Edible Jellyfish
Andre Willers
10 Oct 2013
Synopsis :
Tasty and nutritious jellyfish can be created by genetically
engineering sponges .
Discussion :
1.Jellyfish are the motile arm of sponges . Thus they have
minimum necessary sufficient nutrients .
2.Sponges can be genetically engineered to give greater
returns than fish . See appendix A
3.The overfishing is driving oceanic ecosystems into
jellyfish attractors .
4.This means that there is an explosion of sponges .
5.Another one of Gaia’s little tricks .
6.But we can make tasty and nutritious jellyfish by
genetically engineering the Mother Plant/Animal . The sponge . This can be
vectored by viruses .
7.You will have to pay them . Fertilizer , a bit of rare
elements . Otherwise evolutionary factors will drive nutrient concentration
into jellyfish down . The turnover in organisms is not only high in linear
evolution , but sidereal evolution plays a major role .
Good luck with that.
8.Heavenly fertilizer :
Estimates vary of how much cosmic dust and
meteorites enter Earth’s atmosphere each day, but range anywhere from 5 to 300
metric tons, with estimates made from satellite data and extrapolations of
meteorite falls
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/94392/getting-a-handle-on-how-much-cosmic-dust-hits-earth/#ixzz2hGoQ1YLu
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/94392/getting-a-handle-on-how-much-cosmic-dust-hits-earth/#ixzz2hGoQ1YLu
9.Billions await the first chef-GM engineer .
Not too difficult .
Been done . (Disaster recovery : the genes are there , and
the switches.)
Regards
Andre
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Appendix A
The mystery of how
coral reefs thrive in "ocean deserts" has been solved, scientists
say.
Reefs are among
Earth's most vibrant ecosystems, yet they flourish in waters lacking nutrients
- a phenomenon known as Darwin's Paradox.
A team found that
sponges keep the reef alive - by recycling vast amounts of organic matter to
feed snails, crabs and other creatures.
Writing in
Science, they hope their findings will aid conservation.
Sponges recycle nearly
ten times as much matter as bacteria, and produce as much nutrition as all the
corals and algae in a reef combined, the scientists calculate.
They are the
"unsung heroes" of the reef community, said lead author Jasper de Goeij,
an aquatic ecologist at the University of Amsterdam.
"Up until now
no-one has really paid sponges much attention. They look nice, but everybody
was more interested in corals and fish," he told BBC News.
The scientists tested sponges in a Caribbean
reef
"But it turns out
that sponges are big players - and they deserve credit for their role.
"If you want a
reef which is colourful and biodiverse, you need a 'sponge loop' to maintain
it."
It was during his
voyage on the Beagle that Charles Darwin famously observed that tropical reefs
are like oases in a desert.
They are surrounded by
waters lacking nitrogen and phosphorus - the building blocks of life - which
ought to prohibit their growth.
And since corals
release up to half their organic matter into seawater, reefs need a system to
recover these nutrients and recycle them into the ecosystem.
Bacteria do part of
the job, but are not abundant enough to service the chemical dependencies of a
whole teeming reef community.
Sugar daddies
Sponges (poriferans)
are filter feeders which live in rock crevices, sucking up plankton and organic
matter released into the sea by corals.
The idea that they
could be a missing link in the reef food cycle has been
proposed before.
But it was not clear
how much nutrition they could supply, nor how exactly they feed their reef
neighbours - worms, crustaceans and other sea floor foragers.
On the Caribbean
island of Curacao, de Goeij and his team studied four common species of sponges
- first in laboratory aquariums, then in a natural reef where the scientists
sealed off a cavity.
Sponges are not usually the stars of
conservation campaigns - but they hold reef ecosystems together
They fed the
poriferans with labelled sugars - and traced these molecules on their journey.
First the sugars were
absorbed from the water by the sponges, then quickly shed in dead filter cells
(choanocytes) - detritus which fell to the seabed.
Within two days, the
same molecules were present in snails and other creatures feeding on the
sediment containing sponge waste.
These snails are in
turn eaten by larger animals, and so the cycle continues.
It was not only the
speed, but the sheer volume of food turnover which took the authors by surprise
- about 10 times more than bacteria recycle.
The sponge Halisarca
caerulea for example takes up two-thirds of its body weight in
dissolved carbon each day, but it barely grows in size - because old cells are
shed to the seabed.
In total, the Dutch team estimated this "sponge loop"
produced nearly as many nutrients as all the primary producers (corals and
algae) in an entire tropical reef.
And other marine deserts,
like deep-sea cold-water coral reefs or temperate Mediterranean reefs, may also
rely on poriferans to recycle their nutrients.
By recognising sponges
as lynchpins - the unheralded heroes of the reef - they hope to aid
conservation efforts in these fragile havens.
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