, Cambridge University Press, 1990 “

5.A very probable Scenario :
Humans are an hysterical species , and uses this hysteria to great effect .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Inside the Ignition of an Hysterical Focus” Jun 2010 and others

5.1An Hysterical Focus is forming .
To a lesser extent (Rupert Murdoch et al) , it already has . But the extent is growing exponentially in typically Small-world Network fashion .

The whole planet's resources will be used to examine the question of whether the Scarcity Paradigm is still applicable , or even desirable . It is unstoppable .
Some wars (ie Libya) have already started , but note the limitations .

The end result will very likely be a Plenty Paradigm , based on Ostrom's Principles .

5.2How fast ?:
Very fast . 2-3 years from Jan 2012 .

5.3How bloody ?
Not very .The plenty paradigm is not competitive .

5.4Are there examples ?
There is the formation of the EU or North Africa at present .
A good illustration is the nationalization of all water in the Republic of South Africa . All water resources , above or below ground , on public or private property were turned into a Common Good in 1995 . The rules they followed were very similar to the Ostrom rules above .
The interesting thing was that there was no resistance on the ground from the farmers .Nothing . The reason was that the farmers knew that the resource had to rationally controlled , but the previous regime was too much under the influence of rich vested interests to make the necessary laws .

5.5Multinationals
An Hysterical Focus causing a paradigm shift from Competition to Plenty will leave many top executives rather exposed . Since the new regimes will not be competition based , they will be much more lenient . They should cut deals early on . Ditto for dicey national leaders , banks and sundry others .
A planetary revolution does not leave many hiding places .

5.6Share Markets .
The “Growth at all costs” and the Quarterly performance appraisal will be casualties . Growth will be much more sedate . Shares with high P/E's and bubbles will tank .
Hedge funds and derivatives not doing plain commercial duty will fare badly .
Speculation in general will have tough time .

Surplus capital will be channelled into planetary reconstruction .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Work for All” Aug 2011

5.7A milder , gentler place .
There will be many more woman executives .
If you want to drive an overpriced , overpowered sports car at suicidal speeds on public roads , I suggest that you do it soon .

Ironically , the space-program will get much bigger and more effective . If NASA survives , it will be severely shorn . They will not put all their eggs in one basket .
Besides , all those hyper-competitive males have to some place without killing each other .
Risky space endeavours seem ideal

Any large , overgrown institution or company will be broken up .
Competition has not gone away . It will just be managed .

5.8The Military
The military traditionally was a construction Corps , fighting against the elements or other humans (cf Roman Legions) . Plenty of work for them in repairing the planet and going off-planet .

A nice place to bring up children .
The Matriarchy wins .

Andre

Aspergers and eye-contact

2011-10-13T15:24:00.001-07:00

Aspergers and eye contact.
Andre Willers
14 Oct 2011

Synopsis :
The problem is too much information , mainly via pupil fluctuations .
Overgrown mirror-networks evolve very effective rules that is interpreted as being invasive or aggressive.
This can be lessened by decreasing information from incoming pupil : a simple black spot on glasses.

Discussion :
http://life-with-aspergers.blogspot.com/2007/10/aspergers-and-eye-contact.html

Too much empathy :
Aspergers (aspies) genetic traits has been strongly selected from 1700 AD (invention of planter) .
People who can concentrate intensely for long periods of time on repetitive tasks were very valuable . Exempt from being cannon-fodder . Well-paid . This attract mates . They have more offspring . Classical Darwinism . There are epigenetic effects as well , speeding things up .

The neurological mechanism is that general mirror-networks overgrow genetically programmed mirror networks concerning empathy .

The aspie deduces rules from interactions which are more acute than the instinctive ones .
But these rules usually have no buffers in untrained individuals .

A Poor man's telepathy :
The effect is hypersensitivity and or a feeling of aggression .

An aspie making eye-contact feels aggressive , since he thinks that the other party can perceive the same . Therefore he avoids it , or becomes hyper-aggressive.

Hearing :
See all Click posts . The same for hearing . This leads to the suspicion that aspies will be hard of hearing . The equivalent of avoiding eye-contact .

Interventions :
Numerous ones are available .
I will mention two :

1.Reduce information flow from other person .
The easiest low-tech way is simply to paint a black spot on glasses . About 0.02-0.5 mm in the center of the spectacle . This reduces the information from the other person's pupil .Instead of looking sideways , the aspie will look face-on , with full eye-contact , and still have good sensitivity

An amusing side-effect is that hearing will improve .

2 Disrupt mirror-networks using Trans-Cranial magnetic stimulus
See NewScientist 27 aug 2011 p6.

Physical clumsiness :
This seems a contradiction . The selection procedure is for fine , repetitive motor control
But the bad habit of looking away affects physical behavior and surfaces as clumsiness on gross motor activity . The aspie looks away at the last moment , spoiling control

This is easily remedified by training :

Golf:
An aspie playing golf with spotted spectacles will be a menace .
Indeed , most playing golf for the love of it would be fairly strong aspergers .
A spot in the center of their glasses should improve their game considarebly .

Less is more .

Andre

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Valdoxane and Melatonin

2011-10-06T14:58:00.000-07:00

Valdoxane .
Andre Willers
6 Oct 2011

Synopsis :
A mild selective stasis generator.Good for anti-depressants .

Discussion :
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Melatonin and dinosaurs” Jun 2011
Repeated in Appendix A for ease of reference.

Valdoxane is simply melatonin crippled in very specific ways .The limitation on possible receptor sites enhances some effects like anti-depressants .

Remember , melatonin is the Great Disruptor of feedback effects . That is it's function .

Valdoxane does this , but more effectively .

Rather ho-hum .

Andre

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Melatonin and Dinosaurs .
Andre Willers
14 Jun 2011

"Sleep that knits up the ravell'd sleave of care " Shakespeare

Synopsis :
Melatonin ended up in various evolutionary roles because of it's powerful , terminal antioxidant effect . Many neurotransmitters (especially NO classes) can be seen as free radicals . (See Appendix A)
Melatonin is Nature's Terminator . (See Appendix C)

Discussion:
A handy Terminator got roped into being the Enforcer for various feedback systems that had to be kept from repeating .

Examples :

1.Cancers (eg breast , prostate cancers)
Interruption of signaling molecules .

2.Circadian rhythms of the brain (sleep)
Dismantling runaway feedback systems before they corrupt long-term memory irreparably (sense of self) See Appendix C

3.Gut rhythms :
A separate system Melatonin excretion by various cells and bacteria .

4.Bile :
Funnily enough , a separate system . Why ?
Tied to the energy system and things like diabetes .

5.Mitochondria :
A sophisticated auto-governor on rates of activity relative to intra-cell position .
Really simple . Really cool . (Think a steam engine's governor) See Appendix B.

6.Skin
As expected , such a powerful terminal antioxidant will also be on the ramparts against foreign invaders (like in the gut)

7 Immune system
Basically a memory system , with potentially unlimited feedback .
Melatonin will terminate this as well , especially in localized , concentrated doses .
But note the correlation between blue-light and HIV .
Very high-intensity pulses of blue light (484 nanometers) or UV should disable the HIV virus .

Contradictions :
This is only seven usages .There are probably more . The same concentrations of melatonin cannot serve all .
Hence , melatonin receptors evolved to meter and control cellular responses .
As well as dopsin receptors in the visual systems .

Loss of UV Dopsins
About 100 MYA for mammals . Remnants (melanopsins) are still responsible for nervous system entrainment , but some biological adaptability (ie getting melatonin from diet) was lost .
It also means that humans are especially vulnerable to depression of melatonin production by light in the Blue Wavelengths (484 nanometers) . CFL and LED lights .
This means that you should only use blue lights if you want to be alert . The effect is very strong (about 100 times) .
Interesting , this should be able to be hyperreal . Diffraction patterns (as with insect , bird and reptile scales) could give blue-to UV light that the mammalian optical systems will interpret as hyperreal .And hyperactive .

Speculation :
Mammalian loss of these dopsins are thought to be the result of low level of light on the forest floor .
But what if the scaly animals had evolved to use Blue and UV as a weapon ?
It would have reduced melatonin production even in darkness .

Imagine huge , impregnable Dinosaur behemoths with a skin ecology of luminescent bacteria , the light diffracting from their scales into the blue and UV .
A magnificent sight !

Remnants :
Birds with brilliant UV plumages should have DNA of the lumenifages in suppressed state . Or you can do it the hard way from the skins of late-stage dinosaurs .

Light-flash Extinction :
An amusing thought . The extremely bright flashes of the meteors would have burned out the skin ecology of the dinosaurs , the subsequent darkness sending them into a terminal melatonin deep sleep . See FireFall .
This can be tested . Since melatonin is a terminal antioxidant , the breakdown products should be measurable even after 65 MY .

Chickens and flu's
The diseases can be seen as stripped-down versions of skin-symbiotes of the old dinosaurs . The worst thing you can do is subject them to UV Like in brooders . Self-assembly of old sequences will follow . A very old revenge .

What is a poor mammal to do ?
Because of the very many uses of melatonin , there is no single solution .
Sometimes you need more , sometimes less . The trick is to know when .
Also , the sources depend on light (especially blue light or UV) , gut , immune system , brain , pills(slow release or fast release) etc .

The basic principle is that it stops things dead . Slowly or quickly .
There is a tie-in with the sulfur mechanism that is responsible for the immobilization of all molecular cellular activity (concentrations of H2S about 80 ppm)
Melatonin stops the H2S blockage . At extremely low concentrations .
Look at the molecule .

This is a typical life-system . Blockages of blockages of blockages leading to a system with graduated responses .

Too little melatonin , and H2S is not sufficiently blocked and the organism goes into stasis . Sleep .

Evolved into hibernation . The long light periods led to depletion of melatonin , leading to H2S hibernation . Neat .

SAD is a direct consequence . Too much melatonin leads to neurotransmitter depletion (especially serotonin)
A berserker has to generate high levels of neurotransmitters internally .

Take a pill !
As seen above , the system has many variants . Endo- and exo- just to start with . There are adjuvants (valerian is one) . Epigenetic variants are possible , but this system is so basic that I think adjuvants would give better results .

So , take a pill with timing and accompanying chemicals .
Each one should target a separate system .

Ageing
The H2S system freezes things . The melatonin system unfreezes it .Pulsing the system enables living and repairing . Sleep with very carefully metered SO2 will enable a very long life for those interested .

Who wants to live forever ?

Andre

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Appendix A

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin
"Antioxidant
Besides its function as synchronizer of the biological clock, melatonin also exerts a powerful antioxidant activity. The discovery of melatonin as an antioxidant was made in 1993.[85] In many less complex life forms, this is its only known function.[86] Melatonin is an antioxidantthat can easily cross cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier.[6] Melatonin is a direct scavenger of OH, O2−, and NO.[87] Unlike other antioxidants, melatonin does not undergoredox cycling, the ability of a molecule to undergo reduction and oxidation repeatedly. Redox cycling may allow other antioxidants (such as vitamin C) to act as pro-oxidants, counterintuitively promoting free radical formation. Melatonin, on the other hand, once oxidized, cannot be reduced to its former state because it forms several stable end-products upon reacting with free radicals. Therefore, it has been referred to as a terminal (or suicidal) antioxidant.[88] "

Appendix B
" A potential mechanism is that melatonin promotes the recruitment of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as well as enhances its activity.[48] This effect would raise the basal metabolic rate by stimulating thermogenesis, heat generation through uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria."

Appendix C
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_response_curve#Melatonin_PRC

"PRC in neurons
Phase response curve analysis can be used to understand the intrinsic properties and oscillatory behavior of regular-spiking neurons.[8] The neuronal PRCs can be classified as being purely positive (PRC type I) or as having negative parts (PRC type II). Importantly, the PRC type exhibited by a neuron is indicative of its input–output function (excitability) as well as synchronization behavior: networks of PRC type II neurons can synchronize their activity via mutual excitatory connections, but those of PRC type I can not.[9]
Experimental estimation of PRC in living, regular-spiking neurons involves measuring the changes in inter-spike interval in response to a small perturbation, such as a transient pulse of current. Notably, the PRC of a neuron is not fixed but may change when firing frequency[10] or neuromodulatory state of the neuron[11] is changed."
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Optimal Stretching.

2011-10-06T13:25:00.000-07:00

Optimal Stretching .
Andre Willers
6 Sep 2011

Synopsis:
Cold stretching can cause as much damage or decrease in performance as actual cold exertion .
Why ?

Discussion:
Briefly , endorphins release the muscle fibres from a locked , stasis state .
The mechanism derives from evolutionary states as described in Appendix A.
The lock-down can be released either by rage or endorphins .

Endorphins are preferable .
Note anecdotal references to relaxed drunks (ie high serotonin)

How to do it :
Just before starting stretching exercises , think of a pleasurable experience .
Your Beloved is good .
Then stretch , but slowly .
The stretching then generates endorphins to unlock the muscle fibres further in a feedback reaction .
Increase intensity .
This should do the trick .

Sex before an important sport event .
Unfortunately , this seems contra-indicated .
See Appendix A .
Being in a post-coital depression locks in the muscle fibres in a triste .
Rage like in a short sprint might be advantageous , but for something like a rugby match lasting 90 minutes , endorphins would be better .
Even sprints take long preparation .

The Effect :
Cold exercise without an endorphin warming decreases performance by about 5% .
Enough to kill you or lose the game , whichever is greater .

Optimism actually pays .

Oh well .

Andre

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Appendix A

Post-coital Depression Syndrome (PDS)
Andre Willers
24 Sep 2003
Synopsis:
An evolutionary arms-race defense against sperm-displacement by other males is male quiescence close to the female ( with rapid male aggressive arousal response to threats ) . This easily overbalances into depression (monogamy can be described as an extended mild depression from the male viewpoint) . Stable dual systems evolve where the male quiescence trigger female nurturing instincts . In extreme cases this forms a dual pathology : a repeating cycle of aggressive coitus , male depression , female nursing , recovered male aggressive coitus , etc.

Argument:
Hominids have had a long period when physically preventing other males from coitus with his lady love was the only way to ensure that only his genes were being transmitted .
Experiments done by G Gallup (shades of nominative determinism !) of New York State University showed that the coronal ridge on human penises are 90% efficient in displacing semen in one deep thrust . (Evolution and Human Behavior vol 24 , p277 or New Scientist 9 Aug 2003 p16 )

Surveys indicated that human males employed deeper thrusts after a separation or if infidelity was suspected .

In the arms race of gene replication , the evolution of the coronal ridge must have accompanied the evolution of counter-actions , the most obvious being that the male must stay with the female until egg fertilization , while fighting off competitors if necessary .

One way of doing this is by reducing certain neurotransmitter concentrations , notably serotonin . This would have the effect of a mild depression ( the storied “little death” ) in males .

Anecdotal evidence : post-coital cigarettes ( nicotine stimulates serotonin production ) , as well as alcohol usage .

Of note here is the evolutionary tie-in between the depression and the rapid aggressive response . One would suspect that a rapid rise in serotonin concentrations would also lead to the easy triggering of extreme aggressive responses . ( Note side effects of Prozac)

Ie: the quiescent post-coital male is challenged and has to go to a fully aware state as quickly as possible . In most cases a blind rage will suffice as a defence , so that is selected for . This is not always sufficient against a canny opponent , so males will also be selected for a balanced aggression response .

The Dual Pathology:
As can be seen from the evolutionary argument above , it would tend to favor depressive males with homicidal rages .

The depressive stage is caused by lowering the serotonin levels below a certain threshold . Feedback mechanisms lower it further : ie trigger a full-blown depression .

The depressive stage triggers the female nursing response . The female nurses the male until the normal sexual aggression is restored , whereupon the cycle repeats . The components of the pathology are genetical and learned response .

The effect is a stable relationship of misery . Each partner fulfills a deep genetic need , but neither is close to their maximum potential .

There is also no evolutionary stopper to prevent too low serotonin levels .

Intervention:

For normal humans:
The male should take some serotonin precursors ( 5HTP or Tryptophan) immediately before or after coitus .
Intervention with serotonin precursors at the start of a depressive episode should prevent most episodes .

Otherwise:
Prozac

Caution:
Intervention like this would raise general serotonin levels . Additional serotonin stimuli (like alcohol , nicotine ,etc) might trigger a rapid aggression response .

End

USA Revolution .

2011-10-02T14:48:00.001-07:00

USA Revolution
Andre Willers
2 Oct 2011

Synopsis :
A USA Revolution seems on track for Jan 2012

Discussion :

1.Root Causes :
1.1Elected officials represent the interests of their campaign contributors , not that of the voters
1.2Significant armed forces under the control of oligarchs , but not the State , have been allowed to build up

2.Budget cuts effect the official armed forces , but not not the mercenary forces like Blackriver .
(The USA has been stable because Congress controlled armed forces' budgets)

3.The Wall Street Occupation seems to be on track to spread everywhere .
This will give legitimacy to the State army . Look at what happened in Egypt .
I have seen a number of people signing themselves as “Semper Fi”
Do you see the problem ?

4.Unfairness:
There is a widespread perception of “Unfairness” . This is hardwired into any social species at neural level . They will even harm themselves to punish unfairness . This is the root cause of revolutions , when even middle-class people go crazy .

5 The Sequenceof budget gridlocks .
A geometrical series :Aug , Sep, Oct extension of 1.75 months leads to a unresolvable gridlock in Jan 2012 .

6.Replay of End of Roman Republic .
The Olicharchs in control of large private armies think they can win (like Sulla)

7 What is different :
Social Networks . The present protests will escalate very quickly , giving a nucleus of legitimacy to the Official State Armed Forces .

8.Can Civil War be prevented ?:
Yes . It depends on the Executive(Obama) .
8.1 Private armies have to be suppressed
8.2 Unfairness in the banking system has to be ended .

9 FDR did it the last time around .

10. If not , I am afraid the USA is in for a Second Civil War .

If you cannot run your affairs in a reasonably orderly fashion , somebody else will do it for you .
Somebody like Stalin .

You have been warned .
Andre

The Meaning of Life and Sorting .

2011-10-02T12:49:00.000-07:00

The Meaning of Life and Sorting.
Andre Willers
2 Oct 2011

Synopsis :
A Nerd's view of the Meaning of Life .

Discussion :
Assume that nobody knows the Meaning of Life (a fairly safe assumption)
But also assume that there are some who are closer , also a fairly safe assumption .
Then we can adduce that sorting all the systems will give at least some indication of ranking.
(This is also known as “Seeking for the Truth”)

The Problem of the initial conditions :
You have a fairly large set of systems .
Where do you start ?

Optimal start for Beth(0) and Beth(1) random systems :
Start at 1/3 of the set .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “New tools” Nov 2008

See also Combsort Algorithm for a practical application .
This is an old optimization problem . But the initial data has to be random only of the order
Beth(0) and Beth(1) , ie sourced from randomness of the order of flipping a coin .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm
There are many sorting algorithms depending on the randomness of the initial data and the first cut .

Of course , different sorting engines will give different results , depending on inputs .

But humans insist winner takes all .

Enjoy your religious wars about initial conditions .

Andre

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Erdos Conjecture

2011-09-29T21:53:00.000-07:00

Erdos Conjecture
Andre Willers
30 Sep 2011

Synopsis :
A trivial special case of Riemann's Zeta function and Kantor's Infinities .

Discussion :
Erdos conjecture :
It states that if the sum of the reciprocals of the members of a set A of positive integers diverges, then A contains arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions.

This sounds difficult , but is actually very simple .
Arbitrary here means even two . An arithmetic progression means that the difference between any two term anywhere in the sequence forces the sequence into divergence (ie the sum will go to infinity)

If Z= 1/(s1)^n + 1/(s2)^n + …
where Z =0 if and only if n=2 (Discussed previously) Riemann when the irrational component is zero .
If any two terms s1 ,s2 in the infinite sequence are in arithmetical sequence (ie there is a finite difference between them ) , the difference is of the form 1/s^t , where t>=n-1 .
1. Multiply each side of the equation by an Aleph(0) infinity and the right-hand side becomes infinite ,while the left hand side remains zero if n>=2
2. There are some nice little fractals in between .

Physical significance :
Any logical system is unstable . Any stable system has infinitesimals forced on it .
Real systems fluctuate between them in chaotic attractor fashion .

Bah !
Things are supposed to get simpler .

Andre

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Did Stalin and Hitler meet in 1913 ?

2011-09-29T15:34:00.000-07:00

Did Stalin and Hitler meet in 1913 ?
Andre Willers
29 Sep 2011

Synopsis :
They certainly met .
Shaw would have loved to write the play .
It would make a fantastic movie and TV series .
Pity the Reality Show involved 50 million dead .
But that's Show Business .

Discussion:
Quote from
http://cnparm.home.texas.net/Nat/Rus/Rus07.htm
“1913
==late.Jan-late.Feb > ~Stalin visits Vienna, arriving disguised as a Greek peasant - he writes the pamphlet Marxism and the Nationality Question, which advocates national/ethnic autonomy under socialism (which he privately calls “all sorts of rubbish”) - he first encounters Bukharin and Trotsky (to whom Stalin only grunts) - he uses the pseudonym ‘Stalin’ for the first time, on Jan.25 “

The young Hitler was there , moving in the same circles . Impoverished , vociferic socialists hanging around in the same cafe's . While Vienna was a large city , the social strata were clearly defined . A small circle .

Stalin was evading police interest , but not too energetically . At the time , he was a charismatic individual (think Che Guavara) , who was a strong advocate of socialism . Spending a lot of time in the cafe's , talking and chatting up the girls . He was very attractive to women . He was a romantic poet of some note , as well as a dashing revolutionary .

See
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalin's_poetry
“Stalin published all of his work anonymously and never publicly acknowledged it. WhenLavrenti Beria secretly had Boris Pasternak and other noted translators prepare a Russian edition of Stalin's poems for the ruler's 70th birthday in 1949, Stalin had the project stopped.[1] “

Stalin was 33 years old (b1879) , a veteran revolutionary , a charismatic figure of socialism .
Hitler was 23 years old (b1889) , a person of inchoate passions , opinionated , intelligent but undirected . Ideal recruitment material .

Did the two meet ?
Hitler almost certainly saw Stalin around , in the charmed circle where he desperately desired acceptance .

Now note the pamphlet Stalin wrote then :
“Marxism and the Nationality Question, which advocates national/ethnic autonomy under socialism (which he privately calls “all sorts of rubbish”) “
This is textbook definition of National Socialism .
It made a huge impression on Hitler .

Did Stalin remember Hitler ?
Almost certainly yes . Even at 23 , Hitler was no callow youth , but a seasoned survivor of the slums of Vienna . Full of passionate fury . You know the type . Pushy .
A possibly useful tool .
Hence Stalin's continual underestimation of Hitler .

Stalin believed that nationalism was a spent force . Hence the non-national structure of the USSR.
Hitler believed in National , Ethnic Socialism , partly because of Stalin's pamphlet .

Both started as romantic idealists (the poet and the painter) and ended up as cynics of the blackest kind , settling matters in other people's blood .

Oh , well . Things could be worse . One of them could have won .

Andre

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Neutrino mirrors using PASEM

2011-09-27T09:49:00.000-07:00

Neutrino Mirrors using PASEM
Andre Willers
27 Sep 2011

“Mirror , mirror on the wall , who is the most energetic of them all?”

Synopsis :
Information is mirrored .

Discussion :

1.PASEM
Particle Amplification by Stimulated Emission via Mirror .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_reflection
1.1Postulate a finely ridged surface with very narrow slits between the ridges .
1.2Have a particle flux on ridged side A . Particles with information to be amplified .
1.3Have a high intensity , concentrated flux of the same particles on side B
1.4Have an entanglement laser shine on side A .
1.5Multiple entanglement occurs on particles coming from side B through the slits .
1.6The effect is that information in the A-side incident particles are indistinguishable from reflected particles , but at any desired intensity .
1.7This can be done at nearly any temperature
1.8Reminiscent of PCR information amplification .
1.9Fluctuations may be needed (ie it might be pulsed in earlier forms )

2.This can be done with any particle , including neutrinos .
3.Organic molecules would make a suitable medium-temperature PASEM-mirror for neutrinos.
4.Cascades can be assembled to give concentrated fluxes of particles .

5.Protons
The same can be done with protons .
High-intensity of protons can be focused through the PASEM mirror.
This means low-temperature fusion .
Tokamaks can be used , with suitable inorganic PASEM mirrors .
The anomalous cold-fusion can probably be explained via this process .

Have fun !

Andre

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Riemann's Theorem , Lightspeed and Survival .

2011-09-24T11:39:00.000-07:00

Riemann's Theorem , Lightspeed and Survival .
Andre Willers
24 Sep 2011

“I expected this , but not so soon” Epitaph on tombstone

Synopsis :
Discrete maximum signal speeds requires a much deeper insight into Riemann's zeta function .
Recent findings of neutrino speeds exceeding lightspeed will require mathematicians getting up of their duff.
At stake are fusion processes , antigravity and assorted other goodies .
Basically , survival .

Discussion :
Appendix A only discusses Beth(0) , ie orders of randomness associated with aleph(0) .
A mixture of speeds at physical level can then be described in Beth(-x) terms .

Is Beth(-x) conserved at negative levels ? I strongly suspect that it is , unless a Beth(1+) observer interacts .
Then it is described as the wave-function collapsing . Ie probabilities changing abruptly , requiring a re-balancing of energy levels .

Psionic machines
These can be constructed using the above principles .
I was in two minds about releasing this , but as far as I can see the bottoms are limited , while the tops are open . Abuse is possible , but temporary .

In any case , psionic abuse suppressors have been active for centuries on Earth and it's Locale .

Neutrinos have been engineered to interact with psionic machines .

The rest is either obvious or laborious .

Andre

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Appendix A
Orders of Randomness 2
Andre Willers
15 Aug 2008

See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : “Orders of Randomness”

I have been requested to expand a little on orders of Randomness and what it means .
Please note that human endeavours at this date use only randomness of the order of flipping a coin ( Beth(0) )

Aleph is the first letter of the Hebrew Alphabet . It was used by Cantor to denote
Classes of Infinity (ie Aleph(0) for Rational numbers , Aleph(1) for Irrational Numbers , etc

Beth is the second letter of the Hebrew Alfabet . It means “House”

I will first repeat the derivation of Orders of Randomness from http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : “Orders of Randomness” because it is so important .

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Start Quote:
First , simple Randomness .
Flip of a coin .
Heads or Tails . 0 or 1
Flip an unbiased coin an infinite number of times ,write it down below each other and do it again .
All possible 0 and 1’s

An example : Beth(0)
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Flips(1) 0,1,1,1,1,… etc
Flips(2) 0,1,1,1,0,… etc
.
Flips(infinity) 0,0,0,0,0,0,…etc
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This describes all possible states in a delineated binary universe .
“delineated binary” means a two sided coin which cannot land on it’s side .

Now draw a diagonal line from the top left of Flips(1) to Flips(infinity) .
At every intersection of this diagonal line with a horizontal line , change the value .
The Diagonal Line of (0,1)’s is then not in the collection of all possible random
Horizontal coin-Flips(x) .

This means the Diagonal Line is of a stronger order of randomness .
This is also the standard proof of an Irrational Number .

This is the standard proof of aleph numbers .
Irrational numbers ,etc
Since any number can be written in binary (0,1) , we can infer that the order of randomness is the same as aleph numbers .

This means we can use number theory in Randomness systems .
Very important .

Google Cantor (or Kantor)

Define coin-flip Randomness as Beth(0) , analogous to Aleph(0)
Then we have at least Beth(1) , randomness an order stronger than flipping a coin .
Then we can theorize Beth(Omega) <->Aleph(Omega) .

End Quote
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Cardinal Numbers .

The cardinal number is the index x of Aleph(x) .
Cantor proved that
Aleph(n+1) = 2 ^ Aleph( n )

Where n is the cardinal number of the infinity .

Tying them together :
He also proved that
P(A) = 2^ n
Where A is any set , P(A) is the PowerSet of A and n is the cardinal number of set A
Thus , Cardinal Number of P(A) =(n+1)

The PowerSet of A = the Set of all subsets of A .
This sounds fancy , but it is simply all the different ways you can combine the elements of set A . All the ways you can chop up A .
You can see it easily in a finite binomial expansion (1+1)^n = P(A) = 2^n

See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com : “Infinite Probes”
There we also chop and dice , using infinite series .

Can you see how it all ties together ?

Why 2 ?

This derives from the Delineation Axiom . Remember , we can only talk about something if it is distinct and identifiable from something else . This gives a minimum of 2 states : part or non-part .

That is why the Zeta-function below is described on a 2-dimensional plane , or pesky problems like Primes always boil down to 2 dimensions of some sort .

This is why the irrational numbers play such an important part in physics .
Z=a+ib describes a 2-dimensional plane useful for delineated systems without feedback systems

Its in the axiom of Delineation , dummy .

But we know that Russell proved that A+~AThe difference can be described as the Beth sequences . Since they are derivatives of summation-sequences(see below) , they define arrows usually seen as the time-arrows .

These need not to be described a-la-dunne’s serial time , as different Beth levels address the problem adequately without multiplying hypotheses .

Self-referencing systems and Beth sequences .

A Proper Self-referencing system is of one cardinal Beth number higher than the system it derives from .
Self-referencing systems (feedback systems) can always be described as sequences of Beth systems . Ie as Beth(x) <-> Beth(y) . The formal proof is a bit long for inclusion here .

The easiest way to see it is in Bayesian systems . If Beth(x) systems are included , Bayesian systems become orders of magnitude more effective .

Life , civilization and markets are such . See below .

Conservation Laws :
By definition , these can always be written in a form of
SomeExpression = 0

Random (Beth(0) Walk in Euclidean 2-dimensions

This is a powerful unifying principle derived from the Delineation Axiom .

In Random Walk the Distance from the Center is = d * (n)^0.5 . This is a property of Euclidean systems .
(Where d = step , n=number of random beth(0) steps)

Immediately we can say that the only hope of the Walker returning to the center after an infinity of Beth(0) steps is if d ~ 1/(n)^0.5 . This is the Riemann Hypothesis .

Now , see a Universum of 2-dimensional descriptors z=a+ib

Sum all of them . Add together all the possible things that can be thus described .

This can be done as follows :
From z=a+ib Raise both sides to the e
e^(z) = e^(a) . e^i(b)
Raise both sides to the ln(j) power where j is real integers.
j^(z) = j^(a) . e^(b/ln(j))

Now , sum them :
Zeta=Sum of j^(z) for j=1 to infinity

Now we extract all possible statements that embody some Conservation Law . Beth(1)

This means that Zeta is zero for the set of extracted statements if and only if (b/ln(j)) is of the order of Beth(0) and a=(-1/2)

Tensors .
The above is a definition of a tensor for a discontinous function .

Riemann’s Zeta function.
This can describe any delineated system .
If Zeta = 0 , conservation laws apply .

Zeta = Sigma(1/j )^z for j=1,2,3,…,infinity and z=a+ib , where z is complex and i =(-1)^0.5
The z bit is in two dimensions as discussed above .

This function has a deep underlying meaning for infinite systems .
If you unpack the Right-Hand side on a x-yi plane you get a graph that looks like a random walk .

If every point is visited that a random walk would visit over infinity (ie all) , without clumping , then Zeta can only be non-trivially zero if a=(-1/2) .

Why (x – yi) plane ? See “Why 2 “ above . The system is fractal . Two dimensions are necessary in any delineated system .

Remember , randomwalk distance from origin = step*sqrt(number of steps) .
So if the steps = 1/ ( sqrt(number of steps) ) , then the Origin might be reached if and only if a= -1/2
This is easily proven .

If a= - 1/2 , then b can be any real function . This would include Beth(0) and Beth(1) , but not higher orders of beth .

If a= -1/2 and b is an unreal number , then a cannot be equal to -1/2 anymore . Conservation cannot hold at any level .

Consequences:
Conservation Laws can only hold for Beth(0) and Beth(1) systems .

This is forced by the two dimensions of delineation .

Mathematically , this means that Beth(2+) systems of feedbacks can only be described in terms of attractors or/and fractal systems (ie not in isolation)

Physically , conservation of energy and momentum need not hold for Beth(2+) systems .

This has an interesting corollary in decryption (unpacking) . A Beth(2) mind unpacking Beth(0) or Beth(1) encryption is functionally equivalent to Non-Conservation of Energy .

Some other consequences :
If a< -½ , then Riemannian Orbitals are described . Beth(any)
Also described as nuclei , atoms .

If a> -½ , then a diffuse cloud is described . Beth(any)
Also described as magnetic effects .

What does this mean?
Present technology uses Beth(x) technology in a rather haphazard way .(Quantum physics) .

A better understanding will bring about a sudden change in capability .

Andre

Light Speed

2011-09-24T06:34:00.001-07:00

Light Speed
Andre Willers
24 Sep 2001

Synopsis :
Why is the neutrino speed so low ? Only (1+10^(-4) ) times Lightspeed .

Discussion :
1.The CERN results can be seen at the links below .

http://public.web.cern.ch/press/pressreleases/Releases2011/PR19.11E.html

“The OPERA result is based on the observation of over 15000 neutrino events measured at Gran Sasso, and appears to indicate that the neutrinos travel at a velocity 20 parts per million above the speed of light, nature’s cosmic speed limit.”

The collaboration’s result is available on the preprint serverarxiv.org: http://arxiv.org/abs/1109.4897.

2.What is lightspeed ?
In Relativity , it is the speed of propagation of the effects of an oscillating electric charge in a vacuum .

The effects are propagated in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and affect only other charges . The “in vacuo” part has never been experimentally tested , because we have never found any space-time without some matter , Indeed , some theories suggest that it is not possible .
See spacetime foam .

3.What is neutrino speed ?
It is the speed of propagation of the effects of an oscillating muon-tau neutrino . Affects mass only .
Note that the oscillation is rare (ie not 50-50 like EM)

4.Hidden Assumption in Relativity :
A signal can only be transmitted in some Electro-Magnetic form .
But , it seems that it can also be transmitted in a chargeless form (the neutrino)

5.Hypothesis :
The Ratio of Neutrino Speed(n) to EM speed(c) is proportional to their frequencies of oscillations between respective forms . The Neutrino speed is higher because it's energy is lower .
See para 7 below , as to why .

The oscillations :
EM :Electric field<->Magnetic field : 1 in 1
Neutrino Tau<-> muon : 1 in 10 000 from other experiments .

That gives n/c=(1+10^(-4) ) , which is consistent with above CERN findings .
Note the upper ceiling of n= 2*c if neutrino muon-tau oscillations are 50-50 .

6.See previous discussions concerning these topics :

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Universum" Nov 2006
The importance of delineation .

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "P vs NP" Feb 2011
A simpler , computational recipe can always be found .

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Topos 4" Sep 2007
Arith I discussed . Relevance to string theory.

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "The inside of zero" Aug 2009
Arith I discussed . Relevance to string theory.

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Universes" Mar 2011
An overview

7.Causation .
Does this mean major problems for causation and Relativity ?
Not at all . It just makes them a bit more complicated .
Signal speeds now allowed :
7.1 c = Old lightspeed
7.2 n = Neutrino speed ( c to 2 * c)
7.3 ent = entanglement speed (up to infinity)
This gives 2^3 = 8 possible interaction spaces . Back to Octonions (Google it)
The poor physicist must now look at 8 possible explanations for any event .
But it opens lots of exciting possibilities .
A Theory of Quantum gravity should at long last be realizable as those pesky infinities melt away using neutrino speeds .

8.Neutrino Mirrors:
A piece of fluff spun off in
http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Dino burning Bright II” Jul 2011
but suddenly relevant .

9.Cold fusion and fusion catalysts :
These suddenly much more attractive using n .

10.I can go on and on .
All over the world lab lights are staying up late ,
but some are staying up late earlier than others .
Exciting times !
Andre
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World War 2.5

2011-09-22T14:10:00.000-07:00

World War 2.5
Andre Willers
22 Sep 2011

“We must all indeed hang together , or most assuredly , we shall all hang separately” . Franklin
“Here we go again .” Tomb of the Unknown Soldier .

Synopsis :
Euro financial dynamics gives the first major nation (Germany,France,Italy) to leave Euro zone major advantages . This will force the other big nations to follow suit , leaving the rest of the Euro partners with the baby .
Within five years this will lead to regional armed conflicts .(From history)

Discussion :
See the scenario's for “Rush for the exit” and “Prisoner's dilemma” .
Essentially , the collective cross-subsidization breaks down and the devil takes the hindmost .

Logically , Germany should be first , since it has most to gain . But France has nearly as much to gain , and it's major banks are very exposed . Limiting it's losses would be a major consideration .

Ironically , I would estimate Italy the most likely to trigger the process .
A good 40% of it's economy is Black , outside the tax net , but can be mobilized in other ways .
In other words , they have a productivity reserve . Exiting the Euro to the New Lire and mobilizing the reserve would leave them in a better relative position , paying off their debts in devalued Euro's and doing internal financing via New Lires .

This will force Germany and France to do the same , or face a taxpayer revolt .
If Germany tries to support the Euro singlehandedly , it faces hyperinflation nightmares , something it's citizens will never tolerate .

This will crash the Euro , since the only nations remaining in it will be debt-ridden , low-productivity Eastern European states , Greece , Spain , Portugal , Ireland .

Strategic Considerations :
This will be a long-term disaster for Europe .

1.Regional warfare is inevitable (WW2.5) . Yugoslavia was a foretaste .
2.Russia will regain control of some former satellites .
3.Turkey as a regional power will swing away . See “Goeben-affair” in WWI
4.British influence will show a resurgence .
5.Ancient British-French rivalry will resume . (Not again!)
6.Strong US isolationism . ( “Three times is a bit much !”)
7.Strong Chinese influence (“New Chinese-Marshall Plan .”)

All this coming to you during the next week in a country near you !

Andre

New Jet engine Paradigm .

2011-09-20T15:53:00.000-07:00

New Jet Engine Paradigm
Andre Willers
20 Sep 2011

Synopsis :
The energy generation phase is separated from the propulsion phase .
Speed enhancements are of the order of 300%

Discussion
The old-style jet engine is broken up into the combustion stage and the propulsion stage .
The combustion stage is the old turbine or piston system .
The propulsion is electrically driven fans .
The combination with smart systems gives about 1/3 of the cost , and enables cheap supersonic systems .

As usual , Burt Rutan has been ahead of the pack .
See Burt Rutan's Flyng car .This would actually work .

http://green.autoblog.com/2011/07/26/burt-rutan-designs-hybrid-flying-car/
Notice the tiny primary powerplants (2 X 450 cc) .

Why was it not done before ?
They couldn't .
It requires materials and control systems not available before .

Andre

Apple III - Serotonin Crash

2011-09-20T12:24:00.000-07:00

Apples III – Serotonin Crash
Andre Willers
20 Sep 2011

“Ape who gets his virtual tail caught in the gears will see his ass” - AW

Synopsis
Warning : Withdrawal after Willers Zapper usage as set out below can cause serious depression in individuals susceptible to depression or on anti-depressants .

Discussion :
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Apples II” Sep 2011

I tried it . (Fri 16 Sep and Sat 17 Sep 2011) and saw my ass .

Xxxxxxxxx

The Willers Zapper .

Recipe :

1.Cleanse mucal receptor sites of mouth and gums by quickly rinsing with juice of crushed garlic.
Allicin's half-life is long enough for it to have significant effects on the bacteria competing for access to receptor sites . This results in a large percentage of open receptor sites .
The apple cream-crush is to be applied immediately afterward . The timing is important .

2.Crush small chunks of apple (including skin) into foamed cream using a garlic crusher .
Rinse mouth with milk (to establish oestroegen presence)
Smear the cream onto the gums .
There is an immediate calming effect . The tranquilizer kicking in .
This is quite strong . Like being on Prozac for two weeks .

A serotonin re-uptake inhibitor is generated , and a powerful one .
This is produced via an epigenetic effect on the histone windings of the DNA .
The serotonin levels in synapses soar .

3.Alcohol chaser :
A tot or two (about 25-50 ml of commercial liquor ) seems sufficient to crash the production of the tranquilizer as the alcohol shuts down the epigenetic tranquilizer production .

This has an extraordinary effect .
As the system compensates , colours are brighter , shapes are clearer , alertness increases
You are much more on the qui vive .
A very strong effect , not quite hallucinatory , but combat level .
Really remarkable .

4.Finish with a teaspoonful of peanut butter and cream cheese mixture .
This is supposed to re-establish some equinamity for normal humans .

Xxxxxxx

The Crash :
I spent the next three days in severe depression , frantically dosing with serotonin enhancers like 5HTP and alcohol , trying to figure out what went wrong . Churchill's Black Dog was in a chewing mood .

The Problem :
I am one of many people who have the two short forms of the serotonin re-uptake gene .
This means that serotonin is being too rapidly removed .

What happened :
The Willers Zapper whipsawed the system between rapid increases and decreases in serotonin levels (as well as some other neurotransmitters) .
Systems with high serotonin re-uptake rates promptly crashed on withdrawal (because of homeostasis) , leading to a prolonged period of deep depression .

Super-charging horses :
Give the horse a handful of garlic cloves , a bit of milk and some apples before a race and it will be a Wow ! Although depressed afterwards .

Does a horse-whisperer's breath smell of garlic ?

Is there some safe way to use this ?
The genetic serotonin re-uptake mechanism for each individual has to be taken into consideration .
The power seems to be in the synergistic effect between the Garlic and Apples on the mucosal membranes .
Scaling down of the alcohol component should also be effective by decreasing the whipsaw effect .
(ie a teaspoon of liquor instead of a tot .)

Summation :

I thought this would have a weak effect . Instead , I nearly had my head ripped off .

It needs some thinking .

Be careful in there .

Andre

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Apples II

2011-09-15T16:11:00.000-07:00

Apples II
Andre Willers
15 Sep 2011

“Stay me with flagons , comfort me with apples : for I am sick of love” Bible

Synopsis :
Major endorphin systems are in play . Apples are playing humans via horses .

Discussion :
Bears love apples .
Horses love apples.
What is the connection ?
See :
http://www.botany.wisc.edu/courses/botany_940/06CropEvol/papers/Harris%2602.pdf

http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Apples.horses and domestication” Sep 2011
See Appendix A for ease of reference .

Apples are rich in methionine amino acids . This suggests epigenetic effects .
Garlic was easy : Alliciin and Alliciinase required large concentrations of the relevant chemicals .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com “Garlic and the Plant-Herbivore Wars” Apr 2011

Epigenetic triggers take much smaller amounts , and are much more potent .
Hence the keeping it inactive in binary components .

The problem is that nobody has looked for them . So I can't find them on any search engine .

It will have to be done ab initio by looking at peripheral effects .

Preservation of apples :
Dried ,whole apples should keep the vesicles intact . A major trade in Mongolian times .

Cider , juices ,etc involves breaking the vesicles .

Cider will have none of the active ingredients . .They are stored in binary form , interact when
the apple is crushed . Very shortlived . Absorbed through linings of mouth .

I think subgroup of domesticated horses became domesticated because they had some enzymes in their mouth that delayed the breakdown .
Note the habit of pubertal human females letting horses nibble apples from their mouth .
Some transfer must take place . This hints at some oestrogen related compound .
The human would experience an endorphin high and relaxation .

French-kissing Dobbin gives a new meaning to bobbing for apples .
A new perversion ?

I shudder to think if it is not .

Horse Nomads :
Rather amusing to think that all that sound and fury was simply horses looking for a fix .

Evidence of apple cultivation at about 11500 BC has been found .

Every Mongol carried dried apples with him , and planted the seeds whenever they could .

Kumiss
Note the oestrogen effect .Drinking mares milk after the mares had eaten apples would have had a calming effect , making civilization possible . But drink it after it has fermented , with an alcohol level , it would have shut down the loosening of the histone DNA winding , preventing the expression of tranquilizers and endorphins . (Alcohol ameliorates methylation , a well-known epigenetic effect in memory and genetic systems .)
Also note the see-saw effect . Essential for civilizations .

What does this mean?

The Willers Zapper Cocktail :

Tranquilizer effect :
1.Rinse mouth with full cream milk(to establish an oestrogen presence )
2.Crush apple piece into a cream foam and smear onto gums and tongue .
3.Rinse with full cream milk .

Zapper Effect :
Follow with a shot of your favourite liquor . This will rapidly shut down the tranquilizer effect .

This whip-saw effect is essential to human function .

The net effect is a shock to the system .

What humans like . Swirling around the chaos-attractors .

You definitely will not be bored .

Andre
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Appendix A

Apples , Horses and Domestication .
Andre Willers.
15 Sep 2011

Synopsis:
Apples contain binary chemicals that drastically reduce aggression when mixed by crushing .
There is also an endorphin enhancing effect .

Discussion :
http://www.botany.wisc.edu/courses/botany_940/06CropEvol/papers/Harris%2602.pdf

Originally evolved in what is now Kazakhstan to spread seeds of apple-berries via bears , it was adapted by humans for domestication purposes , notably horses .

A really powerful tranquilizer , with endorphin effects , packaged in a binary form .
Degrades very fast in contact with oxygen or mixing .

Use the same method as for Garlic (Allicin) .
Crush an apple piece into cream foam to capture some of the binary components before they can degrade .

An apple a day keeps the doctor away .

Andre
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Hi-Tek Burgers

2011-09-15T12:35:00.001-07:00

Hi-Tek Burgers
Andre Willers
15 Sep 2011

Synopsis:
Burgers using liquid nitrogen or ordinary freezing .

Discussion :

Liquid nitrogen :
From Nathan Myhrvold (SciAm aug 2011 p12)
1.Slow cook burger to medium rare .
2.Dunk briefly in liquid nitrogen(to freeze thin layer on outside)
3.Deep fry (creates brown crust , but does not overheat interior)
A lot of hassle and expense .

Freezer-microwave (my version)
1.Freeze two thin layers of mince-patty on stiff plastic ,after dipping in water (or misting)
Spices can be added .(Yummy!)
2.Cook the rest of the patty till rare .
3.Put this between the two layers of frozen patty .
4.Microwave . Not too , long , so the interior does not overcook .
5.Stand (5-10 min)

Freezer-oven (my version)
As above , but instead of microwaving , wrap in aluminium foil and oven bake at high temperature (220C) for a short while(try increments of 5 minutes)
Stand

Freezer-grill (my version)
As above , but instead put only one frozen layer on top , grill it , flip it, then put the other frozen layer on top and grill it .
Stand .

Cheese :
Can be frozen or not . Some cheeses are better after frozen (the strong sorts)
Add between the layers . Helps to meld them together .

The result is a juicy burger close to the liquid nitrogen model , without all the hazard and hassle .

Here's to champagne tastes and beer incomes.

Andre

Apples , Horses and domestication .

2011-09-14T15:59:00.000-07:00

Apples , Horses and Domestication .
Andre Willers.
15 Sep 2011

Synopsis:
Apples contain binary chemicals that drastically reduce aggression when mixed by crushing .
There is also an endorphin enhancing effect .

Discussion :
http://www.botany.wisc.edu/courses/botany_940/06CropEvol/papers/Harris%2602.pdf

Originally evolved in what is now Kazakhstan to spread seeds of apple-berries via bears , it was adapted by humans for domestication purposes , notably horses .

A really powerful tranquilizer , with endorphin effects , packaged in a binary form .
Degrades very fast in conact with oxygen or mixing .

Use the same method as for Garlic (Allicin) .
Crush an apple piece into cream foam to capture some of the binary components before they can degrade .

An apple a day keeps the doctor away .

Andre

Refrigerators and Plagues

2011-09-12T13:54:00.001-07:00

Refrigerators and Plagues.
Andre Willers
12 Sep 2011

Synopsis :
Some bacteria form proteins that freezes water at super-zero temperatures . These create portholes in the gut for intrusion of harmful malware DNA .

Discussion :
Pseudonomas Syringae and various forms of Yersiniae Pestis can do this trick .
This is why the Black Plague spread along temperature gradients .

Eating infected cold food enabled spots of freezing in the gut . This negated the normal shutter defense . Vulnerable ports were left open .

The same happened in the lungs in cold climates .
Pomanders hastened the process by opening the airways .

Chilled cucumbers :
Expect Crohn's disease .
Cool as a cucumber . This means freezing at super-zero temperatures .

Airport systems with chilled air-conditioning will test positive for Yersinia contamination .

Neanderthals
They were cold adapted over a long period . Exactly . The bugs adapted as well ..
The hardest hit areas by the Black Plague were population groups with a high percentage of Neanderthal blood (North-West Europe) . These are also the groups with the highest resistance against CCR5 penetration .

Eat ice and die .

Therapeutic usage :
Cooled cucumber in probiotic yoghurt blasts beneficial DNA or other chemicals into the gut .
The cucumber pieces causes local freezing , keeping portals open .

Athletes :
A super boost can be achieved by eating chilled cucumbers sprinkled with sugar .

Diabetics II
Blasting sugar past gut portals should bypass insulin resistance mechanisms . But I do not know this . Only experiment will tell . At best it will reset some mechanisms . At worst , sugar levels will rise .

An interesting experiment .
Take refrigerated cucumber . Sprinkle with sugar and a bit of salt. Eat it Monitor blood sugar levels before and after .

An interesting putative corollary :
Sugar is a more powerful blocker of CCR5 than anything else . Sweets have kept humans disease free .

So , there should be an optimal level of sugar intake , at optimal temperatures .
Salt is involved .
Epigenetic short-circuit :
The Spanish Flu in 1917 correlates closer with lack of sugar than anything else .
And for two generations afterward .Except for those who ate chilled cucumbers sprinkled with sugar and salt

Cucumber cold sweets , you old diabetics you ?

Andre

New Energy I

2011-09-12T10:10:00.001-07:00

New Energy IAndre Willers12 Sep 2011Synopsis :New , cheap , non-fossil fuel energy sources have been developed and are being employed .Discussion :As previously mentioned , this underlied the German decision to go non-nuclear .See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_CatalyzerPrototypes and working units have been built and tested .The licenses have been bought by US companies , licensed to European nations , notably Germany and France . Presumably after thorough testing .Germany has bet the future of it's society on this technology .What does this mean ?Another peak .See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Peak Car " and "Peaking Resonance in Human Networks" Sep 2011The Oil price is fluctuating according to short-term demand , not long-term expectations .Oil is not nearly as expensive as it should be .Ditto the price of gas . Of major interest to Russia . So they are also into the new technology .Ditto the price of water .Ditto the price of air , notably the futures market in CO2 .Ditto the price of human energy (food) . Food is not nearly as expensive as it should be .Ditto price of spaceflight . (LEO , at least) . Private firms can afford to compete because of low capital costs .Why haven't you heard of it ?Major players are trying to optimize their options (including burying it)But the ripple effects have been leaking out .A tsunami is a ripple on the open sea .Andre

Peaking Resonance in Human Networks

2011-09-10T11:53:00.001-07:00

Peaking Resonance in Human Networks
Andre Willers
8 Sep 2011

Synopsis :
Sets of maxima and minima move in echelon where network node capacity is limited .

Discussion :

Peaks rise or fall together . The interactions seem chaotic (and are) . The peaks are outliers of attractor basins . They are inherently connected .

A major shift in peaks means a major shift in the social and technological paradigm .

It is easy to chart , and futile to fight .

The Growth Paradigm is dead .
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "Peak Car" Sep 2011

What is amazing is that it has taken so long to percolate through .
Green and sustainability is the game . This can be leveraged by about a factor of 3 .

For example :
See http://andreswhy.blogspot.com "NewTools" Nov 2008
A reasonable sustainable reserve is 1/3 from infinite basic principles.
The equation
1/3 = 1/r –1
gives r= ¾ as a useful Sharia or Christian Bank Fractional Sustainable Reserve .

The major reason for China's monetary success is that they micro-managed the fractional bank reserve rates . These are now edging up from about 0.5 to a sustainable 0.75 . European and American rates are much lower (5%-15%) and induces instability .

Delicious !
Big banks that relied on a r<0.75 to grow are history . Small banks are taking them over , and staying small . It is more profitable . The paradigm has changed .

Big is not beautiful anymore .
Ask Rupert Murdoch . Really look at the factors that led to his downfall .

The Fashion has changed .

European bank crisis :
This can be stopped in it’s tracks by fiat : make r=3/4 . This will have a bad effect on the bonuses of the bank bosses , but not much on depositors . They will have a sustainable debt as an investment .

Andre

Peak Car

2011-09-10T08:43:00.001-07:00

Peak Car
Andre Willers
8 Sep 2011

"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." - George Santayana

Synopsis:
The Peaks are interconnected . One system peaking means others will as well.
We are heading for a major deflationary cycle . Unless the Banks are bypassed , no amount of stimulus will help .
Cash is king .

Discussion :

Peak Cars :
http://www.rudi.net/node/22123

http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/features/is-this-the-end-of-the-car-2286616.html

http://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2011/3206293.htm

Briefly :
1.Peak Cars:
A tipping point had been reached well before 2008 (start of current economic crisis ) where people were less willing to go into debt for cars and the associated infrastructures .

This contributed to a large degree to the present economic crisis .

2.Social Networks and Car Networks are in direct competition .
The cost of social networks are about 1/100 of a car network , and decreasing , while the cost of car networks are increasing .
Guess which is winning .

Cars in China , India , etc.
It a characteristic of emerging markets to follow mature markets in that they recapitulate the development process much faster . In other words , the emerging markets car systems will peak quickly (may have already peaked) , then leap-frog the developed world into the next generation (like cellphones in Africa)

3.Peak Airtravel
There are no hits on Google . Nobody seems to have realised (like with cars) that Peak Airtravel has already been reached . The industry is declining , as seen in the large number of busts in low-cost airlines . Invariably blamed on the cost of fuel . But the fuel price has been going down . It is the ancillary infrastructure costs and sociological changes that has peaked airtravel .

4.Peak Tourism :
Cost of credit has eroded discretionary savings . Mass tourism travel has peaked .
Rip-offs at destination has permanently soured the market for the middle- and lower classes . Really bad news for lots of emerging countries .

5.Peak Oil
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_oil

Do not confuse this with peak oil prices . At a rough estimate , a fair oil price would be about $95 a barrel at peak demands . The rest is speculative excess .
As peak demands fall , oil prices will fall .

6.Peak Food Costs:
Dare I say it ? Food production costs have peaked .
Centers of large demand (China,India) have brought less productive agricultural areas in Africa and elsewhere into about 40 –fold increase in productivity .Populations have stabilised or grown wealthier . Food prices will fall .

If peak demands fall , (Peak Car , Peak Airtravel , Peak Oil Costs , Peak Food Costs)
Deflation would be the problem

7.Double Dip Recession :
This deflation is disguised as a Double Dip Recession .

The economies will slow down , but things will get cheaper in real terms .
Earn less , but buy more.

Peak Credit demand
Social networks are so much cheaper .

8.Peak Banks
The demand for credit has peaked and collapsed .
The smart operators got out of hedge funds long ago (cf Quantum)
Banks are still under the misapprehension that they only control the credit taps .
Fractional Reserves in banking has been responsible for most of the present troubles .
This is at an end unless Westerners want sharia banks to buy them with their own money .

9.Sharia Banking :
This is gaining ground because of the large fractional reserve (usually 100%)
Expect equivalent Fundamentalist Christian Banking .
A replay of the situation after the end of the Roman Empire's banking system .

Feeling peaked ?

Andre

Virtual Haptics

2011-09-08T14:59:00.001-07:00

Virtual HapticsAndre Willers8 Sep 2011Synopsis :Haptic systems are very resistant to suggestion . This is because most of the information processing is done on site , before the resultant is sent to the CNS .But powerful feedback processes are possible .The Haptic Golfer illustrates this .See:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HypnotismDiscussion :The Haptic Golfer :The Algorithm is simple :1. At tee-off , have imaginary smart superstrong strings connecting your hands and feet to Anchor points in a recognizable roughly square around you . Next , have a superstrong string connecting your head to the hole . 2. Imagine that each string is connected to a smart motor that will correct your swing .You do not have to concentrate too hard . The system is pre-programmed by evolution .Think like an inverse puppet .3. Practise and play .Learning will happen much faster .What is going on ?Evolution has armoured the physical systems against self-deception of the hypnosis and suggestion varieties , but there is a chink-hole using mirror-neurons .Each Anchor point is a nexus of mirror neurons . Suggestion is a narrowing of focus (ie the superstrong cable and Anchor) . The Systems interact more efficiently than a top-down central command system .Therapeutic usage :Elderly persons where fine control has gone due to death of too many cells , can benefit by a simplification of this nature .Just imagine cables pulling them everywhere .It does not matter if they are paranoid . The effect is the same .This is so simple , I am going to try it on the Putt-Putt course this weekend .Inverse gods , anyone ?Andre.